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    Tytuł:
    A Pressure-Dependent Plasticity Model for Polymer Bonded Explosives under Confined Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Wei, Qiang
    Huang, Xi-cheng
    Chen, Peng-wan
    Liu, Rui
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27787985.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    polymer bonded explosives
    constitutive model
    damage model
    confining pressure
    mechanical response
    Opis:
    The safety of explosives is closely related to the stress state of the explosives. Under some stress stimulation, explosives may detonate abnormally. It is of great significance to accurately describe the mechanical response of explosives for the safety evaluation of explosives. The mechanical properties of polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) strongly depend on pressure. In this study, the mechanical behaviour of PBXs under confined conditions was investigated. It was found that the stress-plastic strain response of a PBX under high confining pressures is a combination of the non-linear and linear hardening portions. However, the linear hardening portion has often been neglected in characterizing the mechanical behaviour of a PBX under such pressures. The Karagozian and Case (K&C) model was applied to characterize the mechanical behaviour of PBXs. The numerical results demonstrated that when the confining pressure was high, the K&C model could not adequately match the experimental data due to the limitation of the damage model. Therefore, a new damage model was developed by means of considering intragranular damage and transgranular damage. This modification made it possible to introduce a linear hardening process into the original K&C model. The method proposed to describe the stress-strain results under high confining pressures was to consider the stress-plastic strain curve, including the nonlinear and linear hardening portions. The damage evolution of the original K&C model and a linear hardening model were applied for the nonlinear and linear hardening portions respectively. The influence of the linear hardening model on the damage evolution of the original K&C model was included when describing the nonlinear hardening portion. A comparison between simulation and experiment showed that the modified K&C model could well describe the mechanical response of PBXs under different confining pressures.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2021, 18, 3; 339--368
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Toluene Mono-nitration in a Semi-batch Reactor
    Autorzy:
    Chen, L. P.
    Chen, W. P.
    Liu, Y.
    Peng, J. H.
    Liu, R. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358853.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    toluene mono-nitration
    apparent activation energy
    semi-batch reaction
    thermal hazard
    Opis:
    Toluene mono-nitration in a semi-batch reactor was investigated with reaction calorimeter (RC1). The mixed acid HNO3/H2SO4/H2O (wt%) was used in proportion 13/66/21, which is similar to industrial parameters. The exothermic rates at different reaction temperatures were compared, and then the curves of heat generation rate after dosing were analyzed. The Maximal Temperature attainable by runaway of the desired Synthetic Reaction (MTSR) under different conditions were calculated for the course hazard evaluation. The results showed that the average reaction heat of mono-nitration was between 169.07~177.11 kJ mol-1, and the special heat of reactant was about 2 kJ kg-1 K-1. Average Ea of second order kinetic was about 30 kJ mol-1, and reaction rate was 10-4 mol s-1 l-1 order of magnitude when the strength of sulphuric acid was about 73.5%. It was also found that when temperature or stirring speed increases, the potential heat accumulation decreases.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2008, 5, 2; 37-47
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electrostatic Hazards Assessment of Nitramine Explosives: Resistivity, Charge Accumulation and Discharge Sensitivity
    Autorzy:
    Peng, Q.
    Cao, W.
    Zhou, W.
    He, Z.
    Jiang, W.
    Chen, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358757.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    nitramine explosives
    electrostatic hazards
    resistivity
    charging characteristics
    electrostatic discharge sensitivity
    Opis:
    The electrostatic hazards of nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX) were assessed in this paper. The resistivities of different particle-size RDX and HMX were tested by a device designed and manufactured according to the standard ISO/IEC 80079-20-2:2016. This work shows that the resistivities of uncompacted RDX and HMX increase as the particle size decreases. Charging characteristics test experiments were also carried out using a so-called sieve method. Using this method, the influence of aperture size on charge accumulation of RDX was studied, and the characteristics of electrostatic accumulation of different particle-size RDX and HMX sieved with 50 mesh standard sieve were compared. The results show that the absolute value of the charge accumulation increases as the mesh number increases (i.e. the aperture size decreases), and increases as the particle size is decreased, indicating that nano-sized RDX and nano-sized HMX accumulate static electricity more easily than conventional micron-sized ones. Finally, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity of nano-sized RDX and nano-sized HMX was investigated. Nano-sized nitramine explosives were found to have a higher ESD sensitivity than micron-sized ones.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 3; 755-769
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties, and Impact Sensitivity of Pressed HMX-based PBX
    Autorzy:
    Li, Yuxiang
    Wu, Peng
    Hua, Cheng
    Wang, Jun
    Huang, Bing
    Chen, Jin
    Qiao, Zhiqiang
    Yang, Guangcheng
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358006.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    nanoexplosives
    impact sensitivity
    particle size
    hot spot
    Opis:
    Submicron- and nano-explosives have attracted growing attention, while the mechanism of how particle size influences the impact sensitivity is not completely understood. In the present work, HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) based PBXs (plastic bonded explosives) of three particle size distributions (1-2 and 10-20 μm, and 100-300 nm) and two pressed densities (91%TMD and 79%TMD) were characterized and tested with a range of techniques to determine their mechanical and thermal properties and impact sensitivities. The results demonstrated that with decreased particle size, the mechanical strength as well as the thermal conductivity were dramatically improved, and the impact sensitivity was significant decreased. The structure of impacted samples suggested that the ignition mechanism is dependant on the particle size. Samples with higher density were more sensitive to impact, as the impact force acting on these samples was higher. The correlation between particle size and impact sensitivity is discussed in detail.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2019, 16, 2; 295-315
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dft investigation of a high energy density polynitro compound, 2,2’-Bis(trinitromethyl)-5,5’-azo-1,2,3,4- tetrazole
    Autorzy:
    Lin, H.
    Zhu, S. G.
    Chen, P. Y.
    Li, K.
    Li, H. Z.
    Peng, X. H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358030.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    polynitro
    electronic structure
    thermodynamic properties
    crystal structure
    detonation performance
    stability
    Opis:
    A novel polynitro compound, 2,2’-bis(trinitromethyl)-5,5’-azo- 1,2,3,4-tetrazole, was designed and investigated at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Its properties, such as electronic structure, IR spectrum, heat of formation, thermodynamic properties and crystal structure, were predicted. This compound is most likely to crystallize in the P21 space group, and the corresponding cell parameters are Z = 2, a = 5.46 Å, b = 9.72 Å, c = 14.05 Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°. In addition, the detonation velocity and pressure were also estimated by using the empirical Kamlet-Jacobs equations, and were predicted to be 8.28 km/s and 31.61 GPa respectively. The oxygen balance of this compound is +13.79%, which indicates that it could serve as an oxidizer. Bond dissociation energy calculations show that the C(13)-N(21)O2 and C(14)-N(30)O2 bonds are the locations of thermal decomposition and that this compounds meets the thermal stability requirements as an exploitable explosive. Keywords: polynitro, electronic structure, thermodynamic properties, crystal structure, detonation performance, stability.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 3; 325-338
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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