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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Rola cyrkulacji atmosferycznej i zmian temperatury powierzchni morza w kształtowaniu zmienności temperatury powietrza na stacjach zachodniego wybrzeża Półwyspu Antarktycznego
Role of the atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature changes in the formation of air temperature variability at the stations western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula
Autorzy:
Marsz, A. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Półwysep Antarktyczny
roczna temperatura powietrza
ochłodzenie
temperatura powierzchni morza
wiatr geostroficzny
Antarctic Peninsula
annual air temperature
cooling
sea surface temperature
geostrophic wind
Opis:
Praca omawia przyczyny spadku temperatury powietrza obserwowanego po roku 2000 na stacjach północnego krańca Półwyspu Antarktycznego oraz osłabienia tempa wzrostu temperatury na stacjach środkowej i południowej części Półwyspu. Analiza przyczyn zachodzących zmian temperatury powietrza wskazuje, że czynnikiem odpowiedzialnym za spadki temperatury jest silny spadek temperatury powierzchni morza (dalej SST – sea surface temperature) na wodach Oceanu Południowego rozpościerających się na NW od Półwyspu Antarktycznego. Zarówno zmiany SST, jak i zmienność południkowych, ujemnych (z sektora północnego) składowych wiatru geostroficznego, które objaśniają łącznie około 60% wariancji rocznej temperatury powietrza na stacjach omawianego obszaru, zachodzą pod wpływem czynników naturalnych.
The paper presents the results of research into the role of changes in SST and atmospheric circulation variability in the formation of annual air temperature at the station the South Shetland Islands and the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Four stations have been chosen for the analysis: Bellingshausen, Esperanza, Faraday / Vernadsky and Rothera. In this region (Fig. 2) these stations have the longest and most complete series of temperature measurements. After an analysis, annual average values of SST anomalies of the sea area extending from the N and NW of the area in question (variable SSTA20; see Fig. 2) and the average annual values of zonal and meridional components of geostrophic wind at the level of 1000 hPa (four points marked in Fig. 2) have been chosen as factors influencing the temperature variations at these stations. Regression analysis showed that SST variability and variability of meridional components of geostrophic wind of the points 60°S, 60°W and 65°S, 70°W have a strong, statistically significant influence on the variability of annual air temperature at the analyzed stations . Variability of zonal components of geostrophic wind does not play a significant role in shaping the temperature variation. The variability of meridional component of geostrophic wind and SST anomalies explain a total of about 60% of the observed variance of annual air temperature at the studied stations throughout the observation period (Table 2). The cause of the collapse of the strong positive trend of temperature after 2000, which occurred at these stations, is the occurrence of a sharp fall in SST in the analyzed sea area (Fig. 5). As a result, the South Shetland Islands and northern edge of the Antarctic Peninsula after 2000 began to cool, and the positive trend at stations in central and southern part of the Antarctic Peninsula became much weaker (Fig. 1). The analysis shows that the variation of meridional components of geostrophic wind and SST variability controlling temperature changes at the stations of west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula are a sign of natural processes. They are directly (SST anomalies) or indirectly (meridional components of geostrophic wind) the result of oceanic processes. This observed variability in temperature in the north of the region and the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, including a strong positive trend observed in the years 1951-2000 and its subsequent collapse in the years 2000-2012, must be regarded as a manifestation of natural variability.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2013, 23; 21-42
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przebieg roczny temperatury powietrza na Antarktydzie
Annual course of air temperature on the Antarctic
Autorzy:
Kejna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Antarktyda
temperatury powietrza
Antarctic
air temperature
Opis:
On the Antarctic the annual course of air temperature shows a considerable spatial differentiation. Over the inland the course of temperature during the year is conditioned by insolation-radiational factors. On the coast the role of circulation factors connected with the advection of air masses from above the ocean or from the interior of the continent. In the paper mean monthly air temperatures from 56 stations making standard meteorological observations and from 38 automatic weather stations (AWS) have been used. On the Antarctic there types of annual air temperature courses can be distinguished: Oceanic - characterised by positive air temperatures in the summer season with the highest temperatures in February and by mild temperatures in the winter months (to -10°C). As a result of the ocean influence spring is considerable colder then autumn. The annual amplitudes are small (to 10-15°C). This type occurs on the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula and on the subantarctic islands. Continental - with very low air temperatures. The warmest month is December with temperatures below -30°C in the interior of the continent. In winter the lowest mean monthly temperatures reach -70°C. The temperature frequently increases in the middle of winter; this phenomenon is called kernlose winter. The annual amplitude of air temperature is not high and in the interior its value reaches 30-35°C. The continental type includes the whole Antarctic except the narrow coastal belt. Coastal - characterised by air temperature around 0°C in the summer period. The warmest month is January. The lowest temperatures occur in January (-30° do -40°C). The growth of temperature in spring delays the heat uptake for the melting of sea ice. The annual amplitude of the air temperature is quite high and exceeds 20°C. Due to the influence of circulation factors on the Antarctic the annual course of the air temperature shows a large variability from year to year.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2002, 12; 5-19
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zmian temperatury wody powierzchniowej mórz Barentsa, Norweskiego i Grenlandzkiego na trend rocznej temperatury powietrza na Spitsbergenie
Influence of changes in sea surface temperature in the Barents, Norwegian and Greenland seas on the annual air temperature trend at Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Styszyńska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/261025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
temperatura powietrza
temperatura powierzchni morza
Spitsbergen
air temperature
sea surface temperature
Opis:
Praca omawia wpływ zmian temperatury wód powierzchniowych (SST - sea surface temperature) mórz Barentsa, Norweskiego i Grenlandzkiego zachodzących w okresie zimowego wychładzania (styczeń-kwiecień) na roczne i sezonowe wartości temperatury powietrza na Spitsbergenie w okresie 1912-2010. Stwierdzono, że zimowa SST rozległej powierzchni mórz otaczających Spitsbergen jest silnie skorelowana z roczną temperaturą powietrza na Spitsbergenie przez kolejne trzy lata (k, k+1, k+2). Powierzchnia akwenów, na których występują opóźnione korelacje z temperaturą powietrza na Spitsbergenie stopniowo zmniejsza się, a siła związków słabnie. Obszary, na których w roku k+2 korelacje utrzymują najwyższą (p < 0.001) istotność odtwarzają szlaki przenosu prądowego. Akwen, na którym zmienność SST z roku k najsilniej koreluje z roczną i zimową temperaturą powietrza na Spitsbergenie w kolejnych trzech latach (k, k+1, k+2) nie zmienia swojego położenia - jest to obszar leżący na pograniczu N części Morza Norweskiego i W części Morza Barentsa - między Bjornoyą a Nordkapem. Długookresowe zmiany temperatury powierzchni mórz wokółspitsbergeńskich regulują długookresową zmienność temperatury powietrza na Spitsbergenie, a występujący w przebiegu rocznej temperatury powietrza trend ma swoją genezę w zmianach zasobów ciepła w wodach tych mórz.
This work discusses the influence of changes in SST (sea surface temperature) of the Barents, Norwegian and Greenland seas occurring during winter cooling (January-April) on annual and seasonal air temperatures at Spitsbergen during 1912-2010. It was found that the winter SST of vast seas surrounding the region of Spitsbergen is strongly correlated with annual and winter air temperature at Spitsbergen during the next three years (k, k+1, k+2). The sea areas, where the delayed correlations with air temperature at Spitsbergen are observed, gradually decrease, and the strength of the correlation decreases. The routes of moving current represent the areas where correlations maintain the highest significance (p <0.001) in the year k+2. The sea area, where variability of SST from year k is most strongly correlated with the annual and winter air temperature at Spitsbergen in the next three years (k, k+1, k+2) does not change its position - this is the area lying on the border of the north part of the Norwegian Sea and the west part of the Barents Sea - between Bjornoya and Nordkap. Long-term sea surface temperature changes of vast seas surrounding the region of Spitsbergen regulate the long-term variability of the air temperature on Spitsbergen, and appearing in the course of the annual air temperature trend has his own genesis in changes of resources of the warmth in waters of these seas.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2011, 21; 115-131
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zmian temperatury wody na Prądzie Norweskim na kształtowanie rocznej temperatury powietrza w atlantyckiej Arktyce i notowane tam ocieplenie w okresie ostatniego 20-lecia
The influence of changes in water temperature in the Norwegian Current on annual air temperature in the Atlantic part of the Arctic and its warming noted over the past 20-year period
Autorzy:
Styszyńska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
temperatury powietrza
temperatury wody
Arktyka
water temperature
air temperature
Arctic
Opis:
Kruszewski, Marsz and Zblewski (2003) found out that winter temperature of water in the Norwegian Current indicates quite strong, occurring with a delay, correlations with the air temperature at Spitsbergen, Bjornoya, Hopen and Jan Mayen. Strong and statistically significant correlations between the mean sea surface temperature (SST) in the period January-March in grid 2°x2° [67°N, 10°E] and the monthly temperature of July, August and September with SST are marked the same year (3-5 month delay) and with the air temperature in November and December the following year (18-20 month delay). Waters of the Norwegian Current transport warm, of higher salinity Atlantic waters. Winter SST of the Atlantic Ocean characterizes the heat resources in the deeper layers of waters. SST in grid [67,10] in an indirect way characterizes heat resources carried with the Atlantic waters into the Norwegian Sea and farther to the Arctic together with the West Spitsbergen and Nordcap currents. The aim of this work is to describe the influence caused by changes in heat resources transported to the Arctic with the Norwegian Current on the annual temperature of air in the region of Hopen, Spitsbergen and Jan Mayen. The examined period covers the years of 1982?2002 and is marked by great warming in this area. The analysis of spatial distribution of correlation coefficients justifies Kruszewski and others (2003) hypothesis of mechanism causing the delayed influence of changes in water heat resources on the air temperature in this region The observed positive correlations between winter SST in [67,10] grid and air temperature in July, August and September result in the influence of changing water heat resources on atmospheric circulation noted in these months. Positive correlations in November and December in the following year result from the ?onflow? to the Arctic of warmer and of high salinity Atlantic waters. They have influence on the ice formation on the Greenland and Barents seas thus causing that influence of changing heat resources carried with waters on air temperature is much stronger. The analysis of regression made it possible to establish the correlation between annual air temperature at a given station (Ts) and winter water temperature (Tw) in [67,10] grid. Annual temperature in a year k is a function of two variables: Tw of the same year as the temperature Ts (Tw(k)) and Tw from the preceding year (Tw(k-1)): Ts(k) = A + b . Tw(k) + c . Tw(k-1) Table 3 contains the values of constant term and regression coefficients as well as statistical characteristics of formulas for the analysed stations. Both variables Tw from the year k and the year k-1 explain about 40% of the changeability in mean annual air temperature of the observed 20-year period at the analysed stations. This means that only one element, i.e. heat resource in the waters of the Norwegian Current, defined with the value Tw, determines more than 1/3 of the whole annual changeability in air temperature in the region located from Jan Mayen up to Hopen and from Tromso up to Ny Alesund. The station for which maximum explanation may be applied (47.7%) is Hopen, the station where the positive trend in annual temperature is the highest (+0.090°C/year). The values of regression coefficients b and c prove that the inertial factor connected with advection of the Atlantic waters has greater role in the changeability in mean annual temperature of air. The analysis of formula [2] indicates that great increases and decreases in annual temperature at the discussed stations will be observed in a k year if the values of Tw in two following years are significantly higher or lower than the mean ones. That is why the occurrence of positive trend in value of Tw should be followed by relatively systematic increase in annual air temperature at stations located at the described region. A positive trend in annual air temperature was noted at the analysed stations over the period 1982?2002. At Jan Mayen its value is +0.067 (ą0.028)°C/year (p<0.026). When taking the estimated values of regression coefficients in the multiple regression connecting the annual temperature at Jan Mayen with the value of Tw (Table 1) and the same value of trend T equal to +0.023 then the value of annual trend in air temperature at Jan Mayen influenced by trend Tw equals 0.0598°C/year. The obtained result indicates that the whole or almost whole warming observed at Jan Mayen in the years 1983-2002 may be explained by direct and indirect influence of the increase in the value of Tw over that period.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 69-78
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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