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    Tytuł:
    Produkcyjnosc gorskich drzewostanow swierkowych srednich klas wieku w zaleznosci od wysokosci ich polozenia nad poziomem morza
    Autorzy:
    Orzel, S
    Socha, J.
    Ochal, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/821398.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Beskidy Zachodnie
    produkcyjnosc lasu
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    czynniki siedliska
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    lesnictwo
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 1999, 143, 05; 37-45
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika przyrostu grubosci drzew w drzewostanach swierkowych masywu Skrzyczne
    Autorzy:
    Ochal, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/816253.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    dynamika przyrostu
    ekspozycja terenu
    swierk
    Picea
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    czynniki siedliska
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    przyrost grubosci
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    Skrzyczne
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2000, 144, 01; 75-85
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kształtowanie się jakości surowca świerkowego w zależności od wysokości nad poziomem morza i wystawy
    The effect of altitude and exposure on the quality of spruce timber
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Picea abies
    jakosc
    czynniki siedliska
    ekspozycja terenu
    leśnictwo
    drzewa leśne
    świerk pospolity
    drewno świerkowe
    wysokość nad poziomem morza
    spruce
    timber quality
    wood defects
    altitude
    exposure
    Polska
    Opis:
    Mountain regions are the main natural ranges of spruce forests in Poland. Their occurrence and growth in these areas is associated with the height above sea level and exposure. The attempt of the study was to determine the impact of these two characteristics on the quality of spruce timber. The research was carried out on 20 sample plots located in the Sudety (8 plots) and the Carpathians (12 plots). The trees growing on the selected plots were examined for their diameter at breast height and height, the quality of standing timber and the kinds and varieties of wood defects on tree stems. As a result of the conducted analyses it could generally be stated that forest stands from the lower montane zone produced higher quality timber in terms of both volume and quality and that the best quality stands were on the western and the poorest ones – on the southern slopes.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 06; 373-383
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kształtowanie się przyrostu pierśnicy drzew w drzewostanach świerkowych masywu Skrzyczne w Beskidach Zachodnich
    Formation of the dbh increment in spruce stands of the Skrzyczne massif in the Beskidy Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Grabczyński, S
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019595.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Beskidy Zachodnie
    masyw Skrzycznego
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    przyrost piersnicy
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    lesnictwo
    piersnice drzew
    spruce
    beskidy zachodnie mountains
    dbh increment
    height a.s.l.
    Opis:
    In the study the formation of the dbh increment in spruce stands throughout their whole life in the Skrzyczne massif in the Beskidy Zachodnie Mountains has been presented. This increment can be illustrated by means of an exponential function according to the following formula: Zr=exp(a + b·ln(w)+c·ln2(w)), regardless of the altitude above see level at which trees grow. This altitude however has an effect on the value of function parameters.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 01; 3-7
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Podstawy planowania składu gatunkowego w lasach górskich na przykładzie Beskidu Niskiego
    Basis of the species composition planning model for mountain forests on the example of Beskid Niski Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Dmyterko, E.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Niemczyk, M.
    Łukaszewicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972988.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    hodowla lasu
    planowanie
    czynniki siedliska
    typy siedliskowe lasu
    leśnictwo
    tereny górskie
    lasy górskie
    skład gatunkowy
    wysokość nad poziomem morza
    rzeźba terenu
    species composition
    habitats
    landforms
    mountain forests
    Opis:
    The study presents a method of planning species composition of forest stands in mountain areas on the example of Beskid Niski Mts. (south−eastern Poland). The focus was on the species composition of forest stands growing in different conditions, taking into account the type of forest habitat and terrain characteristics: altitude, exposition and slope. The research was based on data stored in the Information System of the State Forests. We used modified growth model for data processing and calculation of site index for the forests older than 60 years. The Beskid Niski Mts. are covered mostly by European beech (33.8%), silver fir (28.3%) and Scots pine (18.9%). Taking into account exclusively the productive capacity of individual forest stands, fir and spruce would be the most desirable species in analysed region. The Beskid Niski Mts. are characterized by a very small diversity of the habitat with domination of mountain fresh deciduous forest (LGśw, 92.1% of the area). We divided analysed region into four altitudinal zones that vary greatly in fraction of afforested area. Beech dominates in all zones and its share increases from the foothills to montane zone (fig. 5). Basing on a digital terrain model, the areal share of 10 landforms was determined for each stand and altitudinal zone (fig. 8). This enabled more detailed planning of species composition. However, it required the adoption of six specific assumptions including the need to maintain a suitable proportion of all tree species growing in the mountains, specifically the main forest tree species: spruce, fir and beech. The 5−stage project (preliminary, historical, current, planning, verification stages) consisting of planning species composition uses, in stage 4, detailed information on landforms. The project assumes that the fragments of forests where trees are expected to grow fast will be earmarked for endangered species. The model sees the need of planting the weaker tree species to be present in the forest ecosystems of the Beskid Niski. The proposed project will enable foresters−practitioners to plan the forest species composition for each of the forest districts in the Beskid Niski quickly. Such a programme might also be an integral part of the growth model of forests useful for forecasting and increasing timber resources.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 03; 219-229
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zróżnicowanie dynamiki procesów lasotwórczych w buczynach bieszczadzkich w zależności od wystawy i wzniesienia
    Variability of the dynamics of forest development processes in the Bieszczady beech forests in relation to exposition and altitude
    Autorzy:
    Kucharzyk, S.
    Sugiero, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016208.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewostany bukowe
    sklad gatunkowy
    ekspozycja
    Bieszczadzki Park Narodowy
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    parki narodowe
    lesnictwo
    przyrost drzewostanu
    altitude
    exposition
    volume growth
    ingrowth
    loss
    beech stands
    bieszczady national park
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the variability of the dynamics of volume growth, ingrowth and loss in the beech stands in the younger optimal phase of development. The material collected from the permanent circular sample plots established in the Bieszczady National Park (BNP) was classified into four groups relating to their location (elevation of up to and above 1000 m a.s.l and exposition: northern and southern). A significant decline in volume growth was found at higher altitudes and in northern expositions. There were no statistically significant differences in volume ingrowth and loss in relation to the analysed topographic factors.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 07; 29-38
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Częstotliwość występowania i struktura rodzajowa wad drewna u głównych gatunków lasotwórczych Beskidu Żywieckiego i Śląskiego w zależności od wysokości nad poziomem morza
    The effect of altitude on the frequency and types of wood defects in major forest tree species in the Beskid Zywiecki and Beskid Slaski Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Barszcz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973792.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Abies
    buk
    czynniki siedliska
    Fagus
    Picea
    wady drewna
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    Beskid Śląski
    Beskid Żywiecki
    drzewa leśne
    gatunki lasotwórcze
    jodła
    leśnictwo
    świerk
    altitude
    wood defects
    timber quality
    Opis:
    The result of the research carried out in the Beskid Żywiecki and Beskid Śląski Mountains indicated the impact of altitude on certain qualitative properties of spruce, fir and beech timber. Significant differences were noted in the share of trees with defects, as well as in the observed types of wood defects in the examined timber depending on the climate/vegetation zone.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 03; 171-178
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Intensywność przyrostu miąższości świerka z Beskidów Zachodnich
    The rate of volume growth in the Beskid Zachodni spruce
    Autorzy:
    Orzeł, S.
    Maruszewski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016309.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    dendrometria
    Beskidy Zachodnie
    wiek drzewostanu
    intensywnosc przyrostu miazszosci
    swierk
    Picea
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    drzewostany swierkowe
    przyrost miazszosci
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    spruce
    volume growth rate
    position of trees above sea level
    correlation coefficient
    Opis:
    The research material including the results of a full analysis of 171 spruce stems, selected from among 57 stands growing at altitudes of 600−1,200 m a.s.l. indicated a significant impact of the position of a stand above sea level on volume growth rate and age of its culmination. Of the three properties dbh, height and basal area growth explain the greatest range of variability of growth rate (from 75% to 91.1%). Equations developed on the basis of the above mentioned properties allow determining the values for growth rates with the mean error of 7.17−13.97%.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 01; 41-50
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena buka zwyczajnego w uprawach z wyższych położeń Beskidu Śląskiego i Żywieckiego
    Assessment of European beech in cultures located at higher altitudes of the Beskid Slaski and Zywiecki
    Autorzy:
    Małek, S.
    Barszcz, J.
    Kędziora, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009100.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Beskid Slaski
    Beskid Zywiecki
    drzewa lesne
    buk zwyczajny
    Fagus sylvatica
    uprawy lesne
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    udatnosc uprawy
    sadzonki
    wzrost roslin
    zywotnosc
    cultures
    european beech
    biometrical features
    survival
    quality
    vitality
    final silviculture assessment
    Opis:
    In autumn 2006, i.e. in the 5th year from the culture establishment, and when the tree growth had finished, on each culture we measured tree height, height increments in the years 2004−2006 and root collar diameters. We also noted the presence of the main shoot and top bud on the main shoot, size and color of the assimilative apparatus and determined the survival rate of the seedlings. The assessed and measured features allowed for determination of the seedling quality and vitality. Mean values of all features were calculated for plots and their groups, distinguished on the basis of their belonging to particular forest districts and regions as well as basing on the presence or absence of stand protection and in regard to stand disintegration. The results indicate the poor condition of parts of the cultures with beech. Generally, the quality and vitality of the seedlings was assessed to be average, with a smaller or larger tendency towards the decrease. This points towards difficulties in performing stand regeneration and in varying their composition in the higher locations of the Beskid Śląski and Żywiecki Mts., which experience extreme climatic conditions. This was observed particularly on height and quality parameters worsened along with an increase in a degree of stand disintegration. Many beech seedlings grew better on the fenced plots than on the unfenced ones, which indicates positive results of the protection of cultures against game and justifies their fencing.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 10; 710-120
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wzniesienia nad poziom morza i podłoża geologicznego na produkcyjność siedlisk Beskidu Żywieckiego dla buka
    Effect of elevation above sea level and geology on the site productivity for European beech in the Beskid Zywiecki Mountains
    Autorzy:
    Socha, J.
    Ochał, W.
    Maj, M.
    Grabczyński, S.
    Lach, J.
    Gruba, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991314.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    buk zwyczajny
    Fagus sylvatica
    wymagania siedliskowe
    Beskid Zywiecki
    siedliska lesne
    produkcyjnosc
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    ekspozycja
    nachylenie stoku
    bonitacja siedliska
    podloze geologiczne
    fagus silvatica
    site index
    parent rock
    soil nutrient regime
    site productivity
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of topography and parent rock as well as selected characteristics of the soils on the site productivity for European beech in the Beskid Żywiecki Mountains (S Poland). The research material consisted of measurements performed on sample plots ranging in size from 0.01 to 0.10 ha located in 50 beech stands aged 40−140 years. Productivity of beech stands was to the greatest extent determined by the elevation above sea level. The site index of beech stands is significantly affected by the type of geological substrate, whereas there was no relationship between productivity and analyzed soil characteristics.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 850-859
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zależność wybranych cech drzewostanów od położenia nad poziomem morza na przykładzie Parku Narodowego Gór Stołowych
    Dependence of selected stand characteristics on the elevation on the example of the Stolowe Mountains National Park
    Autorzy:
    Miścicki, S.
    Szneidrowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989003.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    Park Narodowy Gor Stolowych
    dynamika drzewostanu
    miazszosc drzew
    miazszosc drewna
    zasobnosc drzewostanu
    zageszczenie drzew
    przyrost miazszosci
    czynniki siedliska
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    current volume increment
    elevation zone
    forest renewal
    net changes in standing volume
    tree density
    Opis:
    The elevation is used to illustrate the differences in the structure and growth of mountain forests. The aim of the study was to determine (1) whether the characteristics used to describe the condition and structure of forest stands under protection status (volume of merchantable timber, tree density, total height of trees in the regeneration layer, volume of dead stems, current annual volume increment, volume of dead trees, periodic changes in standing volume) change at the same rate along with the elevation, and (2) whether in mountains without upper montane zone, the values of the selected characteristics of stands located in the highest elevation zone decrease at a low rate with elevation and are comparable to the stands at the same elevation in higher mountains ranges. The study was located at an elevation of 400−909 m a.s.l. in the Stołowe Mountains National Park (PNGS; SW Poland). We used data from the measurements performed in 2009 and 2014 on 358 permanent sample plots. Plots were assigned to one of five elevation zones of 100 m a.s.l. We assumed that the characteristic value decreased with the increase in the elevation, and that such change was the same for all stand characteristics. This hypothesis was verified using the ANOVA for the repeated samples. The calculations were based on standardized values of the characteristics measured on individual sample plots. The higher above sea level the plot was located, the greater share of spruce in the stand (fig. 1). The standing volume (fig. 2), trees density (fig. 3) and current annual volume increment (fig. 6) decreased with elevation, while the volume of dead stems (fig. 4) increased. The net changes in standing volume (fig. 8) were the smallest in the stands located at the lowest and at the highest zone (400−499 and 800−909 m a.s.l.). No significant relationship was found between the total height of trees in the regeneration layer (fig. 5) or the volume of dead trees in the period 2009−2014 (fig. 7) and the elevation. Individual characteristics differed in the rate of changes of their values with elevation (fig. 9). The structure of stands growing at the highest elevation was the most variable. These stands were rather a substitute for the upper montane zone forests. The rate of the observed decrease of the volume of merchantable timber, tree density and current volume increment in the stands of PNGS was higher than in other forests in the Polish mountains.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 131-141
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmienność wybranych cech makrostruktury i gęstości drewna świerkowego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) z regla dolnego i górnego
    Variability of selected macrostructural features and density of Picea abies (L.) Karst. wood from lower and upper subalpine forest zones
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Wąsik, R.
    Barszcz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    regiel gorny
    regiel dolny
    drzewa lesne
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    drewno swierkowe
    drewno pozne
    gestosc drewna
    sloje przyrostu rocznego
    szerokosc
    czynniki siedliska
    tree−ring width
    latewood share
    height above mean sea level
    Opis:
    The paper compares the properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood from stands growing in the lower and upper subalpine forest zone in terms of the tree−ring width, the share of latewood and the wood density. The investigation concerned material originating from plots established within the boundaries of the south−western incidence of spruce in Poland. Plots were located in the Sudety Mts. and in the Carpathians (tab. 1). On each plot fifteen Norway spruces were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. The surface of the cores was smoothed and the tree−ring width was measured. The latewood zones were determined and the share of latewood was calculated. Then, the cores were divided into 2 cm sections, for which the relative wood density was determined. Tree−rings were wider in trees growing in the lower when compared with those from the upper subalpine forest zone (tab. 2). Weak negative correlation was revealed between the elevation and the tree−ring width (r=–0.308). The latewood share was slightly higher in trees from the upper than those from the lower subalpine forest zone (tab. 2). However, no statistically significant correlation between the latewood share and elevation was recorded. The wood density was slightly lower in trees from the lower than those from the upper subalpine forest zone (tab. 2), but the difference was not statistically significant. The correlation between the wood density and the elevation turned out to be insignificant.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 10; 855-860
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena jakości wód źródlanych w rejonie Skrzycznego i Baraniej Góry
    Quality assessment of spring water from the area of Skrzyczne and Barania Gora mountains
    Autorzy:
    Małek, S.
    Astel, A.
    Krakowian, K.
    Opałacz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008955.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gory
    Beskid Slaski
    Skrzyczne
    Barania Gora
    zrodla
    woda zrodlana
    jakosc
    wlasciwosci chemiczne
    odczyn wody
    przewodnosc elektrolityczna
    stezenie jonow
    warunki srodowiska
    podloze geologiczne
    gleby
    siedliska
    szata roslinna
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    rzezba terenu
    springs
    water quality
    beskid śląski
    snowmelt
    spruce stands
    Opis:
    The study was carried out in the year 2009 on northern, southern and western slopes of Skrzyczne and Głębczański and Roztoczański stream catchments on Barania Góra in the Beskid Śląski Mountains. Water samples were collected from springs during snowmelt (May 1st−3rd). Data set consisting of conductivity, water pH, concentrations of major anions (Cl–, NO3–, SO42–), major cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Zn) was produced. Waters were then classified according to Polish standards. Water class depended strongly on chemical composition of melting snow. It was found that water from most sampling points in springs was not potable – 39 out of collected 48 samples on Skrzyczne and 51 out of 57 samples collected on Barania Góra were beyond the first class according to Polish standard from the year 2008. The main reason for that was too low pH and high NO3– concentration. Chemical composition of spring waters depended also on plant cover and local properties of drainage areas. Statistically significant difference was observed between spruce and beech stands. Springs located in beech stands characterised higher concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, SO42–, Cl– and higher PEW and additionally on Barania Góra higher pH as well. This dependence should be considered while planning stand composition in springs neighbourhood.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 07; 499-505
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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