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Tytuł:
On line engine oil consumption monitoring via the gaseous total sulfur signal SO2 in the raw exhaust of the engine utilizing the sensitive ion molecule reaction mass spectrometry
Autorzy:
Leidlmair, C.
Weissnicht, A.
Federer, W.
Villinger, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
engine oil consumption
oil consumption monitoring
spectrometry
zużycie oleju silnikowego
monitorowanie zużycia oleju
spektrometria
Opis:
The dynamic monitoring of oil consumption in IC engines is approached with various techniques ranging from radioactive counting to detection of halogenated tracer compounds or polyaromatic hydrocarbon tracers, to monitoring unburned hydrocarbons as residues from engine oil. This article discusses the method of gaseous SO2 measurement in raw exhaust it's benefits and limitations of today’s status. Modern engines consume about 2 to 5 g/h of engine oil under low and medium load but consumption may go up to 130 g/h in negative load conditions. Particulate filters must be desulfated every 5000 km even when sulfur free fuel is in use. For the oil measurement in the raw exhaust all possible Sulfur compounds are converted to SO2 in a hot oxidizing atmosphere. Additional pure oxygen in the form of ozone is added to the oxidizer for very low lambda engine conditions and the conversion of sulfur on particulates into SO2. A sensitive mass spectrometer operating in an ion molecule ionization mode measures gaseous SO2 from concentrations of 0.02 ppm to 50 ppm in measurement cycles from 2 Hz to 0.2 Hz depending on if long term measurement or dynamic operation is chosen. Technical description of pressure reduction, gas transfer, oxidation efficiencies and lower detection levels of the instrumentation are given as well as data on a complete engine map and data on reproducibility of the SO2 method are presented.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2016, 55, 3; 34-38
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Usage of wing in ground effect to maintain lift force with reduced fuel consumption of aircraft
Autorzy:
Rojewski, A.
Bartoszewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
ekranoplan
numerical analysis
fuel consumption
jet engine
energy consumption
analiza numeryczna
zużycie paliwa
silnik odrzutowy
zużycie energii
Opis:
The main purpose of this article was to point out causes of reduced fuel consumption in aircraft jet engine when aircraft is in ground effect influence. Wing in ground effect occurs in the direct proximity of ground. The paper presents wing in ground effect description, with the numerical analysis of NACA M8 airfoil in three different conditions of flight. Numerical analysis was conduct in Ansys Fluent 17.2 software. The paper shows results of simulations which describes wing in ground effect influence on NACA M8 airfoil with two cases of jet engine exhaust gasses usage, first with exhaust gasses stream turns on upper airfoil surface, and second with exhaust gasses stream turns under lower airfoil surface. Results allow to define characteristics of NACA M8 airfoil in the influence of wing in ground effect which are lift coefficient, drag coefficient, drop of fuel consumption usage by the jet engine when lift force remains still in the wing in ground effect. The paper shows that in the wing in ground effect aircraft energy usage for flight in ground effect is smaller than for free air flight.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 2; 158-161
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy consumption of a passenger car with a hybrid powertrain in real traffic conditions
Autorzy:
Bieniek, Andrzej
Graba, Mariusz
Mamala, Jarosław
Prażnowski, Krzysztof
Hennek, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
energy consumption
hybrid vehicle
road tests
energy consumption analysis
zużycie energii
napęd hybrydowy
testy drogowe
analiza zużycia energii
Opis:
The analysis of energy consumption in a hybrid drive system of a passenger car in real road conditions is an important factor determining its operational indicators. The article presents energy consumption analysis of a car equipped with an advanced Plug-in Hybrid Electric Drive (PHEV), driving in real road conditions on a test section of about 51 km covered in various environmental conditions and seasons. Particular attention was paid to the energy consumption resulting from the cooperation of two independent drive units, analyzed in terms of the total energy expenditure. The energy consumption obtained from fuel and energy collected from the car’s batteries for each run over the total distance of 12 500 km was summarized. The instantaneous values of energy consumption for the hybrid drive per kilometer of distance traveled in car’s real operating conditions range from 0.6 to 1.4 MJ/km, with lower values relating to the vehicle operation only with electric drive. The upper range applies to the internal combustion engine, which increases not only the energy expenditure in the TTW (Tank-to-Wheel) system, but also CO2 emissions to the environment. Based on the experimental data, the curves of total energy consumption per kilometer of the road section traveled were determined, showing a close correlation with the actual operating conditions. Obtained values were compared with homologation data from the WLTP test of the tested passenger car, where the average value of energy demand is 1.1 MJ/km and the CO2 emission is 23 g/km.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 4; 15--22
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podstawy modelowania emisji zanieczyszczeń oraz zużycia paliwa i energii dla silników spalinowych pojazdów samochodowych
The modeling basis of the pollutant emission and the fuel and energy consumption for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles
Autorzy:
Chłopek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
silniki spalinowe
emisja zanieczyszczeń
zużycie paliwa
zużycie energii
modelowanie
internal combustion engines
pollutant emission
fuel consumption
energy consumption
modeling
Opis:
Emisja zanieczyszczeń z silnika spalinowego jest zdeterminowana stanem pracy silnika, który jest zależny od zjawisk charakteryzujących obciążenie silnika, jego prędkość obrotową oraz stan cieplny. W modelowaniu całkowitej emisji zanieczyszczeń z pojazdów samochodowych wyróżniono modelowanie: struktury pojazdów ze względu na ich zastosowanie, liczności i intensywności użytkowania pojazdów poszczególnych kategorii, sposobów użytkowania samochodów oraz charakterystyk emisji zanieczyszczeń w zależności od stanu pracy silnika.
The pollutant emission from a combustion engine is determined operating state of the engine, which is based on the phenomena characterizing the engine load, the speed and the thermal state. In modeling of the total pollutant emission from motor vehicles awarded modeling: structures of vehicles due to their use, multiplicity and intensity of the various categories of vehicles, vehicle use patterns and characteristics of the pollutant emission of according to engine operating condition.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 177-185
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of the use of comfort devices on the exhaust emission from a hybrid vehicle
Autorzy:
Siedlecki, Maciej
Merkisz, Jerzy
Kubiak, Kamil
Rymaniak, Łukasz
Dobrzyński, Michał
Gallas, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
emission
hybrid
fuel consumption
emisja
hybryda
zużycie paliwa
Opis:
Vehicles are equipped with more and more devices to improve the comfort of traveling. They are usually powered by electricity generated by the engine, which translates into an increase in its loads and, as a consequence, fuel consumption and emission. However, there is no information about the possible increase in the amount of other harmful components contained in the exhaust gases. Often this result is inadequate to that obtained during the operation of the vehicle, where the obtained fuel consumption is higher. As part of this article, tests were carried out in real hybrid vehicle traffic conditions on the same test route using an analyzer from the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) ¬ SEMTECH DS Sensors Inc. The analysis of gaseous components of exhaust gases together with the exhaust mass flow probe and the GPS system made it possible to calculate the pollutant emission. On this basis, the actual mileage fuel consumption of the tested vehicle was calculated using the road emission of carbon-containing compounds (carbon balance method).
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 280-285
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of pollutant emissions and fuel consumption for the use of a multi-storey carpark
Autorzy:
Andrzejewski, Maciej
Nowak, Mateusz
Woch, Aleksandra
Stefańska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
real driving emissions
exhaust emissions
fuel consumption
energy consumption
parking
rzeczywista emisja cząstek
emisja spalin
zużycie paliw
zużycie energii
parkowanie
Opis:
In Poland, the number of vehicles owned per capita is systematically increasing. There is also a noticeable increase in traffic in large urban agglomerations. This creates a number of problems, such as difficulties in finding a parking spot. Then it becomes necessary to search for a long time to stop, which is correlated with higher emission of harmful substances and energy consumption. The aim of the work is a multi-criteria analysis of the selection of a parking spot at a shopping center focused on travel times, pollutant emissions and fuel consumption. In addition, consideration was given to the selection of the optimal parking spot. The tests were carried out in Real Driving Conditions similar to Real Driving Emissions testing. The procedure, currently used as an extension of the type-approval tests, reflects the actual exhaust emissions from vehicles more accurately than tests under laboratory conditions. Specialized PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) apparatus was used for the measurements.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 4; 46--51
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operational energy footprint of vehicle
Autorzy:
Sitnik, Lech J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
transport
vehicle
energy
consumption
long term
footprint
pojazd
energia
zużycie
Opis:
One of the many important challenges of the modern world is the greenhouse effect of CO2. It is necessary to implement solutions that will eliminate it. Since the easiest way to eliminate the greenhouse effect is to reduce hydrocarbons fuel consumption, it is important to evaluate the fuel (energy) consumption in long term operation. The article presents a proposal for the use of the so-called vehicle energy footprint. The method of creating such a trace is presented and illustrated with specific results of data analyzes. The data is publicly available, which means that the presented method can be independently verified. It has also been shown that the use of the method not only organizes the analyzes, but also leads to information that cannot be obtained with other methods. It therefore seems that an attractive tool has been developed for future applications.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 3; 37--40
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekologiczne i ekonomiczne aspekty eksploatacji różnych konfiguracji napędów autobusów miejskich
Environmental and economic aspects of operation of various configurations of urban bus drive systems
Autorzy:
Fuć, P.
Lijewski, P.
Bajerlein, M.
Galant, M.
Siedlecki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
autobusy
zużycie paliwa
napęd alternatywny
buses
fuel consumption
alternative drivetrain
Opis:
Warunki pracy układów napędowych montowanych w autobusach miejskich powodują, że zespół napędowy pracuje w znacznym zakresie zmian mocy, prędkości obrotowej oraz sprawności napędu. Dodatkowo częste hamowania powodują nieodwracalną zamianę energii kinetycznej na ciepło, a także przyczyniają się do wzrostu ilości szkodliwych składników gazów wylotowych emitowanych przez pojazdy. Z uwagi na taką charakterystykę pracy producenci autobusów miejskich poszukują nowych konfiguracji napędów, pozwalających na ograniczenie negatywnego wpływu transportu miejskiego na środowisko naturalne. Poza emisją szkodliwych składników gazów wylotowych ważnym czynnikiem oceny napędów, w tym silników spalinowych, jest zużycie energii – paliwa. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera zestawienie ekologicznych i ekonomicznych aspektów eksploatacji pojazdów komunikacji zbiorowej w aglomeracjach miejskich. Analiza obejmuje napędy konwencjonalne, jednostki zasilane paliwami alternatywnymi oraz autobusy elektryczne.
The conditions of the drive systems installed in urban buses make the drive system operate in a substantially changing ranges of power, rotational speed and drive performance. In addition, frequent braking causes irreversible conversion of kinetic energy into heat, and also contributes to increasing the amount of harmful exhaust gases emitted by the vehicles. Due to this operating characteristic of urban busses manufacturers are looking for new drive system configurations, allowing for the reduction of the negative impact of urban transport on the environment. In addition to the emissions of harmful components of exhaust gases an important factor in the assessment of drive systems, including internal combustion engines is the energy consumption - or fuel consumption. This article provides an overview of environmental and economic aspects of the operation of public transport vehicles in urban areas. The analysis includes conventional drives, units powered by alternative fuels and electric buses.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 810-815
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling the fuel consumption by a HEV vehicle - a case study
Autorzy:
Lisowski, Maciej
Gołębiewski, Wawrzyniec
Prajwowski, Konrad
Danilecki, Krzysztof
Radwan, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
hybrid electric vehicle
fuel consumption
model predictive control
factory control
energy consumption
hybrydowy pojazd elektryczny
zużycie paliwa
sterowanie predykcyjne
kontrola produkcji
zużycie energii
Opis:
The article presents a mathematical model demonstrating the synergy of HEV energetic machines in accordance with the model predictive control. Then the results of road tests are presented. They were based on the factory control of the above-mentioned system. The results of the operating parameters of the system according to the factory control and the results of the operating parameters according to the model predictive control were compared. On their basis, it could be concluded that the model predictive control contributed to changes in the power and electrochemical charge level of the energy storage system from 50.1% (the beginning) to 56.1% (the end of course) and for MPC from 50.1% (the beginning) to 59.9% (the end of the course). The applied MPC with 13 reference trajectories (LQT) of power machines of the series-parallel HEV allowed for fuel savings on the level of 4%.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2023, 62, 2; 71--83
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ profilu prędkości na rozdział przepływu mocy w napędzie hybrydowym
The influence of the velocity profile on the distribution of power flows in a hybrid vehicle
Autorzy:
Sosik, P.
Tarkowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
napęd hybrydowy
energochłonność
przepływ energii
Toyota Prius
hybrid
energy consumption
energy flow
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono przegląd rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych napędów hybrydowych obecnie stosowanych. Zaprezentowano analizę zakresów pracy systemu hybrydowego zastosowane w Toyocie Prius w oparciu o przeprowadzone badania podczas jazdy miejskiej. Możliwość zapisu wybranych parametrów pracy napędu hybrydowego i zestawienie ich z parametrami takimi jak profil prędkości i zużycie paliwa umożliwia przeprowadzenie analizy energochłonności pojazdów z napędem hybrydowym. Analiza energochłonności umożliwia diagnostykę napędu hybrydowego, pozwala na optymalizację konstrukcji napędu oraz wspiera rozwój technologii proekologicznych.
This paper presents an overview of currently used solutions for hybrid vehicle designs. It also presents an analysis in the scope of work for the Toyota Prius hybrid system, based on research carried out in urban areas. The ability to save selected parameters of the hybrid as well as a summary of these parameters such as the velocity profile and fuel consumption, allows analyzing the energy consumption in hybrid vehicles. An analysis of the energy consumption provides the diagnosis of the hybrid drive, which allows you to optimize the design of the propulsion, and supports the development of environmental causes.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2013, 52, 3; 500-508
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of motor vehicle operation for the evaluation of pollutant emission and fuel consumption
Autorzy:
Chłopek, Z.
Biedrzycki, J.
Lasocki, J.
Wójcik, P.
Samson-Bręk, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134075.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
vehicle driving test cycles
pollutant emission
fuel consumption
emisja zanieczyszczeń
zużycie paliwa
Opis:
A novel approach to modelling of motor vehicle operation by employing special test cycles threated as realizations of the stochastic process of vehicle velocity is presented. The families of test cycles were designed to simulate driving conditions in street congestion, urban, extra-urban, and high-speed traffic. The data necessary for the development of test cycles was obtained in the empirical investigations conducted in real road traffic. The recorded velocity time-histories were analysed in the time, frequency, and process value domains. Fragments of the velocity vs. time curves, representative for the considered driving conditions, were selected to design test cycles. The statistical examination of those test cycles demonstrated that individual process realizations are similar to each other and to all the process realizations recorded during the empirical tests.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 156-163
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The development status of electric (BEV) and hydrogen (FCEV) passenger cars park in the world and new research possibilities of these cars in real traffic conditions
Autorzy:
Gis, Wojciech
Merkisz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133019.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
energy
electric cars
RDE
consumption
fuel cell
energia
samochody elektryczne
zużycie
ogniwo paliwowe
Opis:
Major markets across the European Union (EU) are concentrated on rapid development of electromobility. This policy is demonstrated - among others - by recent sales of electric cars: within the past 3 quarters of 2018 - 24.7 thousand electric cars have been registered in Germany, 20.3 thousand in France, 15.3 thousand in the Netherlands and 31.4 thousand in Norway. Unfortunately, only 867 EVs have been registered in Hungary, 469 in the Czech Republic, 468 in Romania, 411 in Poland and 348 in Slovenia. Unit energy consumption of electric cars was often defined in NEDC cycle. In real conditions of road traffic, it may differ from values recorded in a drive cycle. The article presents results of a study on energy consumption of electric cars in Poland along RDE (Real Driving Emissions) testing route in terms of vehicle energy consumption per drive unit (km, 100 km). The use of fuel cells in cars may bring a change in the type of used vehicles in the long run. Both globally and in the EU wide-ranging actions are undertaken to implement fuel cell technology. Also, the infrastructure of hydrogen filling stations is developed. At present the most rapidly developing country in this area is Japan. The article addresses the issue of energy consumption per drive unit by cars equipped with fuel cells as both type of vehicles, i.e. EV and FCV use electric motors. The article also discusses infrastructure development in the EU and Poland, charging and fuelling of the said vehicles, respectively.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 144-149
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of energy consumption in the acceleration process of a passenger car
Autorzy:
Mamala, Jarosław
Graba, Mariusz
Bieniek, Andrzej
Prażnowski, Krzysztof
Hennek, Krystian
Kołodziej, Szymon
Mazurek, Bartosz
Sproch, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
acceleration
energy consumption
vehicle dynamic
dynamic index
przyspieszenie
zużycie energii
dynamika pojazdu
wskaźnik dynamiki
Opis:
The analysis of the vehicle acceleration process is a current topic based on the aspects related to the general characteristics of the car, its parameters, design, drive unit performance, and the influence of external factors. However, the ability to accelerate is essential from the point of view of the active safety of the car. Often the dynamic parameters are determined on the basis of the car acceleration test carried out on a level road with good surface in terms of the acceleration time is not reliable and the credibility of such results depends on many factors. Therefore in the article, the authors assessed the dynamic and energy parameters of the car motion, in which the intensity of acceleration of the car with different intensities was examined. The acceleration intensity test was carried out from the set initial speed of the car of 45 km/h to the final speed of 120 km/h at a constant gear ratio, and the set intensity of the acceleration process resulted from the constant throttle with a constant deflection of the accelerator pedal. Acceleration was carried out in two variants, the first for a normal internal combustion engine and the second for the same engine but additionally equipped with a short-term boost system. In this way, it influences the increase in power and energy in the car drive system, changing its acceleration intensity. Variable car acceleration intensity was obtained in the range from 0.12 to 1.37 m/s2, and energy consumption at the level of 0.4 to 1.2 MJ in the distance of 1/4 mile. The article proposes a combination of energy parameters and engine power in order to assess the acceleration dynamics, for this purpose, the specific energy consumption of the car was determined, ranging from 0.35 to 2.0 J/(kg∙m), which was related to the engine power, denoting it with the dynamics index. The study focuses on the assessment of the relationship between the specific energy consumption and acceleration of passenger cars in the available powertrain system using a new dynamics index. The proposed dynamics index combines the energy and dynamic parameters of the car to be able to objectively quantify the acceleration process.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 3; 35--44
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of the influence of engine thermal state on the fuel consumption of passenger vehicles
Autorzy:
Adamski, W.
Polak, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
passenger vehicle
fuel consumption
engine thermal state
samochód osobowy
zużycie paliwa
stan cieplny silnika
Opis:
The paper presents the results of investigations of the fuel consumption of two vehicles performed for non-stabilized engine temperature in the start and warm up phases. The measurements were performed in a wide range of ambient temperatures from –18°C to +25°C. In order to obtain such conditions the tests were carried out in a climate chamber.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 2; 49-52
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania eksploatacyjne struktur fotowoltaicznych zamocowanych na pokładzie autobusu miejskiego z silnikiem diesla
The research on the operation of on-board photovoltaic structures installed in a city bus with a diesel engine
Autorzy:
Gęca, M.
Wendeker, M.
Grabowski, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133861.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
panel PV
silnik diesla
zużycie energii elektrycznej
photovoltaic panel
diesel engine
electric energy consumption
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksploatacyjnych systemu elastycznych paneli fotowoltaicznych za-mocowanych na dachu autobusu miejskiego. W ciągu dnia system PV zasila elektryczne odbiorniki i doładowuje akumulatory. Obiektem badań był autobus miejski Mercedes Conecto 12LF wyposażony w silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym spełniający normę Euro IV. Badania zawierające różne trasy w Lublinie przeprowadzono w ciągu całego roku. Przedstawiono szczegółowe wyniki badań zużycia energii elektrycznej przez autobus. Równolegle pomiary trwały na stanowisku stacjonarnym wyposażonym w takie same panele PV. Pomiary wartości nasłonecznienia i ilości generowanej energii elektrycznej na dachu autobusu porównano z wartościami uzyskanymi ze stacjonarnego stanowiska. System fotowoltaiczny zamontowany na dachu autobusu odbiera średnio w ciągu roku o 18,9% mniej energii słonecznej, niż ten sam system zamontowany na dachu budynku. Bilans energii elektrycznej potwierdzony badaniami rzeczywistymi potwierdził, że 28% zużycia energii elektrycznej na pokładzie autobusu miejskiego może zostać zastąpione energią ze słońca. Prowadzi to do zmniejszenia zużycia paliwa o około 3% i emisji CO2 o około 1,8 t rocznie.
This paper presents the results on the operation of the system of flexible photovoltaic panels installed on a roof of a city bus. Over day operation, the PV system supplies electricity to electrical receivers and recharges batteries. The research was done for the Mercedes Conecto 12LF city bus fitted with a Euro IV standard diesel engine. The research covered various routes in Lublin over the year. The paper presents detailed electricity consumption in the bus which was accompanied by parallel electricity consumption measurements done on a stationary test stand with identical PV panels. The results on solar radiation and electricity generated on the roof of the bus were compared with those obtained from the stationary test stand. Over the year, the photovoltaic system installed on the roof of the bus received on average by 18,9% solar energy less than the identical system installed on a roof of a building. The energy balance which was supported by real research confirmed that 28% of on-board electricity consumption in a city bus can be replaced by solar energy, which leads to a reduced fuel consumption by about 3% and CO2 emissions by about 1.8 tons per year.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 498-503
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 52

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