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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the ecological effectiveness of passenger transport by jets of various sizes
    Autorzy:
    Kardach, Monika
    Galant, Marta
    Fuć, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133210.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    LTO cycle
    jet aircraft
    air transport emission
    cykl LTO
    samolot odrzutowy
    emisja z transportu lotniczego
    Opis:
    The article’s aim was to compare an ecological effectiveness of a common jetliner with 189 passenger capacity flying on two CFM engines and a very light jet business aircraft designed to carry up to 8 people on board. The carried-out analysis showed that the NOx emission per passenger in Very Light Jet (VLJ) is three times higher than in common jet airliner, furthermore there is 15 times difference in CO emission. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be stated that it is appropriate to extend the certification of engines to smaller units, as well as to adjust the LTO test beyond laboratory conditions.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 252-256
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the impact of wind on fuel consumption and emissions of harmful exhaust gas compounds on the selected flight route
    Autorzy:
    Galant, Marta
    Kurzawska, Paula
    Maciejewska, Marta
    Kardach, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134041.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    LTO cycle
    impact of wind
    emission
    fuel consumption
    cykl LTO
    wpływ wiatru
    emisja
    zużycie paliwa
    Opis:
    The article discusses the issue of the impact of wind force and direction on fuel consumption and the emission of harmful exhaust gases on the selected flight route. The focus was on percentage changes in fuel consumption and emissions of individual harmful exhaust gas compounds depending on the wind speed and the direction from which it interacts with the aircraft. The analysis was carried out for three different flight levels, in order to compare changes in fuel consumption and emissions also in terms of flight altitude, however the following article focuses only on one level - FL240.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 93-101
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment methods of the basic parameters of the combustion process in reciprocating internal combustion engines
    Autorzy:
    Lejda, Kazimierz
    Warianek, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133220.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    combustion process
    combustion process parameters
    indicator diagram
    engine operation cycles
    proces spalania
    parametry procesu spalania
    wykres indykatorowy
    cykl pracy silnika
    Opis:
    The article presents selected methods of assessing the basic parameters of the combustion process, as well as assessing the usability and limitations of the methods used to determine the initiation and the end of the combustion process in reciprocating internal combustion engines. The methods considered are based on data contained in real, developed indicator diagrams. Basic thermodynamic assumptions and the scope of application of the combustion process evaluation method based on the actual work cycle of a combustion engine prepared in a double logarithmic scale were discussed. The article also mentions the application of the following methods: a direct pressure comparison method in the cylinder, the comparison of the first pressure derivative in the cylinder, logarithmic derivative meth-od of pressure change in the cylinder, the method of the polytropic index, method of the first derivative of the polytropic index and the method of constant values of the polytropic index. The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of the research of our methods.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 21-26
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of exhaust emission from the most commonly used aircrafts with implementation LTO cycle to operating conditions
    Autorzy:
    Maciejewska, Marta
    Galant, Marta
    Fuć, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133262.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    LTO cycle
    toxic exhaust gas emission
    airlines fleet
    adaptation
    operating conditions
    LTO adaptation
    cykl LTO
    emisja toksycznych składników spalin
    flota linii lotniczych
    adaptacja
    warunki eksploatacyjne
    Opis:
    The LTO cycle (Landing and Take-off cycle) is a research method used for jet engines certification. The measurements are performed in stationary conditions. With the development of aviation, the LTO test started to be carried out more often, but not for its’ original purpose. A new aim was an assessment impact of aircraft movement on environment in airports area. LTO cycle consists of four phases (according to ICAO Annex 16): take-off, climb out, approach and taxi/idle. Every airport has different infrastructure, what affects on time during basic flight operations especially for a taxi phase. To rate exhaust emission from aircrafts during basic fly operations duration time should be adjusted to every single airport. As a research area Poznań-Ławica Airport which is located in Poland, was adopted. Based on parameters calculated specially for this airport it is possible to computed there emission from the mostly used aircraft.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 198-203
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions in WLTP and NEDC procedures
    Autorzy:
    Koszałka, Grzegorz
    Szczotka, Andrzej
    Suchecki, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133855.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    exhaust emissions
    fuel consumption
    driving cycle
    type approval
    chassis dynamometer
    emisje spalin
    zużycie paliwa
    cykl jezdny
    homologacja
    hamownia podwoziowa
    Opis:
    Fuel consumption achieved in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) could be 50% lower than the fuel consumption in real driving conditions and in the case of emissions of regulated toxic compounds the differences could even be much greater. In order to bring the results achieved in official tests closer to real life figures, the European Commission introduced in 2017 the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP), which replaced the NEDC. In this article the results of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions for 3 cars fitted with engines of the same displacement but with direct and indirect gasoline injection, determined according to the NEDC and WLTC were presented. The results show that the effect of driving cycle on the fuel consumption is equivocal - for one car, fuel consumption was higher in the WLTC; for the other one in the NEDC; and for the third one, fuel consumption achieved in both driving cycles was practically the same. Emissions of regulated exhaust compounds, except for THC, obtained in the WLTC were higher than in the NEDC driving cycle.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 186-191
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of water injection to the fuel and air mixture on equilibrium gas composition in combustion products and selected parameters of the theoretical Otto cycle
    Autorzy:
    Sucheta, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134063.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    intake air humidification
    water injection
    Otto cycle
    equilibrium
    nawilżanie powietrza
    wtrysk wody
    cykl Otto
    równowaga
    Opis:
    Moisturizing the intake air by spraying water in the liquid phase significantly lowers the intake air temperature, mainly due to the high value of latent heat of evaporation. The paper presents a methodology for calculating the parameters of the air-fuel mixture after water injection and during subsequent processes of the Otto cycle: compression, combustion and expansion of exhaust gases. For octane as a fuel, exemplary calculations have been carried out to investigate the effect of water injection on the composition of combustion products and selected parameters of the theoretical Otto cycle (temperature, pressure, output power and thermal efficiency).
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 2; 95-102
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Emissions of a Euro 5 motorcycle over the world harmonized motorcycle test cycle (WMTC)
    Autorzy:
    Giechaskiel, Barouch
    Melas, Anastasios
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097518.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    L-category
    motorcycle
    particle emissions
    fuel consumption
    WMTC
    World Harmonized Motorcycle Test Cycle
    kategoria L
    motocykl
    emisja cząstek
    zużycie paliwa
    Światowy Zharmonizowany Cykl Badań Motocykli
    Opis:
    The Euro 5 limits for L-category vehicles are applicable since 2020 and for this reason there is lack of studies examining the emissions of this category. In this study we tested a 1000 cm3 Euro 5 motorcycle over the World Harmonized Motorcycle Test Cycle (WMTC). The gaseous pollutants were approximately half of their respective limits. The cold start (first 2 minutes) contributed to the majority of the emissions. The solid particle number emissions were also 6.5 times below the limit for passenger cars, but the particles not counted with the current methodology were around 2 times higher. High concentrations of volatiles were emitted at the high speed part of the cycle.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 2; 21--25
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improving the effective efficiency of a spark ignition engine through the use of a fully independent valve control system
    Autorzy:
    Żmudka, Zbigniew
    Postrzednik, Stefan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097609.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    SI engine
    theoretical cycle
    charge exchange
    engine efficiency
    independent valve control
    silnik ZI
    cykl teoretyczny
    wymiana ładunku
    sprawność silnika
    niezależne sterowanie zaworami
    Opis:
    The article presents theoretical research of the proposed system of fully independent valve control (FIVC) of the SI engine. The analysis included controlling the movement of the intake valves, which results in adjusting the mass of the fresh charge to the current engine load, as well as the movement of the exhaust valves, where the main aim is to keep the rest of the exhaust gas in the cylinder, i.e. implementation of internal EGR. The open theoretical Seiliger-Sabathe cycle with the classic throttle regulation of load is the reference cycle for assessment of benefits and study of the effectiveness of obtaining work as a result of application of the FIVC system. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of application of the proposed system was carried out based on the selected quantities: fuel dose, cycle work, relative work of charge exchange and cycle efficiency. The use of the FIVC to regulate the SI engine load makes it possible to eliminate the throttle and thus reduce the charge exchange work, especially in the partial load range. And this then leads to an increase in internal and effective work, which in turn results in an increase in the effective energy efficiency of an engine operation.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 4; 30--35
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena fluktuacji składu mieszanki wysterowanej z cyklu na cykl w silniku z pośrednim wtryskiem benzyny
    Estimation of cycle-to-cycle variations of the air-fuel ratio in an engine with indirect gasoline injection
    Autorzy:
    Nita, J.
    Wołczyński, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133819.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    silnik benzynowy
    napełnienie cylindra
    cyklowy skład mieszanki
    sterowanie z cyklu na cykl
    spark ignition engine
    cylinder fill
    cycle-to-cycle air-fuel ratio
    cycle-to-cycle control
    Opis:
    W publikacji przedstawiono wyniki badań nad fluktuacją wysterowanego składu mieszanki paliwowo-powietrznej w wolnossącym silniku o zapłonie iskrowym z wtryskiem pośrednim wielopunktowym benzyny. Skład mieszanki wysterowano według opracowanego we własnym zakresie algorytmu. Jego znamienną cechą jest konstytuowanie mieszanki w cylindrze o wymaganym składzie w trybie z cyklu na cykl. Ocenę fluktuacji tak wysterowanego składu mieszanki wykonano na bazie wyników z badań hamownianych silnika w wybranych stanach ustalonych i przejściowych. Otrzymane wyniki porównano z wynikami przedstawionymi w pracy [1], uzyskanymi dla fabrycznego sterowania w tym silniku. Analiza porównawcza wykazała obniżenie fluktuacji składu mieszanki wysterowanej opracowanym systemem. Badania wskazały ponadto kierunki dalszego doskonalenia opracowanego sposobu sterowania.
    The paper presents results of investigation on cycle-to-cycle variations of the air-fuel ratio in a naturally-aspirated spark ignition engine with an indirect multipoint fuel injection. The air-fuel ratio was controlled with the application of an algorithm developed by the authors. Its characteristic feature is the ability to adjust a required air-fuel ratio from cycle to cycle. Estimation of cycle-to-cycle variations was carried out on the basis of the engine test bed investigation under transient and steady operating conditions. The obtained results were compared to those presented in [1], obtained for manufacturer's parameters. The comparative analysis has revealed decreased variations of the air-fuel ratio controlled with the application of the developed system. Additionally, the results indicated further improvement directions of the developed control system.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 1002-1010
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Representativeness of emissions of toxic substances in bench tests reflecting the road traffic conditions of a vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniowski, Piotr
    Gis, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133793.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    driving cycle
    road tests
    emission of toxic substances
    chassis dynamometer
    synthesis of road tests
    cykl jezdny
    badania drogowe
    emisja substancji toksycznych
    hamownia podwoziowa
    synteza testów jezdnych
    Opis:
    The results of measurements of exhaust emissions in real road traffic differ significantly from the results of stationary homologation tests. One of the solutions, helpful in determining the actual emission, is the creation of stationary exhaust emission tests simulating the use of the vehicle on the road. The article presents the method of reconstructing the synthetic driving test obtained on the basis of road tests and presents the obtained profile of the speed course. The authors discussed the reasonableness of selecting the emission component determining the correctness of the representativity of the stationary test obtained, which determines the amount of work done by the engine.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 2; 88-90
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The hybrid concept of turboshaft engine working according to Humphrey cycle dedicated to variety power demand - CFD analysis
    Autorzy:
    Tarnawski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202460.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    pressure gain combustion
    Humphrey cycle
    turbine engine
    CFD analysis
    valve timing system
    isochoric combustion
    engine energy efficiency
    sealing system
    spalanie powodujące wzrost ciśnienia
    cykl Humphreya
    silnik turbinowy
    analiza CFD
    układ rozrządu
    spalanie izochoryczne
    sprawność energetyczna silnika
    system uszczelniający
    Opis:
    The paper presents a new concept of the turbine engine in the area of pressure gain combustion (PGE). The engine works according to Humphrey’s cycle. Minor modification in construction has allowed power generation of 500 kW, 700 kW, 1000 kW, and 1800 kW. The concept successfully resolved the challenges related to the temporary opening and closing of the combustion chamber. The presented valve timing system has ensured effective gas flow and what stands behind it, an effective process of conversion of a high-pressure gas impulse into mechanical energy. Rotating combustion chambers enabled the application of an effective sealing system. The concept characterizes simple construction and potentially low power-to-weight coefficient. The CFD numerical analysis of the presented engine concept showed very promising effective efficiency and low specific fuel consumption.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2023, 62, 2; 129--136
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Throttleless control of SI engine load by fully flexible inlet valve actuation system
    Autorzy:
    Żmudka, Z.
    Postrzednik, S.
    Przybyła, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133835.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    spark-ignition engine
    variable valve actuation
    early inlet valve closure
    theoretical cycle
    charge exchange process
    cycle efficiency
    silnik o zapłonie iskrowym
    cykl teoretyczny
    wydajność cyklu
    Opis:
    A system with independent, early inlet valve closure (EIVC) has been analysed. The open, theoretical cycle has been assumed as a model of processes proceeding in the engine with variable inlet valve actuation. The system has been analysed individually and comparatively with open Seiliger-Sabathe cycle which is theoretical cycle for the classic throttle governing of engine load. The influence of EIVC on fuel economy, cycle work, relative charge exchange work and cycle efficiency has been theoretically investigated. The use of the analysed system to governing of an engine load will enable to eliminate a throttling valve from inlet system and reduce the charge exchange work, especially within the range of partial load. The decrease of the charge exchange work leads to an increase of the internal and effective works, which results in an increase of the effective efficiency of the spark ignition engine.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 1; 44-48
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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