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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ technologii pozyskania i składu zrębków leśnych na ich wartość opałową i zawartość popiołu
    Effect of harvest method and composition of wood chips on their caloric value and ash content
    Autorzy:
    Gendek, A.
    Malatak, J.
    Velebil, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986640.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    biomasa lesna
    zrebki drzewne
    pozyskiwanie biomasy
    skladowanie
    wartosc opalowa
    zawartosc popiolu
    forest biomass
    forest residues
    composition of chips
    share of ash
    forest chips
    Opis:
    Wood chips composition and abundance of the impurities affecting the ash content are parameter of the chips quality that is important for the power plants. These parameters may be used as criteria in settlements between the supplier and the chipmaker. The determination of calorific value, ash content and share of individual elements in forest chips was undertaken. The wood chips obtained from the fragmentation of sawmill wastes and forest trees residues with various species compositions (Scots pine, multi−species and bundled Norway spruce residues) were investigated. The linear relationship between the ash content and the calorific value of the chips was determined. In all cases, the largest share (over 87%) in the composition of forest chips is assigned to the clean timber and wood particles with bark. The share of mineral impurities is within the range of 0.6−1.6%. The ash content in wood particles ranges 1.04−3.94% and is close to the values reported in the literature. In terms of ash content, the chips produced from bundled coniferous residues were the worst. The obtained results indicate that the best technology for obtaining high calorific value of dry wood chips (17.89−18.11 MJ/kg) with a low proportion of ash is the chipping of wood residues collected directly from the forest surface or from previously prepared piles. The least advantageous technology is the bundling of residues and their storage for several months (16.29 MJ/kg).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 03; 248-257
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pośredni sposób budowy modelu przekroju podłużnego strzały bez kory sosny
    An indirect method of building a taper model construction for pine stem inside bark
    Autorzy:
    Bruchwald, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973592.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Pinus
    dendrometria
    sosna
    strzala drzew
    wzory empiryczne
    leśnictwo
    strzała drzew
    model przekroju podłużnego strzały
    drzewa leśne
    taper model
    stem section
    bh form factor
    volume share
    pine
    Opis:
    An indirect method of a taper model construction for pine stems utilizes function for the volume shores of stem sections determination. The (separated) functions were developed for 15 equal stem sections. Empirical equations were also developed to determine the volume of stems inside bark. This allows to determine the diameter at any point on the stem, and thus creates the basis to determine volume for any section of the stem.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 143, 08; 3-7
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmienność wybranych cech makrostruktury i gęstości drewna świerkowego pochodzącego z drzewostanów gospodarczych i terenów pogórniczych
    Variability of selected features of macrostructure and density of spruce wood from commercial stands and post-mining areas
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Wąsik, R.
    Pająk, M.
    Sikora, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/974056.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    tereny zdegradowane
    drzewostany gospodarcze
    makrostruktura
    sloje przyrostu rocznego
    leśnictwo
    tereny pogórnicze
    drzewostany świerkowe
    drewno świerkowe
    szerokość
    drewno późne
    gęstość drewna
    tree−rings width
    latewood share
    post−mining areas
    reclamation
    Opis:
    The aim of this work was to analyze the tree−ring width, the share of the latewood as well as the density of wood of trees growing in commercial and degraded stands. The research was carried out in the Brynek Forest District (southern Poland) in 3 commercial stands and in 4 degraded stands. For every study plot fifteen spruces were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. Next, the surface of the cores was smoothed and the width of the annual rings was measured. Latewood zones were determined and the share of latewood was calculated. It was found that the average and minimum tree−ring width was the same in both commercial and degraded stands, while the maximum values were slightly and insignificantly different. In turn, the average share of latewood was higher in trees from commercial stands, but higher minimum and maximum values were recorded in stands on degraded sites. In this case, the differences turned to be statistically significant. The average density of wood was slightly lower in trees from degraded stands compared to wood from commercial stands (413 vs 418 kg/m3). Theminimum and maximum values were also higher in trees from commercial stands. However, this feature did not show a significant difference between analysed groups of stands. We found that despite such significant differences in the terrain formed during the production of zinc and lead ores, the wood of trees growing in these areas hardly shows any differences (except for the share of latewood) in comparison to wood from commercial stands.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 01; 10-15
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmienność wybranych cech makrostruktury i gęstości drewna świerkowego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) z regla dolnego i górnego
    Variability of selected macrostructural features and density of Picea abies (L.) Karst. wood from lower and upper subalpine forest zones
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Wąsik, R.
    Barszcz, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wysokosc nad poziomem morza
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    regiel gorny
    regiel dolny
    drzewa lesne
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    drewno swierkowe
    drewno pozne
    gestosc drewna
    sloje przyrostu rocznego
    szerokosc
    czynniki siedliska
    tree−ring width
    latewood share
    height above mean sea level
    Opis:
    The paper compares the properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood from stands growing in the lower and upper subalpine forest zone in terms of the tree−ring width, the share of latewood and the wood density. The investigation concerned material originating from plots established within the boundaries of the south−western incidence of spruce in Poland. Plots were located in the Sudety Mts. and in the Carpathians (tab. 1). On each plot fifteen Norway spruces were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. The surface of the cores was smoothed and the tree−ring width was measured. The latewood zones were determined and the share of latewood was calculated. Then, the cores were divided into 2 cm sections, for which the relative wood density was determined. Tree−rings were wider in trees growing in the lower when compared with those from the upper subalpine forest zone (tab. 2). Weak negative correlation was revealed between the elevation and the tree−ring width (r=–0.308). The latewood share was slightly higher in trees from the upper than those from the lower subalpine forest zone (tab. 2). However, no statistically significant correlation between the latewood share and elevation was recorded. The wood density was slightly lower in trees from the lower than those from the upper subalpine forest zone (tab. 2), but the difference was not statistically significant. The correlation between the wood density and the elevation turned out to be insignificant.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 10; 855-860
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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