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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 41
Tytuł:
Model wzrostu dla olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
A distance−independent tree growth model for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Autorzy:
Bruchwald, A.
Dudzińska, M.
Wirowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
modele wzrostu
dendrometria
lesnictwo
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
drzewa lesne
growth model
black alder
Opis:
The paper presents a stochastic growth model for black alder stands. The model was built on the rich empirical material collected in Poland, and some equations also considered data obtained from black alder stands in Germany. The model describes the concept of a model alder stand. The main characteristic of the model is stand density. This characteristic was used to draw up a thinning programme based on the principles of selective thinning.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 08; 3-10
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka gniazdowania bociana czarnego Ciconia nigra w Parku Krajobrazowym "Lasy Janowskie"
Nesting of black stork Ciconia nigra in 'Lasy Janowskie' Landscape Park
Autorzy:
Artemiuk, A.
Klich, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994519.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
parki krajobrazowe
Park Krajobrazowy Lasy Janowskie
fauna
ptaki
gatunki chronione
bocian czarny
Ciconia nigra
gniazdowanie
black stork
‘lasy janowskie’ landscape park
nesting
habitats
Opis:
Analyses concerned the spatial characteristics of black stork nesting in relation to the occupied habitats and nest distance to chosen landscape elements. No essential changes were found in nesting characteristics between analysed periods of 1983−1989 and 1999−2008. Storks mostly located nests on oaks, birches and alders. In the direct vicinity of a nest, pine and fir stands (or alder in damp habitats) dominated. There were no statistically essential differences (p>0.05) between nest distances to the same landscape element in both analysed periods. Storks kept the biggest distance to routes and large potential foraging areas. Distance to settlements was similar to other stork nests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 03; 225-232
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola pędów syleptycznych w kształtowaniu ugałęzienia korony olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) GAERTN.)
The role of sylleptic shoots in shaping the black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) GAERTN.) crown architecture
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
ugalezienie
korony drzew
lesnictwo
pedy syleptyczne
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
drzewa lesne
sylleptic shoots
typical shoots
crown
black alder
Opis:
Black alder is a species capable of producing sylleptic shoots. This process is also detected in alders at older age. The objective of this work is to characterise sylleptic shoots and to determine the role they play in the formation of crown branching. The empirical material used in the experiment was collected in the north and south of Poland and considers both young and old trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 06; 60-68
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odnawianie się czeremchy amerykańskiej (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) na siedliskach borowych
Regeneration of black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) in coniferous forest communities
Autorzy:
Halarewicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
siedliska lesne
siedliska borowe
bor mieszany swiezy
bor swiezy
bor mieszany wilgotny
podszyt
gatunki obce
gatunki inwazyjne
czeremcha amerykanska
Prunus serotina
intensywnosc odnowienia
alien plant invasions
black cherry
colonization
forest development
Opis:
The secondary invasion of Prunus serotina in the forest ecosystems is currently a serious problem, both in ecological and economical terms. The article presents how the intensity of the regeneration of this kenophyte depends on the type of coniferous forest community, in which it takes place. The effect of the herb and moss layers and of their attributes on the abundance of black cherry saplings is discussed.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 08; 530-534
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wzory empiryczne pierśnicowych liczb kształtu drewna użytkowego dla olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Empirical equations for predicting merchantable breast height form factors for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.
Autorzy:
Dudzinska, M.
Bruchwald, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
piersnicowa liczba ksztaltu drewna uzytkowego
lesnictwo
olsza czarna
dendrologia
Alnus glutinosa
wzory empiryczne
drzewa lesne
black alder
empirical equations
merchantable volume
breast height form factor
Opis:
The aim of the study was to develop empirical equations for predicting breast height form factors for black alder (Alnus glutinosa). Data used to develop these equations were collected from 1496 felled trees from 136 stands. One hundred and 36 stands were located in northern and southern Poland, respectively. Separate equations to predict stand form factors (F5, F18) and tree form factors (f 5, f 18) were developed. These functions estimate form factor according to tree diameter and the average stand diameter or mean height. Equations can be used to estimate stem volume u.b. to top diameter u.b. of 5 cm or 18 cm (merchantable vol.).
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 07; 3-6
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dokładność stałych krzywych wysokości dla drzewostanów olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Accuracy of the uniform height curves for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands
Autorzy:
Ochał, W.
Orzeł, S.
Siudak, K.
Zamyślewska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989648.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
dendrometria
drzewostany olszowe
drzewa lesne
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
piersnice drzew
wysokosc drzew
stale krzywe wysokosci
h−d relationship
uniform height curve
forest inventory
black alder
Opis:
The study presents the assessment of the accuracy of two generalized height−diameter models, such as skwB [Bruchwald et al. 2001] and skwO [Orzeł et al. 2014], developed in Poland for black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands. Verification of these models was conducted on empirical material that was collected in 127 alder stands located in the western part of Sandomierz Basin (southern Poland). Selected alder stands aged 6−89 years, while average breast height diameter ranged from 4.5 to 43.0 cm and average height from 6.3 to 32.7 m. The stand density varied from 222 to 4360 trees/ha. The accuracy assessment for uniform height−diameter curves was based on the analysis of single tree absolute error distributions. Synthetic indicators of goodness−of−fit, such as: average and standard errors, coefficients of variation and determination were calculated based on absolute errors. The final evaluation of the compared uniform height−diameter models results from the structure of the goodness−of−fit measures that was observed within all analyzed stands and within age classes of 20 years. The efficiency of uniform height−diameter models was also compared with stand height−diameter curve, which was developed based on the Näslund function. General height−diameter models overestimated height in alder stands on average from 0.26 (1.67) to 0.19 m (1.39%), based on skwB and skwO models, respectively. Bias depended on the age of stand and decreases from almost 3% in I age class to nearly 0.5% in IV and V age class. For both analyzed models, a positive systematic error was observed for the standardized breast height diameter. Bias in estimating the height of single stand depended on the accuracy of stand height estimations. In case of estimation based on the measurements of three trees height, bias in single stand can range from –13% to +14%. Due to the range and nature of observed systematic errors, uniform height curves should be applied to groups of stands that have different age and breast height diameter structure, as it allows for partial reduction of the error.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 08; 635-646
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dokładność wzorów empirycznych służących do określania biomasy nadziemnych komponentów drzew olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Accuracy of empirical formulas for determining aboveground biomass of black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Autorzy:
Ochał, W.
Socha, J.
Grabczyński, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990997.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
biomasa
czesci nadziemne
wzory empiryczne
dokladnosc wzorow
black alder
aboveground biomass
accuracy assessment
empirical formulas
poland
Opis:
The study investigated the accuracy of thirty equations formulated in England, Sweden, Turkey, Lithuania and Spain and which aim to determine the aboveground biomass of black alder. The reference constituted of bark, timber, stem, branches and leaves dry biomass of 168 sample trees aged 6−96 from 56 alder stands located in the western part of Kotlina Sandomierska (south−eastern Poland). The analysed formulas, considering local conditions, resulted in biased biomass calculations. The evaluation of such components as leaves, branches, trunk timber or trunk bark is subject to systematic errors larger than a dozen or so per cent, and in certain ranges of breast height diameters − up to even a couple of dozens or a few hundred per cent. Only three out of 30 formulas may be considered useful for estimating aboveground biomass of black alder in Poland.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 06; 431-442
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Węglarstwo leśne. Znaczenie produktów węglarstwa leśnego dla postępu technicznego w świecie
Autorzy:
Surmiński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
uboczne uzytkowanie lasu
weglarstwo lesne
znaczenie
smola drzewna
lesnictwo
wegiel drzewny
charcoal
pitch
birch bark tar
wooden black
potash
ceramics
bricks
porcelain
glass
black gun powder
flammable materials
metals melting and their processing (metallurgy)
cold steel
fire arms
artillery
shipbuilding
wood impregnation
wood protection against moisture and rot
soap production
printing paint production
Opis:
The author briefly provides information on charcoal, wood tar, birch tar, wooden black and potash as well as in other products of wood thermolysis. As early as in the latest period of the Stone Age (i.e. Neolithic) charcoal was used for burning bricks and ceramics, smelting metal ores, thermal processing of metals as well as in goldsmithing. Both charcoal and wood tar had particular importance in the development of military technology, especially flammable materials, black gun powder and therefore, in the origin of fire arms and artillery. Wood tar was also used for sealing watercrafts, roofs and building timber preservation. Birch tar was used medicine and veterinary. Wooden black and potash was also produced by forestry charcoaling.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 08; 49-56
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Szerokość pasma jądrowego estymatora rozkładu pierśnic w drzewostanach olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) z zachodniej części Kotliny Sandomierskiej
Bandwidth of kernel estimator of DBH distribution in black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) stands from west part of the Sandomierz Basin
Autorzy:
Pogoda, P.
Ochał, W.
Orzeł, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
dendrometria
drzewa lesne
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
piersnice drzew
rozklad piersnic
estymacja
estymatory jadrowe nieparametryczne
kernel estimator
bandwidth
dbh structure
black alder
Opis:
Set of ‘nonparametric’ methods, that don’t make a priori assumption about functional form of empirical distribution was developed as an alternative to the parametric distribution modeling. The kernel estimators are one of such methods, that can be used to describe the frequency of data representing for example DBH records. Kernel smoothing requires the choice of weighting function and bandwidth also called as smoothing parameter or window. The lack of comprehensive analysis on the applicability of particular bandwidth selection methods to model DBH structure gave an impulse to present investigation aimed at determining value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands. The optimal bandwidth was obtained according to six different variants of plug−in method proposed by Altman and Léger. Presented investigations were based on DBH measurements collected in 163 managed black alder stands aged from 6 to 89 years, growing in the west part of the Sandomierz Basin (S Poland). We measured in total 22,530 black alders, from 48 to 359 in individual stand. Stands were characterized by: age, quadratic mean diameter, basal area, mean height, Reineke’s stand density index and standard deviation of DBH. Smoothing parameter was obtained by means of plug−in method with the pilot bandwidth selected by: Silverman’s rule of thumb (nrd0), Scott’s method (nrd), unbiased cross−validation (ucv), biased cross−validation (bcv), method of Sheather and Jones (sj) and one−stage method of Wand and Jones (onestage). The bandwidth was first obtained to real data, then to 100 bootstrap samples of 5, 10, 15 ... and 100 trees from each stand. Smoothing parameters were characterized by mean and variance. Relationship between values of smoothing parameter and stand characteristics was determined. Finally the influence of sample size on value and variability of bandwidth was assessed. Value and variability of smoothing parameter in black alder stands are determined by stand age, sample size and method of bandwidth choice. There is a close relationship between bandwidth and the mean height (r from 0.75 to 0.83), quadratic mean diameter (r from 0.79 to 0.88) and standard deviation of DBH (r from 0.84 to 0.93). Potentially these stand features can be used to predict smoothing parameter values. Minor changes of bandwidth for samples containing above 50 trees together with persistence of standard error give an objective grounds for defining optimal number of diameters, that are necessary to kernel estimation of DBH distribution.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 411-421
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dzięcioł czarny jako gatunek wskaźnikowy w wielofunkcyjnej, trwale zrównoważonej gospodarce leśnej
Black woodpecker as an indicator species for multifunctional permanently sustainable forest management
Autorzy:
Zawadzki, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
secondary cavity nesters
indicator species
multifunctional suitable forest management
dryocopous martius
Opis:
Modern multifunctional forest management needs indicators showing the state of forest environment. Commonly used solution is monitoring of the abundance of species with specific environmental requirements. This paper analyses the possibility of use of the biggest European woodpecker (Dryocopus martius) as forest management quality indicator. The black woodpecker resides in all types of forest sites. The species prefers big thick trees as a nest trees, its cavities were mainly made in birches Betula sp. in Western and Southern Europe, Scots pines Pinus sylvestris in Middle and Eastern Europe and aspens Populus tremula in Northern Europe. The black woodpecker, excavating large−sized breeding cavities, is defined as a key species due to the creation of breeding sites for large secondary cavity−nesters. Because of the breeding requirements, black woodpecker can also be treated as an umbrella species for organisms associated with old trees. The way of feeding of that species shows a strong connection with the availability of dead wood. The black woodpecker is a sedentary species, which means that it is highly depended on the structure of the forest and quickly responds to changes caused by forest management. Because of the habitat requirements and relationships with other species, as well as the wide geographical range, it is a good indicator species for multifunctional suitable forest management. It can also act as a keystone species for secondary cavity nesters and umbrella species for organisms associated with old, dying trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 07; 604-615
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 41

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