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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Retirees Are Also Stratified: Pre-Retirement Socio-Occupational Status and the Well-Being of Older Adults in Central Europe
    Autorzy:
    Večerník, Jiří
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790272.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-03-22
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    well-being
    seniors
    Central Europe
    social stratification
    Opis:
    Most stratification research concerns solely the economically active population and omits inactive seniors. Retirees are often treated as a separate and rather homogeneous social category. However, this approach is only partially valid. Retirees can still be differentiated in regard to their objective and subjective well-being, which is linked to their former occupations. Using large EU-SILC datasets for Central European countries, this article focuses on the effect of pre-retirement socio-occupational category on the well-being of retirees. The category is found to be an important explanatory variable after controlling for age, sex, marital status, and other characteristics. However, there are substantial differences among countries. While in Czechia, retirees are most homogeneous in regard to their objective and subjective well-being across socio-occupational categories, the differences are considerably larger in Hungary and Poland, and on a similar level as in our benchmark country, Austria.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2021, 213, 1; 27-46
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Empirical Research on Social Stratification in the Visegrád Countries: An Overview
    Autorzy:
    Nešpor, Zdeněk
    Večerník, Jiří
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22859452.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-03-20
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    empirical research
    social stratification
    Visegrád countries
    comparative surveys
    Opis:
    This article outlines developments in empirical research on social stratification in the four countries constituting currently the Visegrád Group (V4). Sociology has been developing, if unevenly, as a discipline in these countries since the 19th or early 20th century. Empirical research on social stratification, based on data collected in large surveys, started here by the mid-1960s, first in Poland, then in Hungary, and later in the former Czechoslovakia. In spite of the ideological pressure of the communist regimes in all of these countries, the conditions for sociological studies were much better in Poland and Hungary than in Czechoslovakia, where such research was frozen for a long time after the communist putsch of 1948 and again after the Soviet occupation in 1968. After 1990, this kind of research enjoyed an energetic new start in all the post-communist countries, as they opened fully to the West and integrated into international networks. In addition, comparative research within the V4 region started with the challenging project “Social Stratification in Eastern Europe after 1989.” Many national surveys were conducted and East-West cooperation intensified. Currently, most empirical research on social stratification occurs on a national or bilateral basis, or is developed within larger European projects.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2023, 221, 1; 4-26
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Horizontal Inequalities in Higher Education
    Autorzy:
    Zawistowska, Alicja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-09-27
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    horizontal educational inequality
    higher education
    stratification
    educational selection
    Opis:
    This paper aims to answer two questions concerning inequalities in tertiary education. First question concerns the effect of social origin on choice of field of study and the second question concerns the effect of gender. Existing research has demonstrated a significant relation between social background and the field of study. Individuals with more educated parents are more likely to study at prestigious faculties, such as law or medicine. Women are more willing than men to choose humanities and social studies whereas men more often choose technical studies. Will these patterns continue in the face of the rapid increase in number of students which began in Poland in the 1990s? A survey conducted in three state higher-education establishments in Białystok in 2008 shows that students’ choices continue to be affected both by social background and gender. We also found a significant relationship between the field of study and general risk-proneness. These results are explained in terms of three different theories: cultural capital, critical theory, and rational choice.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2011, 175, 3; 333-350
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preferred Levels of Income Inequality in a Period of Systemic Change: Analysis of Data from the Polish Panel Survey, POLPAN 1988–2003
    Autorzy:
    Kołczyńska, Marta
    Merry, Joseph J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810841.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06-24
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    stratification
    inequality
    economic attitudes
    panel analysis
    transition
    Polska
    Opis:
    Rising trends in economic inequality are well-established across many affluent nations. However, researchers have accrued considerably less knowledge regarding the economic attitudes and preferences of individuals living within the context of increasing inequality, especially in developing or transition countries. To gain leverage on this topic, we utilize data from Polish Panel Survey (POLPAN) from 1988–2003 to examine change over time in respondents’ preferred levels of income inequality. Results show that Poles tend to accept higher levels of income inequality over time. This effect increases with time, even after controlling for respondents’ meritocratic beliefs and attitudes toward state intervention. In addition, this rise in preferred income inequality changes in accordance with actual and perceived changes in the earnings distribution. After describing the patters of variation in acceptance of income inequality between different social groups, we discuss the implications of individuals’ evolving benchmarks for preferred levels of inequality.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2016, 194, 2; 171-190
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inequality in Access to Social Capital: Assessing the Role of Cultural Practices
    Autorzy:
    Cebula, Michał
    Perchla-Włosik, Aleksandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22858324.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12-13
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    social capital
    social networks
    cultural practices
    taste
    social stratification
    Opis:
    Previous research in social science established the existence of mutual relationship between cultural tastes and social networks. What is less known, however, is how this connectivity translates into tangible social benefits (social capital). By applying the resource generator tool, the article explores the extent to which access to different social resources (social capital) is related to pursuing different cultural activities, independent of social standing and network features. Empirically, the possibilities of locally representative survey data (N = 1010) from Poland (2017) are exploited. The analysis brings two main findings: (i) participation in elite culture is positively associated with better access to instrumental resources (lending money, job assistance), (ii) while popular culture is more relevant to “information and (cultural) influences” social capital and to general access to resources. The contribution of the study is to show that cultural consumption may assist in the accumulation of important social resources and thus contribute to solidifying social inequalities
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2023, 224, 4; 419-440
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Effect of Social Mobility on Cultural Barriers in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Domański, Henryk
    Przybysz, Dariusz
    Wyrzykowska, Katarzyna
    Zawadzka, Kinga
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22858329.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-27
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    social mobility
    cultural stratification
    social class barriers
    musical preferences
    Opis:
    The main aim of this article is to show to what extent social mobility weakens cultural barriers. The findings are based on the results of a study on the stratification of musical tastes conducted in Poland in 2019 on a nationwide random sample. We demonstrate that upwardly mobile individuals adapt more to their status of origin than to their new position. Our results also disconfirm hypotheses concerning the “socialization” of downwardly mobile individuals to the highbrow culture. It shows that individuals moving down are closer to the lower classes in participation in culture as compared to “stayers.” The results suggest an important shift: the upwardly mobile have ceased to translate their occupational success into a more esteemed culture to gain social approval. Respectively, the skidders do not resist the status implications of downward mobility by denying failure and striving to compensate socio-economic degradation with sharing their tastes with their status peers.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2023, 223, 3; 353-368
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Barriers of the Selection to Secondary and University-Level Education
    Autorzy:
    Domański, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-12-29
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    educational inequality
    barriers of selection
    social stratification
    post-communist societies
    Opis:
    This paper analyses educational inequalities in Poland over the last two decades. Using data from national surveys carried out during the period 1982–2002 these results provide insight into the relationship between social origin and transition to secondary schools and university levels. Transition to both secondary school and universities are unquestionably selective by social class. The only question is whether these patterns have changed over the last two decades, when the communist regime collapsed and new inequalities emerged. Previous cross-time analyses for most countries showed a lack of substantial changes in educational inequalities over long periods of time. The main findings of the investigation can be summarised as follows. First, it showed that the effect of the class position of the father significantly increased in the 1990s, and then-until 2002-it declined to the degree of the 1980s, before the communist system collapsed. Second, in accordance with the findings of all previous studies, secondary school transition proved to be more selective as compared to that to the university level.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 156, 4; 471-488
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Is there Today Caste System or there is only Caste in India?
    Autorzy:
    Sharma, KANHAYA L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929960.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-07-09
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    caste system
    caste society
    stratification
    social mobility
    caste-free areas
    Opis:
    The main focus of the paper is that caste system has always been resilient and dynamic due to its inner inconsistencies and contradictions on the one hand, and due to its interpenetration into economy, polity and culture on the other. The aim of this paper is to understand continuity and change in the caste system. Caste has engaged people, hence it has acquired a meta-legal approval. Caste has never been a simple ritual hierarchy because it has encompassed the entire matrix of socio-economic and political relations. It has been argued that there is a need to reconceptualize caste. Caste is no more simply a system of idea and values. More important is to see actual behaviour of the people vis-à-vis the role of caste as a system. Caste has become a matter of interpretation rather than substantialization. It refers to a purposive rationality. Its discrete use provides a description of the problems of Indian society, polity and economy. However, besides caste, there are new status groups, varied forms of social mobility, and structural processes of change and dominance. In such a situation, “family” and “individual” are emerging as agencies of reproduction of inequality/equality. Caste is becoming more of a state of mind of an individual. Contemporary changes have reshaped caste. The policy of reservations based on caste has kept it alive and vibrant. Protests against caste-based reservations have also contributed to the continuity of caste. Caste may be elusive for some who have distanced from their social and cultural roots, but for others, who continue to be there in villages and towns, caste is enduring, and it is there in practice in one way or other. At times, caste-based outbursts surface, though in everyday life, caste is not so visible as a means of social control.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2012, 178, 2; 245-264
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Omnivorism of Eating and ‘Highbrow–Lowbrow’ Distinction: Cultural Stratification in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Domański, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790796.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09-14
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    social stratification
    omnivorism
    patterns of eating
    highbrow and lowbrows
    lifestyle
    Opis:
    The idea of the cultural omnivore is increasingly popular. Research in this vein argues that upper-middle class individuals prefer an above-average diversity of art, and that this diversity of tastes is the new marker of high status. Using data from the 2013 national survey, the current study replicates studies carried out in Western societies with respect to patterns of eating. By analyzing the preferences of tastes I try to establish, first-whether omnivorism in eating is mostly displayed among representatives of highbrow culture, referred to intelligentsia, second-to what extent it replaces hierarchical distinction between highbrow and lowbrow categories. It confirms that omnivorism in eating in Poland exists and dominates among higher managers and specialists-they overrun owners, middle lower classes, working class and farmers. Furthermore, although the cultural omnivorism is a new taste pattern, it correlates strongly with the cultural division in highbrow and lowbrow categories.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2017, 199, 3; 299-314
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Evolution of the Concept of “Ethnic Minority” in Latvian Sociology in the Period 1991–2009
    Autorzy:
    Volkov, Vladislav
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929596.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-03-22
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    ethnicminority
    ethno-sociological research
    ethnic stratification
    ethnic self-identity
    interethnic
    dialogue
    Collective identity
    Opis:
    The article reveals the evolution of the concept of “ethnic minority” in Latvian sociology. Sociologists’ research carried out in the first half of the 1990s showed the impossibility of applying the concept of “ethnic minority” to all ethnic groups in Latvia. During the 2000s, multicultural ideas of Latvian sociologists about a multi-ethnic Latvian society are taking on more special significance. The concept of “ethnic minority” also is important for the clarification of a concrete issue: in what way is the Russian ethnic group, as the largest ethnic minority, “built in” to the civil community and the Latvian national state.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2010, 169, 1; 99-114
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stability and Change in Household Computer Possession in Poland: Analysis of Structural Determinants
    Autorzy:
    Green, Brian E.
    Kryszczuk, Maciej D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    informational society
    personal computers
    internet
    digital divide
    informatization
    social change
    occupational structure
    social stratification
    structural determinants
    Opis:
    This article expresses the results from a set of analyses that had the following goals: 1) to describe the nature and process of informatization in Poland from 1988 to 2003; 2) to understand the factors that contribute to the digital divide in Poland; and 3) to contribute to the theoretical discourses on social dynamics and modernization. Studying the development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Poland is useful for both theoretical and methodological reasons. In 1989 the penetration of digital technology was low, however in 15 years since then, informatization has progressed to the point where it is on par with the rest of Western Europe and North America. This provides a good opportunity for examining the factors associated with the digital divide. Furthermore, as Poland developed intensely over a short period of time, it is likely to demonstrate a pattern similar to those countries which will go through the digital revolution in coming decades.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 154, 2; 243-256
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Computerization of Polish Households in Social Structural Perspective: a Dynamic Analysis of the Informatization Process over 20 years
    Autorzy:
    Green, Brian E.
    Kryszczuk, Maciej D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929585.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-01-05
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
    Tematy:
    informational society
    personal computers
    internet
    digital divide
    informatization
    social
    change
    occupational structure
    social stratification
    structural determinants
    Opis:
    This article, as a continuation of our previous paper Stability and Change in Household Computer Possession in Poland: Analysis of Structural Determinants, expresses the results from a set of analyses that had the following goals: 1) to describe the nature and process of informatization in Poland from 1988 to 2008; 2) to understand the factors that contribute to the digital divide in Poland; and 3) to contribute to the theoretical discourses on social dynamics and modernization. Studying the development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Poland is useful for both theoretical and methodological reasons. In 1988 the penetration of digital technology was low, however in 20 years since then, informatization has progressed to the point where it is on par with the rest of Western Europe and North America. This provides a good opportunity for examining the factors associated with the digital divide. Furthermore, as Poland developed intensely over a short period of time, it is likely to demonstrate a pattern similar to those countries which will go through the digital revolution in coming decades.
    Źródło:
    Polish Sociological Review; 2010, 168, 4; 595-606
    1231-1413
    2657-4276
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Sociological Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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