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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Preparation and Characterization of HMX/Estane Nanocomposites
    Autorzy:
    Shi, X.
    Wang, J.
    Li, X.
    An, Ch.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358274.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    HMX
    Estane 5703
    spray drying
    nanocomposites
    thermal stability
    Opis:
    A new insensitive explosive based on octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) was prepared by spray drying using Estane 5703 as a binder. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphology and particle size of the HMX/Estane 5703 nanocomposites. The composites were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry and their impact sensitivity was determined. For comparison, raw HMX was also tested using these three methods. The nanocomposite morphology was found to be microspherical (1 to 8 μm diameter) and composed of many tiny particles, 30 to 150 nm in size. The crystal type of the HMX/Estane 5703 nanocomposites was unchanged. The activation energy, self-ignition temperature and average drop height of the raw HMX were 515.66 kJ·mol-1, 278.63 °C and 18.4 cm, respectively. In comparison, the corresponding values for the HMX/Estane 5703 nanocomposites were 488.92 kJ·mol-1, 279.3 °C and 75.4 cm, respectively.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 3; 433-442
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    GAP/DNTF Based PBX Explosives: a Novel Formula Used in Small Sized Explosive Circuits
    Autorzy:
    An, C.
    Wen, X.
    Wang, J.
    Wu, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358581.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    explosive circuits
    GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives
    thermal stability
    mechanical sensitivity
    propagation reliability
    detonation velocity
    Opis:
    With 3,4-dinitrofurazanofuroxan (DNTF) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) as the main explosive and binder respectively, GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives were designed, prepared and used to fill the small groove of some explosive circuits. The formulation was: DNTF 85 wt.%, GAP 11 wt.%, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and other additives making up the final 4 wt.%. After the uncured slurry mixture was prepared by uniform mixing, a squeezing device was used to charge the circuit groove (dimensions less than 1 mm × 1 mm). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed a fine charging effect. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the energy of activation (Ea) and the pre-factor (A) of GAP/DNTF and these were compared with those for raw DNTF. The influences and causes of it have been investigated. The experimental results for propagation reliability showed that when the dimensions of the linear groove were 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm × 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm × 0.6 mm or 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm, GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives can propagate explosion successfully. Furthermore, the H50 and friction sensitivity of GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives were obtained using the following mechanical sensitivity experiments. These properties are vital if GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives are to be applied in complex explosive circuits.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 2; 397-410
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study on the rheological properties of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives
    Autorzy:
    Li, H.-X..
    Wang, J-Y.
    An, C.-W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358310.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    casting explosive
    particle gradation
    rheological properties
    plasticizer
    Opis:
    The rheological properties of ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)/hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) casting explosives with different formulations were tested and analyzed. The effects of both the weight percentage (wt.%) of CL-20 and its particle size, as well as the type and content of plasticizers, on the rheological properties of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives were investigated in detail. The results show that the viscosity and pseudoplasticity of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives increase with increasing wt.% of CL-20 and decreasing particle size. The gradation of CL-20 particle size also affects the rheological properties of the casting explosives. When the mixing ratio of 30 μm to 2 μm particles is 3:1, the viscosity reaches its lowest value and the non-Newtonian index reaches the maximum value of 0.5698. The viscosity, non-Newtonian index and impact sensitivity of the samples studied are clearly decreased by the addition of dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOS) or dibutyl phthalate (DBP). However, the three plasticizers do not appear to affect the thermal decomposition of CL-20/HTPB casting explosives. With respect to the rheological properties, mechanical properties and sensitivity, DOA is the optimum plasticizer to use in CL-20/HTPB casting explosives.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 2; 237-255
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Insensitive Booster Explosive: DAAF Surface-coated with Viton A
    Autorzy:
    Li, X.
    Wu, B.
    Liu, S.
    An, C.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358841.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    DAAF
    refinement
    surface-coated
    thermal analysis
    impact sensitivity
    Opis:
    3,3’-Diamino-4,4’-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) is the principal component of an insensitive booster explosive; refined DAAF and DAAF surface-coated with Viton A were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the morphology, composition, and thermal decomposition of these samples. The impact sensitivity and theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF-based composites were also measured and analyzed. The results showed that DAAF surface-coated with Viton A was successfully obtained, and the impact sensitivity of DAAF/Viton A composites was much lower than that of crude DAAF. In addition, DAAF/Viton A composites exhibited better thermal stability compared to crude DAAF and refined DAAF. The theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF/Viton A composites and TATB/Viton A composites are roughly the same. Therefore, there is still great potential for DAAF to be used as the main explosive component of a booster explosive.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 3; 445-455
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Process Optimization and Characterization of an HMX/Viton Nanocomposite
    Autorzy:
    Shi, X.
    Wang, C.
    Wang, J.
    Li, X.
    An, C.
    Ji, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    HMX
    spray drying
    processing parameters
    optimization
    impact sensitivity
    nanoparticles
    Opis:
    HMX/Viton A nanocomposites were prepared by a spray drying process using different processing parameters, which included the dry gas inlet temperature, the air flow rate, and the solution feed flow rate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the nanocomposites. The effects of the processing parameters on the morphology of the samples were investigated and are discussed. The thermal decomposition behaviour and impact sensitivity of the raw HMX and HMX/Viton A nanocomposites were also measured and compared. Optimal morphology and dispersion of the coated samples was achieved when the dry gas inlet temperature and the air and solution feed flow rates were 55 °C, 660 L/h and 1.5 mL/min, respectively. Under these optimal processing conditions, the nanocomposites were spherical in shape, ranged from 0.2-2 μm in size, and were composed of many tiny particles of 50-100 nm in size. The crystal phase of the nanocomposites was the same as that of raw HMX. Compared with those of raw HMX, the melting point and impact sensitivity of the nanocomposites were lower and the thermal decomposition rate was slightly higher.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 3; 487-495
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine HMX/TATB Explosive Co-crystals
    Autorzy:
    An, C.
    Li, H.
    Zhang, Y.
    Ye, B.
    Xu, C.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358105.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    HMX
    TATB
    ultrafine co-crystals
    ball milling
    mechanical sensitivity
    Opis:
    An explosive co-crystal of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) was prepared by the ball milling method. The raw materials and co-crystals were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. Impact and friction sensitivity of the co-crystals were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the HMX/TATB co-crystals are spherical in shape and 100-300 nm in size. The co-crystals are different from anintimate mixture of HMX/TATB and they exhibit a new co-crystal structure. HMX/TATB co-crystals are formed by N-O···H hydrogen bonding between −NO2 (HMX) and −NH2 (TATB). The drop height of ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals is 12.7 cm higher than that of ultrafine HMX, whilst the explosion probability of friction is 20% lower than that of ultrafine HMX. Ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals are difficult to initiate under impact and friction conditions.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 4; 876-887
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preparation of Al Nanoparticles and Their Influence on the Thermal Decomposition of RDX
    Autorzy:
    Hou, C.
    Geng, X.
    An, Ch.
    Wang, J.
    Xu, W.
    Li, X.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358260.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    Al nanoparticles
    properties
    RDX
    thermal decomposition
    Opis:
    Aluminum (Al) nanoparticles were prepared by the DC arc plasma method in order to study the influence of Al nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX). The Al powder was characterized by TEM, BET, XRD, and LSA, and the thermal decomposition of RDX and RDX/nanometer Al were examined by DSC. Based on the DSC curves, the thermal decomposition parameters of the samples were calculated and compared. The results showed that the particles of Al are homogeneous and fine, and that the surface is smooth. The TEM results showed that the nanoparticles are spherical, with an average diameter of approximately 60 nm. The peak temperature of RDX decomposition decreased by 4.36 K at the heating rates of 5, 10, and 20 K/min after the addition of nano-Al powder, and the activation energy for decomposition decreased by about 11 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the critical explosion temperature was also reduced. These observable changes indicate that Al nanoparticles act as catalysts for the thermal decomposition of RDX.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 1; 123-133
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unravelling the Effect of Anthraquinone Metal Salts as Wide-range Plateau Catalysts to Enhance the Combustion Properties of Solid Propellants
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Y.
    Yan, Q.-L.
    An, T.
    Chen, B.
    Ji, Y.-P.
    Wang, W.
    Zhao, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358042.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    solid propellants
    burning rate catalysts
    anthraquinone metal salts
    wide-range plateau combustion
    Opis:
    Novel lead and copper salts based on anthraquinone, including 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone,1,4,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone and 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-dinitroanthraquinone, were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The catalytic effects of these compounds on the decomposition of nitrocellulose (NC) and on the combustion properties of double-base (DB) and composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellants were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrated that the burning rate is significantly increased (by 200%) in the lower pressure range (2-6 MPa) as compared to the control systems without added anthraquinone-based salts. Concurrently, the pressure exponents (n) were obviously lower, exhibiting a “wide-range plateau” combustion phenomenon in the middle-pressure region. Specifically, for the DB propellants such a plateau region extended from 10 MPa to 16 MPa for n equal to 0.10, from 10 MPa to 18 MPa for n equal to 0.11 and from 8 MPa to 18 MPa when n is 0.05. In the case of RDX-CMDB propellants, the plateau was found to be in the range 6-18 MPa, with n in the range 0.16-0.27, depending on the type of catalyst, in contrast to the reference CMDB sample, which was characterized by n equal to 0.7 for the same pressure range.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 376-390
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental Insight into the Catalytic Mechanism of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Zn and Co) on the Thermal Decomposition of TKX-50
    Autorzy:
    Hou, Xiaoting
    Zhang, Ming
    Zhao, Fengqi
    Yang, Yanjing
    An, Ting
    Li, Hui
    Pan, Qing
    Wang, Xiaohong
    Zhang, Kun
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27788010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    bimetallic iron oxide
    thermal decomposition
    TKX-50
    catalysis
    mechanism
    Opis:
    Synthesized dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole-1,1’-diolate (TKX-50) owes its outstanding application prospects in the field of insensitive solid propellants not only to its high energetic performance but also to its low mechanical sensitivity. Based on the excellent catalytic activity of bimetallic iron oxides for the thermal decomposition of TKX-50, the catalytic mechanism of bimetallic iron oxides (NiFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4) for TKX-50 pyrolysis has been explored. For this study, the decomposition process of TKX-50, before and after mixing with the bimetallic iron oxides NiFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 was monitored by in-situ FTIR and gas-phase MS-FTIR instruments. Of the different catalysts, ZnFe2O4 gave the best result for reducing the initial decomposition temperature of TKX-50. Additionally, the activation energy of functional group cleavage of TKX-50, before and after mixing with ZnFe2O4, was also calculated for mechanism analysis from the results of the in-situ FTIR measurements. The results showed that the condensate and the gas-phase decomposition products of TKX-50 remained unchanged after mixing with different catalysts, while the activation energy of tetrazole ring cleavage was significantly reduced. The results of this study will be helpful for the rational design of insensitive solid propellant formulations containing TKX-50, and for understanding the pyrolysis mechanisms of TKX-50 before and after mixing with the efficient catalyst ZnFe2O4.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2021, 18, 2; 223--244
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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