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    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
    Tytuł:
    Polityka rządu José Marii Aznara Lópeza wobec Kuby (1996-2004)
    Policy of the Government of José Maria Aznar towards Cuba (1996-2004)
    Autorzy:
    Domejko-Kozera, Patrycja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    After the victory of People’s Party (Partido Popular) in the election on 3 March 1996 the government of José Maria Aznar with the foresight of protection of human rights and democratization adopted a strict policy towards Cuba, the country linked with Spain by numerous bonds: historical, linguistic, cultural, economic ones, not to mention relations of soieties. This change was the result of the strategy formulated by the PP government of alliance with the USA whose relations with Castro regime had been hostile for years. The stages in the Spanish-Cuban relations in the years 1996-2004 coincided with periods in Washington-Havana relations. The following stages can be distinguished in this period: gradual deterioration of bilateral relations leading to diplomatic crisis (May 1996—April 1998), normalization (from April 1998) and renewed crisis (with the climax after adoption by the European Union sanctions on Cuba in June 2003). The PP government actions concerned mostly political and diplomatic spheres, both on bilateral (Spain did not appoint an ambassador in Havana for 1,5 ywar) and communitarian lovel (European Union Common Position of 2 December 1996 on Cuba, UE sanctions on Cuba). The government actions did not affect the economic sphere. Despite the fact that tension in Madrid-Havana contacts had negative effect on economy, during the years of Aznar’s government Spanish trade with Cuba flourished. Having adopted a tough policy towards Cuba, the PP government criticized US embargo on Cuba and Hclms-Burton Act. The policy of the government of PP towards Cuba was criticized by the opposition. It did not contribute to the improvement of human rights and democratic rules on the island, but it strengthened Spanish-American relations.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2008, 82; 173-193
    0208-6050
    2450-6990
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polityka rządu Austrii Niemieckiej w kwestii granicy austriacko-czechosłowackiej (XI-XII 1918)
    La politique du gouvernement de l’Autriche Allemande face au problème de la frontière autrichienne et tchécoslovaque (XI-XII 1918)
    Autorzy:
    Jeziorny, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647659.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    Avec la fin de la première guerre mondiale la monarchie de Habsbourg a été abolie. Deux nouveaux crées pays l’Autriche Allemande et la Tchécoslovaquie prétendaient à contrôler des territoires de Tchécoslovaquie Allemande, du Pays de Sudètes et de la Tchécoslovaquie de Sud et de la Moravie. Ces territoires - là avaient une grande importance économique pour tous les deux pays. En plus le gouvernement prussien faisait des démarches en égard stratégique, et viennois en national. À cause d’une politique indéfinie des puissances (sauf la France pour Tchécoslovaque) le manque de plans de la résolution du conflit a fait que tout dépendait des activités des pays concurrençants. Le gouvernement autrichien essayait de gagner en proclamant les idées de l’identification nationale des habitants des territoires discutables ce qui devait se réaliser à la voie d’un plebiscite pacifique sous le contrôle des forces neutres. Les adversaires de Bauer discutaient les autres possibilités de mener la politique, mais sauf les appels aux pays neutres et au president Wilson on n’a pas fait d’autres démarches à cause de l’affaiblissement du pays. La ligne politique du secretaire d ’état des affaires étrangères d’Otto Bauer a provoqué la defaite de l’Autriche face à la realisation des territoires discutés encore avant le debut de la Conference de Paix. Le gouvernement tchécoslovaque, en choisissant la méthode de faits accomplis (l’occupation des territoires de zone frontière de la Tchécoslovaquie et de la Moravie) s’est présenté plus efficace dans la lutte pour les territoires les plus importants pour lui.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 1998, 61; 73-93
    0208-6050
    2450-6990
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polityka agrarna rządu Władysława Grabskiego w latach 1923-1925
    Agrarian Policy of Władysław Grabski Government 1923-1925
    Autorzy:
    Chylak, Karol
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104567.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    After the First World War the Republic of Poland was an agricultural country where almost 2/3 of the population of a country was cultivating. This agrarian structure, with dwarf farms, was not very profitable, because it did not give maintenance to its owner, and it had no prospects of development for the future. The most important issues were the remains of archaic ways of farming such as patchwork and land communities. Poland was not raised from the dead yet when the issue of the agrarian reforms divided politicians into two hostile camps. This state of the situation had disastrous influence on reformist conceptions because some parties had more and more radical watchwords and the other ones were falling into extreme conservatism. As a result of such conduct there was the establishment of agrarian relations. On 10th July, 1919 the Seym (the lower house of the Polish Parliament) adopted a resolution concerning the agricultural reform and on 15th July, 1920 following it a bill, which were both the result of the compromise. None of political options was satisfied of that bill, so nobody cared deeply about the realization of the bill. Władysław Grabski did not have to be concerned about the demands of the agricultural reform which were becoming more and more radical. The tension round the issue was his own fault, the consequence of the adoption of the tactic to find support in the Seym. The Prime Minister did not have any uniform, reformist manifesto. He was selecting his associates on the basis of the profit or the loss of votes in Parliament, not taking the realization of the bill into consideration. In the first half ol 1924, when the highest positions were taken by the people of the Right, Władysław Grabski was realizing the conception of the transformation of the agrarian structure using economic stimuli. Bigger properties were due to be taxed. At the same time some preparations were made to introduce State Agricultural Bank whose aim was to help in integrating of farmlands. To meet with support in Parliament Władysław Grabski resigned as Minister of Agricultural Reforms. W. Kopczyński, the candidate of the Polish Peasant Party „Liberation" was Władysław Grabski’s successor. It was unavoidable to introduce the issue of the agricultural reform in forum of the Seym where politics were more important than sober thinking. It was failure of reforms connected with the Polish country because politics once again won with a Polish raison d’etat.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2005, 78; 47-83
    0208-6050
    2450-6990
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polityka rolna rządu Józefa Piłsudskiego (2 X 1926–12 VI 1928)
    Agricultural Policy of Józef Pilsudski’s Government (2 X 1926 – 12 VI 1928)
    Autorzy:
    Łapa, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/966806.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    economic policy
    agriculture
    agricultural policy
    reglamentation
    customs policy
    Opis:
    During the period of the prime minister's office by Józef Piłsudski, agricultural policy focused on activities aimed at protecting the consumer's interests. As a result, it focused on activities aimed at regulating the prices of agricultural commodities, mainly cereals. Such regulation by means of export restrictions contributed to a sharp fall in cereal prices. Regulation of trade in agricultural products did not positively affect the amplitude of price fluctuations. The reason for this was the undecided government export and import measures. Frequent changes caused anxiety among sellers and buyers, which caused that the price differences paid by producers and consumers significantly increased. Therefore, this policy encountered serious resistance from the landowners' spheres, merchants, as well as grain millers, who were also trade with grain. The attempt to develop a comprehensive plan of aid to agriculture was undertaken only at the turn of 1929 and 1930. The government's actions aimed at intensifying agricultural production did not bring good results. Eventually, they were stopped by the economic crisis.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Wiejskie; 2017, 23; 89-110
    1506-6541
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Wiejskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polityka zagraniczna pierwszego rządu Partii Pracy w Wielkiej Brytanii w 1924 r.
    The Foreign Policy of the First Labour Partys Government in 1924
    Autorzy:
    Harasimowicz, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647988.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1981
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Opis:
    This book is a shortened version of the doctoral thesis completed in Historical Institute of the Łódź University, in 1977. In original version, there was a large chapter concerning Anglo-Soviet relations, omitted here because of the prior publication аs an article in ZNUŁ 1978, no 27. The thesis is based on British government archival materials, chiefly political correspondence, being kept in Public Record Office at London. These are Foreign Office - and Colonial Office paреrs. Another set of documents is from Labour Party's Central Archive at London (so called Transport House). These are mainly memoranda’s of the International Advisory Committee, 1918-1924.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 1981, 6; 1-164
    0208-6050
    2450-6990
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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