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Wyszukujesz frazę "polymorphism" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola

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    Tytuł:
    Polimorfizm izoenzymowy i zmienność genetyczna wybranych populacji cząstkowych świerka rasy istebniańskiej
    Isozyme polymorphism and genetic variation of selected partial populations of Istebna spruce [Picea abies [L.] Karst]
    Autorzy:
    Polak-Berecka, M.
    Perchlicka, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1017254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    zmiennosc genetyczna
    polimorfizm
    izoenzymy
    ekotypy
    Picea abies
    lesnictwo
    swierk istebnianski
    swierk pospolity
    drzewa lesne
    genetic diversity
    isozyme polymorphism
    picea abies
    poland
    Opis:
    The genetic structure of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] of the Istebna race was studied in two populations from the Carpathian seed stands in the Malinka and Czarne Forestries. The recent provenance test results have shown a high quality of both populations. The results were compared with the genetic variation parameters calculated for the selected seed stand from the Bukowiec Forestry (compartment 149h), whose genetic structure in the progeny test for this species is considered a national standard. Five enzyme systems were analysed. The results show that the mean number of alleles per locus and the heterozygosity observed in the analysed populations are greater than those reported in the literature for other natural Norway spruce populations from the Carpathians. The heterozygosity level of the studied seed stands was higher than of the selective population of the Istebna spruce plus trees and the level of genetic diversity was similar to that of the Bukowiec seed stands. Thus, it can be concluded that the analysed seed stands from Czarne and Malinka, compartment 91h can be used as a supplementary seed base. However, at the individual partial population level, the Bukowiec spruce population, compartment 149h is considered to be of the highest value.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 10; 47-53
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Relacje genetyczne pomiędzy polskimi i referencyjnymi populacjami sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) z Europy w analizie polimorfizmu sekwencji nukleotydowych loci nDNA
    Genetic relationships between Polish and reference populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Europe based on nucleotide polymorphism study at nuclear loci
    Autorzy:
    Wachowiak, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989699.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    populacje roslin
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    ekotypy
    podobienstwo genetyczne
    zmiennosc genetyczna
    polimorfizm DNA
    nucleotide polymorphism
    recolonization
    selection
    pinus sylvestris
    Opis:
    Adaptation to local environmental gradients is one of main characteristics of living organisms. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most widely distributed conifer in the world and main forest forming component in Europe. Based on genetic, morphological and growth performance traits, several local ecotypes of the species were distinguished across the species distribution range. The existence of local ecotypes differentiated at many adaptive and phenotypic traits provides unique opportunity for addressing the questions about the genetic basis of local adaptation across the species distribution range. However, information about the underlying population structure between ecotypes is needed for efficient studies of adaptive variation at molecular level. The presented study focused on the genetic variation analysis between nineteen populations of Scots pine from across geographical locations in Poland and eleven reference samples from Northern, Western and Southern Europe. The pattern of nucleotide polymorphisms at 673 polymorphic nucleotide sites found across twenty nine nuclear loci was studied to determine genetic relationship and population structure of different geographical locations. Genetic relationships between populations were conducted based on Baysian assignment and conventional frequency based statistics at the within and between population level. The results indicate very uniform genetic background of Polish populations of the species that despite high phenotypic and ecological differentiation most likely share the same recolonization history. High genetic similarity was found between Polish and North European range of the species. In contrast, differentiation was found in relation to the reference populations from Scotland and Spain that in previous studies were shown to deviate from simple recolonization model after last glaciations and had unique mtDNA mitotypes not observed in continental continuous range of the species, respectively. Considering high differentiation at quantitative traits between northern and central part of the species range in Europe but very homogenous genetic background found in the presented study, it seems that this part of Scots pine distribution is particularly suitable for association genetic studies to find genomic regions that are involved in species adaptive and phenotypic variation.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 01; 53-61
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selekcja genomowa w hodowli drzew leśnych - podstawowe założenia, problemy i perspektywy
    Genomic selection in forest tree breeding - basic principles, problems and future prospects
    Autorzy:
    Żukowska, W.B.
    Wójkiewicz, B.
    Lewandowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978931.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    breeding value
    genetic gain
    genetic markers
    marker−assisted selection
    quantitative trait locus
    single
    nucleotide polymorphism
    Opis:
    All tree breeders cope with the same challenge of the very long time interval of a single breeding cycle. What is more, trees are long−lived, with desirable breeding traits expressing late during their life cycle. Increasing problems with climate change, globalization or economic growth have forced us to accelerate tree breeding and improve selection precision, both of which can be achieved by genomic selection (GS). The idea of GS was introduced nearly 20 years ago as an extension of marker−assisted selection (MAS) in order to advance breeding technologies using genetic markers. Unlike MAS, which exploits only a set of marker−trait associations, GS relies on a high number of genetic markers that are spread throughout the entire length of the genome. All markers effects are assessed simultaneously in order to build a precise model that allows prediction of genetic estimated breeding value of a particular individual using genetic data only. GS has already revolutionized dairy cattle breeding resulting in remarkable improvements across multiple traits and is becoming more and more common in crop production. We now know that genetic architecture of quantitative traits is complex, but recent advances in genomics have made it possible to deal with this problem in an unprecedented way. There are certain concerns regarding GS in forest tree species that include genotype−environment (G×E) interaction and the usefulness of the predictive model built up by GS in the next generation of trees. Nevertheless, experimental results obtained so far have shown that the genetic gain per unit time as well as selection precision can be substantially increased. Here we present the basic principles of GS for forest tree species, giving examples of studies carried out so far and discussing problems and future possibilities that GS may soon open up for forest tree breeders.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 384-391
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Molekularna identyfikacja gatunków z rodzaju Abies na podstawie polimorfizmu DNA mitochondrialnego
    Molecular identification of species from Abies genus based on the mitochondrial DNA polymorphism
    Autorzy:
    Pawlaczyk, E.M.
    Staniak, J.
    Maliński, T.
    Bobowicz, M.A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989708.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    genetyka roslin
    jodla
    Abies
    gatunki roslin
    identyfikacja
    haplotypy
    DNA mitochondrialny
    polimorfizm DNA
    abies species
    haplotype
    capillary electrophoresis
    mitochondrial marker
    Opis:
    The plant material was collected on 34 individuals growing in the Dendrological Garden of Poznań University of Life Sciences (52°25'32,95" N 16°53'39,83" E) and Botanical Garden of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (52°25'11,70" N 16°52'55,07" E). The species for this study originated from Europe, Asia Minor, central and eastern Asia and North America and included: Abies alba, Abies cephalonica, Abies cilicica, Abies equi−trojani, Abies sibirica, Abies koreana, Abies pinsapo, Abies ×insignis, Abies bornmulleriana, Abies homolepsis, Abies holophylla, Abies grandis, Abies concolor, Abies concolor var. violacea, Abies concolor var. lowiana, Abies nordmanniana, Abies ×arnoldiana, Abies nephrolepis and Abies balsamea. The aim of this study was to define the species haplotypes (the length of allele) on the basis of nad5−4 mitochondrial DNA marker detected by capillary electrophoresis. This marker has been suggested as an easy−to−use tool to distinguish species of the Abies genus and it could be species−specific. Seven different haplotypes were identified. The first one appears in the species from Europe, Asia and North America. The second one was detected in firs from Europe and Asia Minor. A. cephalonica and A. sibirica were identified by the third haplotype, which occurs also in A. alba from the Balkan region. The fourth haplotype is characteristic for species from Asia and North America. The fifth and sixth haplotypes were identified in A. pinsapo and A. numidica. The seventh haplotype was detected only in A. holophylla. Applied marker is a very useful for verification of fir species especially allopatric species, less for parapatric ones. This marker is more helpful to exclude the species than to precisely identify them.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 08; 675-683
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wstępna ocena biochemicznego polimorfizmu polskich pochodzeń sosny zwyczajnej na podstawie analizy zawartości monoterpenów w korze drzew
    Preliminary evaluation of biochemical polymorphism of Polish Scots pine provenances on the basis of analysis of the content of monoterpenes in the bark of trees
    Autorzy:
    Sabor, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/816361.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1991
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    hodowla lasu
    drzewa lesne
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    proweniencje
    pochodzenie roslin
    polimorfizm biochemiczny
    monoterpeny
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 1991, 135, 10
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polimorfizm izoenzymowy świerka pospolitego z wybranych regionów Krutzscha testowanych w doświadczeniu IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 w Krynicy
    Isoenzyme polymorphism in progenies of Norway spruce from selected Krutzsch regions of IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 provenance test in Krynica
    Autorzy:
    Masternak, K.
    Sabor, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/993950.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    hodowla lasu
    drzewa lesne
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    zmiennosc genetyczna
    izoenzymy
    polimorfizm
    markery izoenzymatyczne
    doswiadczenia proweniencyjne
    IUFRO
    picea abies
    isozyme
    genetic variation
    Opis:
    The genetic variation of Norway spruce provenances from fourteen geographical regions were tested in the IPTNS−IUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica. The genetic structure of seven isozyme systems coded by eleven loci was described. Parameters of genetic polymorphism i.e. the average number of alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity were 1.47 and 0.12, respectively. The spruces from Belarus were characterised by the highest genetic diversity, while the provenances from south−eastern Styria – the lowest. The values of Wright's inbreeding coefficient varied from –0.417 for the Romanian provenances to 0.223 for the provenances from 28 th Krutzsch regions (Tyrol−Salzburg; Austria).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 01; 47-53
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Weryfikacja pochodzenia drzewiastych form kosodrzewiny na terenie Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego na podstawie polimorfizmu miejsc insercji transpozonów
    Origin assessment of woody mountain pine forms in the Tatra National Park based on transposon insertional polymorphism
    Autorzy:
    Polok, K.
    Zwijacz-Kozica, T.
    Zieliński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989538.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
    sosna gorska
    Pinus mugo
    sosna drzewokosa
    Pinus x rhaetica
    pochodzenie roslin
    identyfikacja
    metody badan
    insercja transpozonow
    pinus×rhaetica
    dna markers
    ssap
    genetic similarity
    Opis:
    Closely related Pinus species, mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), belong to native woody species in the Tatra National Park (TPN, southern Poland). Their occurrence in close proximity can lead to the formation of natural hybrids known as Pinus × rhaetica, which is a woody, often polycormic form. Pinus×rhaetica is described in the TPN, but there has been a great deal of disagreement over its origin. The goal of the studies was to verify the taxonomic status of individuals identified as Pinus×rhaetica that grew in the eight stands together with P. mugo and P. sylvestris by SSAP (Sequence Specific Amplification Polymorphism) analysis of transposon insertional polymorphism. In total, 34 Pinus×rhaetica, 25 P. mugo and 27 P. sylvestris individuals were tested in addition to 20 individuals of P. uliginosa from ‘Torfowisko pod Węglińcem' and ‘Wielkie Torfowisko Batorowskie' as well as 25 individuals of P. uncinata from the Austrian Alps as the control groups. Four transposon sequences were employed: a DNA transposon from the CACTA family, Tpo and retrotransposons – two gypsy (Ogre, IFG7) and one copia like (Bare). All species belonging to the Pinus mugo complex are highly variable with 49−81% polymorphic loci and genetic diversity, HTequals 0.228−0.307 with the highest values in Pinus×rhaetica. Surprisingly, P. sylvestris proves to be the least variable species, likely because of a narrow gene pool in small, scattered stands in the Tatras. Very low Nei's genetic similarities between P. sylvestris and Pinus mugo complex, especially in comparison with P. uliginosa (I=0.548) and P. mugo (I=0.558) exclude unequivocally the possibility of spontaneous hybridization among these taxa. Thus, it undermines the hypothesis about hybrid origin of Pinus×rhaetica in the Tatras. It proves to be a morphological form of P. mugo as assessed from the Nei's coefficient, I=0.985 which is well within a range of conspecific populations. Finally, none of the studied individuals of Pinus×rhaetica are derived from seeds of Alpine P. uncinata.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 573-581
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Postglacjalna migracja jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) do Polski - analiza na podstawie polimorfizmu mitochondrialnego DNA
    Postglacial migration of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) to Poland - analysis on the basis of mitochondrial DNA polymorphism
    Autorzy:
    Pawlaczyk, E. M.
    Kroplewska, I.
    Bobowicz, M. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991708.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    drzewa lesne
    migracje roslin
    okres polodowcowy
    Polska
    jodla pospolita
    Picea abies
    populacje roslin
    badania molekularne
    DNA mitochondrialny
    polimorfizm DNA
    silver fir (abies alba mill.)
    refugium
    postglacial migration
    mitochondrial marker
    Opis:
    Mitochondrial DNA marker was applied to 10 populations of silver fir from Poland and one from Belarusia. These populations were located within and beyond the natural range of silver fir. The marker exhibited two highly conserved alleles (first – 230 bp and second – 150 bp) based on an insertion−deletion of 80 bp in the fourth intron of the mitochondrial nad5 gene. The geographical distribution of the maternally inherited mitochondrial variation is known to support the existence of at least two refugia with two recolonizing maternal lineages remaining largely separated throughout the range. Our results provide that in all studied populations the first allele was discovered. Therefore we postulate that the silver fir migrate to Poland from the refugium in western Europe (probably from central Italy).
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 06; 458-463
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polimorfizm izoenzymów świerka pospolitego rasy istebniańskiej, tarnawskiej oraz wybranych pochodzeń doświadczenia IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 w Krynicy
    Isoenzyme polymorphism of Norway spruce of the Istebna and Tarnawa race and selected provenances tested in IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 trial in Krynica
    Autorzy:
    Masternak, K.
    Polak-Berecka, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989975.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewa lesne
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    swierk istebnianski
    swierk tarnawski
    izoenzymy
    zmiennosc genetyczna
    doswiadczenia proweniencyjne
    IUFRO
    picea abies
    iufro
    isoenzymes
    genetic variability
    Opis:
    In this study the genetic structure of Istebna and Tarnawa plus trees was studied and polymorphism of twenty four provenances of spruce tested in a IPTNS−IUFRO 1964/68 site in Krynica representing selected regions of the species occurrence was analyzed. The genetic diversity was estimated with seven isoenzyme systems encoded in eleven loci. The highest genetic polymorphism was shown by plus trees of the Istebna and Tarnawa race and the lowest by spruce from IUFRO experiment. There was a statistically significant effect of origin on the mean number of alleles per locus. The origin of the analyzed trees had no effect on other parameters of genetic variability: the effective number of alleles per locus, observed and expected heterozygosity and Wright index.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 07; 516-523
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Parametry populacyjne jelenia szlachetnego (Cervus elapus L.) w leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Lasy Mazurskie". Część II. Zależność między liczbą odnóg na tykach a masą poroża byków pozyskanych w wyniku prowadzonej selekcji
    Evaluation of the red deer [Cervus elaphus L.] in the 'Lasy Mazurskie' Forest Promotional Complex. Part II. Relationship between the number of branches in main beams and antlers weight of stags shot in selection culls
    Autorzy:
    Żurkowski, M.
    Czyżyk, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1017394.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    selekcja
    zwierzeta lowne
    lowiectwo
    masa poroza
    poroze
    Lasy Mazurskie
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    lesnictwo
    jelen europejski
    jakosc
    Cervus elaphus
    byki
    genetic diversity
    isozyme polymorphism
    picea abies
    poland
    Opis:
    The genetic structure of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] of the Istebna race was studied in two populations from the Carpathian seed stands in the Malinka and Czarne Forestries. The recent provenance test results have shown a high quality of both populations. The results were compared with the genetic variation parameters calculated for the selected seed stand from the Bukowiec Forestry (compartment 149h), whose genetic structure in the progeny test for this species is considered a national standard. Five enzyme systems were analysed. The results show that the mean number of alleles per locus and the heterozygosity observed in the analysed populations are greater than those reported in the literature for other natural Norway spruce populations from the Carpathians. The heterozygosity level of the studied seed stands was higher than of the selective population of the Istebna spruce plus trees and the level of genetic diversity was similar to that of the Bukowiec seed stands. Thus, it can be concluded that the analysed seed stands from Czarne and Malinka, compartment 91h can be used as a supplementary seed base. However, at the individual partial population level, the Bukowiec spruce population, compartment 149h is considered to be of the highest value.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 10; 38-46
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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