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Tytuł:
System klasyfikacji gospodarstw leśnych w wielofunkcyjnym i proekologicznym modelu leśnictwa
A classification system of stands in a proecological model of multifunctional forest managment
Autorzy:
Przybylska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023086.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo wielofunkcyjne
klasyfikacja
gospodarstwa lesne
lesnictwo
lesnictwo proekologiczne
economic division
natural forest type
forest stand type
forest function
Opis:
The paper presents the concept of a schematic division of a forest into stand farms using two criteria i.e. forest function and natural forest type. Forest function is understood as the function dominating in a stand, namely productive, protective or social. The natural forest type was identified with the name of a habitat type because in forest typology habitat characteristics and stand attributes are treated jointly.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 3-9
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biogrupy drzew w lesie naturalnym: czy prof. Włoczewski miał rację?
Tree biogroups in natural forests: was prof. Włoczewski right?
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
biogrupy
las naturalny
lesnictwo
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
drzewa lesne
białowieża national park
contagion index
natural forest
permanent plot
spatial pattern
tree biogroup
Opis:
The contagion index [Gadow i in. 1998] is used to analyse a spatial pattern of trees in a natural forest stand occurring on a permanent study plot, located in a compartment 319 of the Białowieża National Park. By means of this index it is found that at a small spatial scale, the random occurrence of trees is a dominating mode of tree spatial pattern. At the same time, the share of trees forming biogroups is estimated to ca. 25% (at average). The results are compared with similar analysis performed by means of the Donnelly index and the Ripley's K function.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 07; 3-10
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamika naturalnych faz rozwojowych drzewostanów w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym
Dynamics of the natural development phases of stands in the Bialowieski National Park
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
parki narodowe
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
drzewostany
las naturalny
fazy rozwojowe
zasobnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie drzew
odnowienia lasu
przyrost miazszosci
przyrost biezacy
dynamika drzewostanu
natural forest
regeneration
sample plot
standing volume
change
Opis:
The aim of the research was to determine the current changes occurring in the natural forest using the classification based on the natural phases of stand development. The oldest part of the Białowieski National Park, formerly known as the Strict Reserve, was the object of the study. Material was collected from temporary sample plots (460 ones both in 1995 and 2005) and 160 permanent sample plots (in the years 2000, 2002 and 2004). Leibundgut’s classification was used to determine the natural development phases. All of them occurred in the Białowieski National Park in variable proportions, and this structure changed during the study period. They differed in terms of standing volume, tree density, total tree height of regeneration, current volume increment, losses and changes in standing volume. The regeneration of stands preceded in four different ways – in open areas, under the overstory of reduced closure, in small gaps or continuously when replacing separate dead trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 08; 616-626
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie analizy podobieństwa do oceny poprawności wyróżniania mezoregionów przyrodniczo-leśnych
Application of the similarity analysis in the assessment of the correctness of the delimitation of natural-forest mezoregions
Autorzy:
Tracz, W.
Zielony, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
regionalizacja przyrodniczo-lesna
mezoregiony przyrodniczo-lesne
analiza podobienstw
wskaznik podobienstwa calkowitego
wskaznik podobienstwa geologicznego
wskaznik podobienstwa typow krajobrazow naturalnych
wskaznik podobienstwa krajobrazow roslinnych
natural−forest regionalization
similarity analysis
similarity index
gis
Opis:
In new version of natural−forest regionalization that was completed in 2010, Poland was divided into 8 natural−forest lands, which, in turn, consisted of 11−35 mezoregions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the delimitation of the defined mezoregions. The correctness of the delimitation was assessed by the means of similarity analysis. The similarity of adjacent mezoregions (within borders of each of the natural−forest lands) was calculated based on three main criteria (geological formations, natural landscapes and vegetation landscapes), which were used for definition of the mezoregions borders. Data on spatial distribution of the above criteria were acquired in digital form and then processed using Geographic Information Systems technology in order to identify and describe each of the mezoregions. The assessment of the similarity was based on the calculation of the partial similarity indices for each of the criteria, and then on the calculation of the overall similarity index for each pair of adjacent mezoregions. Received values of the overall similarity index range from 0.01 to 0.48. The smallest range of the index is in the Sudecka land (0.09−0.28) and the highest is in the Baltic land (0.01−0.41) and in the Carpathian land (0.07−0.48). In order to facilitate analysis of the results, five−level scale of similarity was adopted. All around Poland there are no mezoregions whose degree of similarity to adjacent mezoregions is large or very large. The medium similarity (index value 0.41−0.70) was observed in 1.7% of the analyzed cases, small similarity (index value 0.21−0.40) was observed in 37.7% of the analyzed cases and the lack of similarity (index value 0.00−0.20) in 60.6% of cases. Delimitation of mezoregions was therefore prepared correctly.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 504-511
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola martwego drewna w regeneracji drzewostanu łęgu jesionowo-olszowego (Fraxino-Alnetum) zasiedlonego przez bobry
Role of the deadwood in regeneration of the ash-alder forest stand (Fraxino-Alnetum) colonized by beavers
Autorzy:
Gawryś, R.
Gabrysiak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
natural regeneration
black alder
beaver pond
Białowieża Forest
Opis:
The paper concerns the structure of natural regeneration in ash−alder riparian forests (Fraxino−Alnetum) colonized by beavers (Castor fiber) taking into account the substrate, on which it appears (soil and deadwood). Study was conducted in 2016 on twelve sampling plots located in the Orłówka valley in the Białowieża National Park (eastern Poland), where beavers settled around 2005. We counted natural regeneration occurring on the ground and on deadwood on each plot. Also we identified volume of deadwood, decay status and water cover. A decade after the occurrence of beaver ponds, the density of natural regeneration is 5575 saplings per hectare and the regeneration on deadwood is 28% of the total. Black alder is the dominant species. The regeneration occurring on the soil is richer in species and has a larger share of shrub species. In the case of regeneration on the deadwood, seedlings appear first on trees fallen before the flood. Over the time, the role of deadwood as a substrate for the development of regeneration increases and the role of fallen trees is the greater, the greater is the fraction (coverage) of the flooded areas. Studies show that the continuous occurrence of the deadwood accelerates habitat regeneration after a disturbance such as the occurrence of a beaver pond.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 06; 505-512
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przestrzenna zmienność struktury drzewostanu w wybranych lasach o charakterze pierwotnym w Karpatach Zachodnich i Górach Dynarskich
Spatial variation in stand structure of selected old-growth forests in the Western Carpathians and the Dinaric Mountains
Autorzy:
Paluch, J.
Bartkowicz, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy o charakterze pierwotnym
struktura drzewostanu
analiza porownawcza
Karpaty Zachodnie
rezerwat Oszast
rezerwat Perucica
Gory Dynarskie
leśnictwo
lasy góskie
pierśnicowe pole przekroju
zmienność przestrzenna
Beskid Żywiecki
rezerwat Żarnówka
old−growth forests
primeval forests
natural forest dynamics
structural heterogeneity
patch−mosaic
developmental stages
continuous cover forestry
Opis:
The research was conducted in three old−growth forests consisted of silver fir Abies alba Mill., European beech Fagus sylvatica L., and Norway spruce Picea abies Karst. located in the southern part of Poland (Żarnówka and Oszast) and the south−eastern Bosnia and Hercegovina (Perućica). The aim of the study was to compare basic stand characteristics and spatial heterogeneity in terms of variation in stand basal area and vertical structure. In each research area, small sample plots (0.015 ha) were localised in a regular 20×20 m grid covering approximately 10 ha. In each sample plot the diameter at breast height (d1.37 cm) and species of all live trees were recorded. For each plot the basal area of live trees and an index of structural diversification were determined. As a measure of structural diversification, the simple variance in tree height was computed and scaled through comparison with a hypothetical variance of the uniform distribution. The spatial patterns of basal area and structural diversification were tested with paired−plot approach. In addition, simulation techniques were used to model variation in the basal area of live trees dependent on spatial scale. The Carpathian and Dinaric stands considerably differed in basal area (ranging from 36.1 to 65.2 m2/ha) and volume (varying from 522 to 1176 m3/ha), but all of them had diameter distributions proximate to a negative exponential model. The basal area recorded on the 0.015 ha plots had a very similar pattern of variation, which could be generalised as a truncated normal distribution. The distribution of the structural diversification index was different and resembled an uniform (Perućica) or a bimodal distribution with modal values at its extremes (Oszast and Żarnówka). However, in the spatial scales above 1,000 m2 the index distri− bution become similar to a normal (Oszast) or a truncated normal (Perućica and Żarnówka) ones with high mean values, indicating the predominance of complex vertical structures. In general, the spatial variability in basal area and structural diversification of live trees tended to be random. These results suggest that the patch−mosaic assumption being fundamental for the developmental cycle hypothesis is inapplicable to the studied primeval forests. Regardless of differences in geographic location and site conditions, the studied stands show a similar spatial pattern of structural heterogeneity, suggesting a close resemblance of disturbance regimes driving its dynamics.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 02; 91-101
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konwencje ustalania wskaźników zróżnicowania lasów
Conventions of determining indicators of forest diversity
Autorzy:
Poznański, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
metoda przyrodnicza
metody obliczen
drzewostany roznowiekowe
lasy
lesnictwo
metoda geometryczna
wskazniki zroznicowania
geometric and natural convention of determining indicators of forest diversity
uneven−aged forest
diversity characteristics
Opis:
There are two conventions of determining indicators of forest diversity: geometric and natural. Indicators in the geometric convention are determined from the ratio of differences in the values of the real characteristic to the value of the characteristic adopted as a comparative norm. Indicators in the natural convention are determined from the ratio of differences in the values of a characteristic in the real world to the mean value of that characteristic by standard deviation. The indicator−based assessment of forests in Poland is based on the geometric convention of similarities and standards included in yield and stand volume increment tables. This convention of similarities (map and plan scales) taken directly from technology has no natural justification. Therefore, it is necessary to determine indicators of forest diversity based on natural convention with special reference to the uneven−aged forests based on natural forests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 01; 53-57
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cechy i wskaźniki zróżnicowania lasów różnowiekowych w różnych stadiach rozwoju
Characteristics and indicators of uneven-aged forest diversity at different developmental stages
Autorzy:
Poznański, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
metody obliczen
drzewostany roznowiekowe
zroznicowanie
lesnictwo
stadia rozwojowe
wskazniki zroznicowania
characteristics and indicators of forest diversity in natural convention
uneven−aged forests
developmental stages
Opis:
The paper presents the results of assessment of the characteristics and indicators of uneven−aged forest diversity based on natural convention for different stages of development. The assessed characteristics and indicators included: the average diameter at breast height, natural self−thinning of trees, relative and real stocking and the variation in dbh distribution structure.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 09; 21-30
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ gryzoni na regenerację lasu z uwzględnieniem zaburzeń naturalnych i antropogenicznych
Influence of the rodents on forest regeneration considering natural and anthropogenic disturbances
Autorzy:
Wróbel, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
ekosystemy lesne
zaburzenia antropogeniczne
zaburzenia naturalne
odnowienia lasu
gryzonie
anthropogenic disturbances
forest management
forest regeneration
natural disturbances
rodents
Opis:
The role of the rodents in forest regeneration includes both negative (seed and seedlings consumption) and positive (seed dispersal) aspects. The objective of this paper is to review the knowledge of this dual effect of the rodents on forest regeneration after disturbance, particularly in temperate managed forest stands. Many studies have demonstrated that consumption of seeds and seedlings by rodents can substantially inhibit regeneration of forest stands after disturbance. Small mammal predation on oak, pine and European beech seeds and seedlings contributes to reduced forest regeneration after tree harvest and natural disturbances such as fires. On the other hand, some rodent species may promote seed dispersal towards deforested areas. Moreover, they frequently prefer nesting and caching of acorns near structures providing shelter. Such structures are abundant in disturbed areas and appear to promote higher survival of cached seeds. Furthermore, there are certain techniques of seed and seedling protection against small mammals, e.g., planting seeds in the soil, using polyethylene tubes to raise seedlings, or providing alternative food for rodents. The positive impact of the rodents can be enhanced and negative minimized through proper management, such as providing appropriate microhabitats for seed caching, or maintaining continuity of canopy cover/forest stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 09; 714-720
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sukcesja dębu w drzewostanach sosnowych na siedliskach borowych
The oak succession in the pine stand in the coniferous forest habitat
Autorzy:
Gniot, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
sukcesja roslin
drzewostany sosnowe
siedliska borowe
Quercus
lesnictwo
dab
drzewa lesne
natural succesion
oak
pure pine stand
coniferous forest habitats
silviculture
transformation of the
stand
the complexity in the forest vegetation community
the biological diversity in the forest
forestry
headquater
balanced proecological forest management unit
the function of the forest
multipurpose
forest
the ecosystem of the forest
stand varied in species
biocenosis
the natural upgrowth
Opis:
Permanently balanced forest economy demands today a resignation from a constant model of the forest stand, which preferred the productive function of the forest, mostly without any consideration to its natural values formed by Mother Nature. Implanting on Polish grounds principles of multifunctional forest districts acknowledged as a breeding object of the whole forest ecosystem, giving in that way the forest economy a proecological dimension. Its a result from a general progress of civilization and achievements in forest science; reaching towards the needs and expectations from the society gaining a general acceptation from different environments. One of the fundamental elements implementing the ecosystem is to rebuild deformed and artificially barred forest phytocenosis. This refers especially to pure pine stands on habitats, in which trophoism potential explains breeding habitats species variety. A good help for the forester in this area can be a natural succesion of good, noble broad−leaved species like for example the oak. Succesion of this species takes on a special meaning in poor habitats, in which it without any special imposes enriches the biocenose with the whole positive outcome accompanying this process; it can also be a valuable clue to the potential fertility in the habitat and the complexity in the forest vegetation community. An important task is to lead the way for the oaks development from succesion to its fullest use as a natural presence in creating the future forest generation. The article below is devoted to this question describing the natural up growth of the oak in pine stands on the coniferous forest habitats in Forest District Różanna and the methods and results in which they are used for breeding.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 05; 60-72
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagrożone gatunki drzew Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego (Rezerwat Ścisły)
Threatened tree species of the Bialowieza National Park (the Strict Reserve)
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Keczyński, A.
Zajączkowski, J.
Drozdowski, S.
Gawron, L.
Buraczyk, W.
Bielak, K.
Szeligowski, H.
Dzwonkowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1007075.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
rezerwaty scisle
Obreb Ochronny Orlowka
stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
sklad gatunkowy
drzewa lesne
grab
lipa
swierk
olsza
brzoza
dab
sosna
jesion
klon
wiaz
topola osika
zageszczenie populacji
liczebnosc
struktura grubosci
gatunki dominujace
gatunki zagrozone
diameter distribution
dynamic status
large−scale inventory
long−term trend
natural forest
permanent plot
population density
population dynamics
strict protection
Opis:
An assessment of the current dynamic status of tree species occurring in the Strict Reserve of the Białowieża National Park is presented. On the basis of long−term trends and analysis of large−scale inventory data, the three major groups of trees are distinguished: 1) ‘safe’ group, containing hornbeam and lime, 2) ‘presently safe, but declining in a long−term run’ group, involving spruce, birch and alder, and 3) ‘threatened and highly threatened’ group, consisting of oak, pine, ash, maple, elm and aspen.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 04; 252-261
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan, warunki i problemy odnowienia naturalnego sosny w Puszczy Białowieskiej
The state, conditions and problems of pine natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
Pinus
sosna
lesnictwo
odnowienia naturalne
Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewa lesne
pine
natural regeneration
białowieża forest
damage
game
fencing
Opis:
The paper discusses conditions and problems concerning natural regeneration of pine in the „Puszcza Białowieska” Promotional Forest Complex. The studies on pine regeneration established from self−seeding were carried out on permanent experimental plots occupied by fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forests site types. A space filling index used in the experiment was to define space occupied by pine regeneration the so−called „height sum”. A significance test of differences in mean values between the abundance and height sum (t−Student's test) was used for each experimental variant within the forests site types. Natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest occurs infrequently. It can be found mainly in loose pine stands growing in fresh coniferous forest site types. Pine naturally regenerates most successfully in fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forest site types, on fenced clear−cuts with a few reserved trees, with soil prepared in furrows and well−performed tending treatments, as well as in pine stands with stocking 0.4 providing that the same conditions are maintained. The primary condition for successful natural regeneration of pine in the Białowieża Forest is its protection against animals in the form of fencing.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 11; 9-21
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lasy falowe, czyli o niezamierzonym lecz nieprzypadkowym podobieństwie pomiędzy rębnią Wagnera i lasami naturalnymi
Wave forests – not intended but not accidental similarity between Wagners Blendersaumschlag silvicultural system and natural forests
Autorzy:
Bolibok, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany
rebnie brzegowo-smugowe
odnowienia lasu
hodowla lasu
inicjowanie odnowien
lasy falowe
las naturalny
struktura przestrzenna
lesnictwo
wave forest
wave−regenerated forests
shimagare forest
wagner's blendersaumschlag silvicultural system
natural forests
Opis:
A characteristic spatial structure of natural forests called „wave forest” or „Shimagare forest” is very similar to structure which is shaped by silvicultural system invented by Christopher Wagner. This review presents regions of occurrence, mechanisms of arising and maintenance of mentioned natural forests and compares them with theory and praxis of Wagner's Blendersaumschlag.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 10; 16-24
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odnowienie naturalne dębu w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Puszcza Białowieska" - stan, warunki i perspektywy
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesne kompleksy promocyjne
Quercus
lesnictwo
dab
odnowienia naturalne
Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewa lesne
oak
natural regeneration
białowieża primeval forest
hornbeam expansion
Opis:
The paper presents the state and conditions of oak natural regeneration in the „Białowieża Primeval Forest” Promotional Forest Complex. It has been stated that under natural conditions oak appears in all forest types but it infrequently grows into a stand. With the recent expansion of hornbeam, it is difficult for oak effectively to regenerate. It has been confirmed in this study that the shelterwood cutting system (leaving some trees to dye naturally) is the most efficient method of natural regeneration of oak in the Białowieża stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 01; 30-41
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kluczowe problemy współczesnego leśnictwa
Key issues in the forest sector today
Autorzy:
Płotkowski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
zalesianie
gospodarka lesna
odnowienia lasu
lasy ochronne
plantacje drzew lesnych
zasoby lesne
lesnictwo
wylesienia
pine
natural regeneration
białowieża forest
damage
game
fencing
Opis:
The paper discusses conditions and problems concerning natural regeneration of pine in the „Puszcza Białowieska” Promotional Forest Complex. The studies on pine regeneration established from self−seeding were carried out on permanent experimental plots occupied by fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forests site types. A space filling index used in the experiment was to define space occupied by pine regeneration the so−called „height sum”. A significance test of differences in mean values between the abundance and height sum (t−Student's test) was used for each experimental variant within the forests site types. Natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest occurs infrequently. It can be found mainly in loose pine stands growing in fresh coniferous forest site types. Pine naturally regenerates most successfully in fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forest site types, on fenced clear−cuts with a few reserved trees, with soil prepared in furrows and well−performed tending treatments, as well as in pine stands with stocking 0.4 providing that the same conditions are maintained. The primary condition for successful natural regeneration of pine in the Białowieża Forest is its protection against animals in the form of fencing.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 11; 22-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 23

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