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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 40
Tytuł:
Grzyby glebowe i ich znaczenie
Significance of the soil fungi
Autorzy:
Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
Kwaśna, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009423.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
gleby
mikrobiologia gleb
grzyby glebowe
funkcje biologiczne
fungi
soil
Opis:
Fungi in soil perform important services related to nutrient cycling, water dynamics and disease suppression. Along with bacteria, they are important as decomposers in the soil food network. Fungi convert hard−to−digest organic material into forms that other organisms can use. They can immobilize or retain nutrients in the soil. Secondary fungal metabolites have the fungistatic properties and are used in biocontrol processes. The hyphae physically binds soil particles together, creating stable aggregates that help increase water infiltration and soil water retention capacity. Fungi help to increase the accumulation of humic−acid rich organic matter that is resistant to degradation and may stay in the soil for hundreds of year.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2010, 154, 12; 846-850
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ hodowlanego zagospodarowania lasu na produkcyjność jadalnych grzybów leśnych
Impact of silviculture on the productivity of edible fungi in the forest
Autorzy:
Gil, W.
Hilszczańska, D.
Rosa-Gruszecka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zagospodarowanie lasu
grzyby lesne
wystepowanie
grzyby jadalne
grzyby dzikorosnace
owocnikowanie grzybow
uboczne uzytkowanie lasu
ectomycorrhizal fungi
edible fungi
mycosilviculture
non−wood forest products
forest management
Opis:
Edible forest mushrooms are one of the most important non−wood products and their economic importance is constantly growing. Only in Poland, the value of collected mushroom is estimated to about 740 million PLN a year. Such species as Boletus sp., Lactarius sp. or Tuber sp. are the most valuable non−wood forest products. Wild species, a great part of which are ectomycorrhizal fungi, not only play a key role in the growth and development of forest trees, but also belong to the most used in the Polish cuisine. A new challenge is to develop a scientific basis for the production of edible ectomycorrhizal fungi. Given the fact that fructification of fungi is influenced by many environmental, ecological, orographic and anthropogenic factors, their growing is rather a tough task. So far, methods of fungi growing have been developed in case of several species and they are still to be implemented on an economic scale. Under natural conditions, both mycorrhizal and fruiting processes may be stimulated by proper silviculture treatments, which are conducive to wood and mushrooms production as well. Nowadays, the concept of ‘mycosilviculture' is gaining more and more interest. In order to implement it, the knowledge of the biology of fungi and their host−species is needed. In this article, a rich body of studies dealing with the influence of management methods on fruitification of fungi is reviewed. The critical factor that appears is the proper regulation of tree density by appropriate severity of thinnings and regeneration cuts in order to meet the requirements of targeted fungi. The other kinds of treatments, such as removal of the herb cover, litter and upper soil level also affect fungi fructification. The effect of these treatments may vary for different species. The knowledge of wild mushroom production, forest management and climate changes still requires long−term and multidimensional research in a broad spectrum of tree stands and forest habitats.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 03; 231-237
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Występowanie i ekologiczne uwarunkowania podwójnej symbiozy mykoryzowej oraz jej potencjalne znaczenie w zmieniającym się klimacie
Occurence and ecological determinants of dual mycorrhizal symbiosis of forest tree species and its potential importance in changing climate
Autorzy:
Wilgan, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
species competition
plant adaptations
microbial interactions
respond to drought
arbuscular
and ectomycorrhizal fungi
Opis:
The distribution of trees depends on the climate, but mycorrhizal symbiosis shapes their distribution along the climatic gradient and the ability of trees to resistant the effects of climate change. Ectomycorrhiza is adapted to the cold climate so ectomycorrhizal trees predominate in boreal, mountain and temperate forests. Arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species are few in temperate forests but common in the dry and warm climate in tropical and subtropical zones. Some trees can enter dual mycorrhizal symbiosis, i.e. ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Both types of mycorrhizae benefit the plants, but each type is more adapted to the other environmental conditions. On the roots of dual mycorrhizal trees, the dominance of one mycorrhizal type over another is switching with the increasing value of environmental factors such as temperature of soil, moisture and nutrient availability. Thus dual mycorrhizal trees are more resistant to shift in habitat conditions including seasonal flooding and/or drought and inhabit ecosystems like floodplains, riparian forests and savanna. In general, dual mycorrhizal trees in compared with the single−type mycorrhizal trees are characterized by greater survival, growth, nutrient uptake and longitude range in both native and invasive range put together, so seems to be more resistant to climate changes. These adaptations are an asset for native trees, but on the other hand, the threat of alien tree species. The general proportion of plant species naturalized outside their native range is significantly higher for plants able to enter the dual mycorrhizal symbiosis than only one type. The similar patterns concerning the invasive tree species. Dual mycorrhizal tree species constitute about one−third of all the invasive tree species, but about twice as many among those, which are invasive in five or more of seven biogeographic regions of the world, including willow, poplar, eucalyptus and acacia species. Most of all, invasive tree species from subtropical and tropical zones, such as eucalyptus and black locust threaten European forests. These trees are well adapted to dry conditions so are less affected than European trees by drought, but their plantations caused the drop in groundwater level, intensify the effects of drought on native trees and reduce the efficiency of surrounding agricultural production. In the context of climate changes and the seasonal drought in Poland, expanding knowledge of interactions among microbial symbionts and tree species is necessary to a better assessment of the future benefits and risk involved in the use of each individual tree species.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 10; 860-869
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mikoryza siewek i sadzonek drzew leśnych w odnowieniach na powierzchniach zrębowych
Mycorrhiza of forest tree seedlings in clear-cut regenerations
Autorzy:
Aleksandrowicz-Trzcińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016143.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby mikoryzowe
zreby
sadzonki
mikoryza
lesnictwo
siewki
drzewa lesne
ectomycorrhizal fungi
regeneration
clear−cut
Opis:
Biotic and abiotic factors affecting the development of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in forest regenerations on clear−cuts were discussed basing on the relevant literature.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 11; 3-9
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wartość rynkowa zbiorów grzybów jadalnych z polskich lasów
Market value of edible mushrooms picked in Polish forests
Autorzy:
Grzywacz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
uboczne uzytkowanie lasu
runo lesne
grzyby jadalne
bogactwo gatunkowe
grzyby dopuszczone do obrotu handlowego
wielkosc skupu
struktura skupu
eksport
wartosc rynkowa
forest fungi biodiversity
edible mushroom harvest
purchase and export of fungi
market value
Opis:
Paper presents richness of forest fungi in Poland including edible and poisonous species. Edible fungi legally admitted to public trade were characterised in the background of species picked by people on their own purposes. Endangered species present on the ‘Red list’ as well as protected by law were described. Potential possibilities and real harvest (industrial purchase, export, market and close−to−road sale and picking for own purposes) were also presented. Estimated total harvest of fresh forest mushrooms in year of good picking equals 100,000 tons, which corresponds to 740 million PLN.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2010, 154, 11; 731-741
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie elektronicznego nosa do detekcji lotnych związków organicznych wytwarzanych przez grzyby patogeniczne dla roślin
Use of an electronic nose for the detection of volatile organic compounds produced by plants pathogenic fungi
Autorzy:
Tkaczyk, M.
Ślusarski, S.
Skrzecz, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby patogeniczne
lotne zwiazki organiczne
wykrywanie
nos elektroniczny
volatile organic compounds
fungi
vos
e−nose
detection
Opis:
The dynamic recent development of technologies provides more and more new tools, thanks to which it is possible to quickly detect and identify the chemical composition of volatile organic compounds of fungal origin. An ‘electronic nose’ (e−nose) is one of such tools. The Forest Research Institute launched in the period of 2018−2020 the project entitled ‘Forecasting threats to forest ecosystems through the implementation of innovative electronic odor recognition system’. Its aim is to use an electronic nose to detect the odors of fungal pathogens that cause damping−off of seedlings belonging to Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Cylindrocarpon, Phytophthora and Pythium genera as well as pine foils on an example of pine tree lappet caterpillars (Dendrolimus pini L.). In presented paper special attention was paid to the organic compounds of fungal origin. Many authors indicate that a large number of fungi secrete specific organic compounds that can be used to recognize them. The composition of these compounds may, however, differ depending on the conditions in which the organism develops or even on the virulence itself. Similar research made it possible to introduce an e−nose device for general use. They are used, inter alia, at airports to detect dangerous substances, to determine the quality of coffee, or to check food for its suitability for consumption. The aim of this work is to review the basic information on the volatile organic compounds released by fungi, their composition and the possibility of using an electronic nose for their early detection. Paper provides information on: methods used to identify volatile organic compounds, the basic differences between the discussed methods and information on the examples of the use of this technology in various industries, from the food industry, through medicine, to the army.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 551-555
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie znajomości struktury zbiorowisk grzybów mikoryzowych dla rozwoju mikoryzacji sterowanej – podsumowanie 10 lat badań w gruntowych szkółkach leśnych
Importance of the knowledge about indigenous ectomycorrhizal community structure on development of artificial inoculation – summary of ten years of investigations in bare−root forest nurseries
Autorzy:
Rudawska, M.
Leski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1011675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
Basidiomycetes
grzyby mikoryzowe
szkolkarstwo lesne
sadzonki
szkolki lesne
lesnictwo
Ascomycetes
zbiorowiska grzybow
forest nurseries
seedlings
ectomycorrhizal fungi
ascomycetes
basidiomycetes
Opis:
This review is based on our observations and detailed studies conducted in more than 100 bare−root forest nurseries in Poland. We concentrated on recent work on ectomycorrhizal community structure of most common forest trees (pine, spruce, larch, oaks, beech and birch). The following issues are addressed: fungal diversity, host specificity and age, ascomycetes or basidiomycetes predominance, and exploration types of mycorrhizae as well as edaphic factors.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 01; 16-26
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fungitoksyczność Falconu 460 EC dla grzybów rozkładających drewno drzew leśnych
Toxicity of Falcon 460 EC to wood decaying fungi of forest trees
Autorzy:
Zarzyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wlasciwosci grzybobojcze
fungicydy
grzyby
Falcon 460 EC
ochrona lasu
lesnictwo
falcon 460 ec
systemic preparation
fungal toxicity
wood decaying fungi
Opis:
The paper presents research results concerning fungal toxicity of a new systemic preparation Falcon 460 EC (product of Bayer Company) against basic wood decaying fungal species of forest trees. The medium was used in the experiment.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 08; 43-48
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie wyładowań atmosferycznych na drzewa
The lightning influence on trees
Autorzy:
Bednarz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
uszkodzenia drzew
oddzialywanie na rosliny
uszkodzenia korzeni
lesnictwo
wyladowania atmosferyczne
drzewa
zamieranie drzew
lightning
trees weakness
roots damages
insects
fungi
Opis:
The article presents the review of information about physiological and mechanical injuries of trees strocked by lightning. The weakened trees synthesis less insect repellents or toxic substances than another ones and thereby are more susceptible to insects attack. Lightning trees suffer from water shortage, because therir roots are usually also damaged by lightning.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 07; 31-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktywność grzybów entomopatogennych wobec leśnych foliofagów i kambiofagów
Activity of entomopathogenic fungi against forest insects feeding on leaves, bark and cambium
Autorzy:
Malinowski, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
foliofagi
grzyby entomopatogenne
kambiofagi
ochrona lasu
zwalczanie szkodnikow
leśnictwo
biologiczne metody ochrony roślin
biological control
forest harmful insects
entomopathogenic fungi
Opis:
The paper presents results of various experiments on the use of entomopathogenic fungi (e.g. Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Metarhizium anisopliae, Lecanicllium spp.) to control leaf feeding insects (Lymantria spp., Dendrolimus pini, Cephalcia abietis, Diprionidae) and insects feeding on bark and cambium (Hylobius spp., Scolytinae)
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 03; 188-194
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zespół grzybów rozkładających drewno sędziwych dębów i lip
Associations of wood?decaying fungi in ancient oak and lime trees
Autorzy:
Zarzyński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
grzyby
drzewa pomnikowe
biodegradacja
drzewa stare
Quercus
lesnictwo
lipa
dab
Tilia
drzewa lesne
oak
lime
wood−decaying fungi
ancient trees
poland
Opis:
Oak and lime trees constitute nearly 2/3 of an overall number of trees considered as nature monuments in Poland. Being exposed to a number of agents their health condition often is poor. The wood−decaying fungi are the major age−limiting agents for trees. This paper presents the results of studies on the presence of various fungal species on 160 oak and lime trees. The author makes an attempt to define associations of fungi causing wood decay in ancient oak and lime trees in Poland.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 04; 22-26
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Choroby igieł kosodrzewiny (Pinus mugo) w piętrze subalpejskim Karkonoszy
Diseases of mountain pine (Pinus mugo) needles in subalpine zone of Karkonosze Mts.
Autorzy:
Pusz, W.
Kita, W.
Kaczmarek, A.
Nowosad, K.
Koukol, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Karkonosze
sosna gorska
Pinus mugo
choroby roslin
igly sosny
choroby grzybowe
pietro subalpejskie
mountain pine
fungal diseases
pathogenic fungi
lophodermium
Opis:
Mycological analyses of infected mountain pine needles were conducted for years 2011−2012. Yellow spots on needles were found in subalpine zone of the Karkonosze National Park. The isolation of fungi was conducted at the end of July in both years when the intensity of disease symptoms on needles was the highest. Infected needles were sampled from Kopa, Śląskie Kamienie, Kocioł Smogorni, Sokolnik, Łabski Szczyt, Szrenica, Kocioł Małego i Wielkiego Stawu study sites. The dominant species isolated from the infected needles was a probably new species of the genus Lophodermium. Except for this pathogen, Lophodermium pinastri, Botrytis cinerea and Epicoccum niger were identified together with several saprotrophic species, e.g. Aspergillus niger.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2013, 157, 10; 761-768
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zdrowotność jarzębu szwedzkiego (Sorbus intermedia L.) w wybranych lokalizacjach Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego
Health status of Swedish whitebeam (Sorbus intermedia L.) in selected regions of the Tatra National Park
Autorzy:
Pusz, W.
Baturo-Cieśniewska, A.
Zwijacz-Kozica, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
fitopatologia lesna
jarzab szwedzki
Sorbus intermedia
zdrowotnosc drzew
ocena zdrowotnosci
parki narodowe
Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
swedish whitebeam
pathogenic fungi
tatra mts.
Opis:
Swedish whitebeam (Sorbus intermedia (Ehrh.) Pers.) is a species with a very limited range. It occurs only in southern Scandinavia and along the Baltic coast, without the Gulf of Finland. Its southernmost natural localities are situated in northern Poland. They are few in number, grouped in two regions: near Kołobrzeg and the Gulf of Gdańsk. Currently, only three of them survive: vicinity of Sarbinowo as well as Kępa Redłowska and Przylądek Rożewski. In the Podtatrze region, S. intermedia has long been planted along roads, on green areas, in gardens and parks, among others in Zakopane. In the Tatras it did not appear, so it is a foreign species for this region. Currently, in the Tatra National Park there are several hundred fruiting specimens of this species growing. Most of them are part of a forty−year−old stand planted on the back of the Grzybowiec ridge. The aim of this research was to recognise the health status of S. intermedia. Phytopathological research was conducted in 2018 in the Tatra National Park. Leaves that were subject to analysis were decontaminated in 1% surfactant solution of sodium hypochlorite. Their fragments of about 0.5 cm were placed on Petri plates with PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). The growing fungal colonies were consequently re−planted onto PDA slants for further culturing and taxonomic identification. The pathogens were identified basing on morphological features and with molecular tools. All S. intermedia in the Tatra National Park showed disease symptoms. Infected S. intermedia leaves were colonized by A. alternata, which fraction amounted to over 40%. The following dominant was B. exigua with over 30% share. F. avenaceum (close to 10%) and E. nigrum and D. macrostoma were also found. The S. intermedia population growing in the Tatra National Park is characterized by a poor condition, which may in the future affect the population of this plant in the Tatra Mts.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 06; 489-495
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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