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Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
Tytuł:
Experimental Study of Produced Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon with Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes
Autorzy:
Hussein, Mudhaffar Yacoub
Al-Naemi, Amer Naji Ahmed
AlJaberi, Forat Yasir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201776.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
produced water
wastewater treatment
nanofiltration membrane
reverse osmosis membrane
TOC removal
total organic compound
TDS removal
total dissolved solids
reuse
Opis:
This work inspected the produced water discharged from the Amara oil field in (Misan-Iraq) to improve the quality of water before reuse and reinjection or disposal. The process of treatment included a pretreatment step using activated carbon and post-treatment using flat polymeric nanofiltration membrane (NF) (1.0 nm) and reverse osmosis membrane (RO) (0.3 nm), respectively. Therefore, activated carbon without aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles and with (Al2O3) nanoparticles (20 nm) was used to examine the removal efficiency of the total organic compound (TOC). The height of the fixed bed of activated carbon and its diameter were 35 cm and 2.5 cm, respectively. The volumetric flow rates of the produced water flowing through the activated carbon column were taken as (25, 20, 15, 10 and 5)×10-4 m3/h respectively, at transmembrane pressure (TMP) of 1.0 bar, pH equals 6, and the temperature of 25 °C. The TOC removal efficiencies attained using activated carbon without Al2O3 nanoparticles were (52, 64, 77, 83 and 87%), respectively, and (65, 72.7, 83.4, 92.5 and 95.2%) with the use of Al2O3 nanoparticles, respectively. Produced water effluent from the activated carbon column was treated by flat NF and RO membranes to reduce the total dissolved solids (TDS). The cross-flow rates through NF and RO membranes were 0.1 and 0.25 m3/h, TMP (1–12 bar) and 60 bar, respectively. The removal efficiency of TDS was enhanced up to 40% and 99.67%, respectively. In addition, the TOC removal efficiency was 100% in the effluent of the RO membrane.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 78--87
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of Membrane Techniques in Swimming Pool Water Treatment
Autorzy:
Łaskawiec, E.
Madej, M.
Dudziak, M.
Wyczarska-Kokot, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
pressure membrane processes
ultrafiltration
nanofiltration
toxicological assessment
Opis:
The paper has determined the suitability of membrane processes (UF ultrafiltration, UF, and nanofiltration, NF) for the purification of waste streams, so-called backwash water, obtained from washing filtration beds in a swimming pool water system. The backwash water samples were taken from the circuits located in two indoor facilities with a different purpose of the basins. Moreover, the samples were characterized by varying quality, as described by selected physicochemical parameters (such as turbidity and ultraviolet absorbance UV254). Commercial membranes were used for the tests. The transport-separation properties of the membranes were determined based on the volumetric flux of the permeate. In addition, backwash water samples before and after the membrane process were subjected to toxicological assessment using the Microtox® screening test. The performed processes contributed to a significant reduction in turbidity and the value of UV254 ultraviolet absorbance, both in the ultrafiltration and nanofiltration processes. Whereas, significant differences in transport properties were noted within individual processes. A great influence of backwash water quality, including physicochemical parameters, on the course and results of the membrane filtration processes was demonstrated. In all of the nanofiltration cycles carried out, the removal of the toxic properties of the backwash water with respect to bacteria in the Microtox® test was found. Nevertheless, samples with high values of resultant physicochemical parameters after the ultrafiltration process were still characterized by high toxicity. Pressure membrane processes show high effectiveness in the removal of contaminants from backwash water. However, it is necessary to introduce supporting processes aimed at reducing membrane pore blocking by deposits and organic compounds, and in the case of ultrafiltration, assuring the safety of the purified stream in terms of the toxicological effect.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 4; 130-136
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of Graphene Oxide Mixed Matrix Membrane for AB-210 Dye Removal
Autorzy:
Al-Sultan, Ammar A.
Kadhim, Rana J.
Al-Emami, Omar H.
Alsalhy, Qusay F.
Majdi, Hasan Sh.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
optimisation
nanofiltration
membrane
industrial wastewater
graphene oxide
dye
Opis:
This research aimed to find the best-operating conditions for incorporating the GO material into PES/GO membranes for the NF applications. Organic dye molecules may foul GO-NP/PES membranes. The improved model aimed to reduce the energy lost while maintaining a high system discharge throughout the treatment process in order to face the technical problems that the membranes are exposed to. To create a particular amount of flux above the intended values, an optimization approach was used to find the optimal values for several important parameters in the process. To enhance the process effectiveness on a broader scale, mathematical and statistical studies, such as response surface methodology and statistical analysis of the parameters (ANOVA), were applied. The impact of operational factors, like the pH values of the dye feeding (3–11), GO weight content (0–2 wt.%), dye concentration (10–100 ppm) of AB-210, and the interfaces for these factors with the PES/GO membrane permeability was examined. The PES membrane had the best performance, with a result of 131.2338 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1. The pH did not influence the AB-210 dye reaction, and the Pareto chart of the standardized effects on dye permeation flux using statistical comparison at the 5% significance level supports these findings.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 9; 115--127
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of membrane techniques for municipal wastewater treatment and reuse
Zastosowanie technik membranowyoh do odzyszozania ścieków i ich ponownego wykorzystania
Autorzy:
Pervov, A.
Spitsov, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
ścieki bytowe
osad ściekowy
nanofiltracja
odwrócona osmoza
odzysk
regeneracja
membrane fouling
nanofiltration
open-channel module
reclamation
recovery
reverse osmosis
sludge dewatering
spiral wound module
domestic wastewater
Opis:
State-of-the-art chemical, physical and biological water treatment techniques do not always properly remove some biogenic elements (nitrates, ammonia and phosphates) to reuse or reclaim wastewater. Modern membrane techniques provide high efficiency in removal of suspended and colloidal matter, bacteria and viruses, organic compounds as well as dissolved ions. For wastewater reuse and reclamation application of reverse osmosis provides reduction of BOD, phosphates and ammonia without application of biological treatment. To successfully apply reverse osmosis to treat wastewater, adequate pretreatment is required. Often pretreatment costs even exceed reverse osmosis facilities costs. Long research in fouling and scaling mechanisms revealed that fouling rates are dependent not only on hydrodynamic factors, but on membrane properties and channel configuration as well. Therefore, development of a new type of membrane channel with improved hydraulic and fouling characteristics enabled us to present efficient water treatment techniques for wastewater treatment and reclamation. Schematic flow diagrams are presented for different wastewater treatment cases, such as car washing and laundry effluent as well as domestic wastewater treatment and reuse.
Dostępne techniki chemicznego, fizycznego i biologicznego oczyszczania nie zawsze są w stanie efektywnie usuwać związki biogenne (azotany, azot amonowy, fosforany) w celu ponownego użycia oczyszczonych ścieków. Nowoczesne techniki membranowe zapewniają wysoką efektywność usuwania zawiesiny rozpuszczonej i koloidalnej, bakterii, wirusów, związków organicznych i rozpuszczonych jonów. Zastosowanie techniki membranowej w celu odzysku wody ze ścieków nie wymaga stosowania biologicznego oczyszczania ścieków. Efektywne zastosowanie procesów membranowych wymaga wstępnego oczyszczania ścieków, którego koszty mogą przewyższać te związane z eksploatacją membran.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2011, 24; 107-119
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of membranes to treat natural and waste waters: new considerations to reduce fouling and increase recovery Up to 99%
Zastosowanie membran do oczyszczania wody i ścieków: nowe aspekty zmniejszenia zanieczyszczenia i zwiększenia odzysku do 99%
Autorzy:
Pervov, A.
Andrianov, A.
Gorbunova, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
ścieki bytowe
nanofiltracja
odwrócona osmoza
odzysk
regeneracja
domestic wastewater
fouling-free technologies
membrane fouling
nanofiltration
natural water treatment
open-channel module
reclamation
recovery
reverse osmosis
scaling
spiral wound module
urban surface water
zero discharge
Opis:
Survey shows that high operational costs of membrane facilities and large amounts of effluents are mainly attributed to fouling and scaling. Research of scaling and fouling mechanisms showed that these processes depend not only on hydraulic and hydrodynamic factors, but on membrane type, material and channel configuration as well. Operational parameters of different membrane configurations show that spiral wound modules demonstrate best hydraulic and hydrodynamic characteristics combined with lowest price. Main ways to develop new fouling-free techniques are outlined that require modified "open-chan-nel" spiral wound membranes. Elimination of "deadlocks" as a main cause of scaling and fouling provide new technological approach to develop water treatment techniques without pretreatment facilities and chemicals. Modification of channel provides possibility to reach high recoveries and high supersaturation values due to strong stability of calcium carbonate solutions. Membrane transport is not only purification instrument it is also a reactor to coagulate, concentrate and precipitate water constituents on membrane surface. Several examples of water treatment flow diagrams are presented to demonstrate principles of zero concentrate flow discharge. Coagulated suspended matter after membrane flushes is collected, sedimented and finally dewatered. The dewatered sludge contains averagely 0,8 per cent of initial water. Due to the use of an "open-channel" modules membrane brine flow could be concentrated by many times without a fear of scaling and added to the sludge. Thus the excessive salts and impurities could be withdrawn from water systems together with partially dewatered sludge. Similarly excessive calcium carbonate could be also concentrated in membrane modules and subsequently precipitated, sedimented and dewatered. Solution of fouling problems thus provides a new approach to save operational costs and to increase ecological efficiency of membrane water treatment tools.
Badania wykazują, iż wysokie koszty eksploatacji urządzeń z zastosowaniem membran i duże ilości odcieków są przypisywane zanieczyszczeniom i odkładaniu się kamienia. Procesy te zależą nie tylko od czynników hydraulicznych i hydrodynamicznych, ale także od rodzaju membran i materiałów użytych do ich budowy. Parametry pracy różnych membran wykazały najlepsze właściwości modułów spiralnych przy najniższej cenie. Przepływ przez membrany nie ogranicza się jedynie do oczyszczania, jest to także reaktor do koagulacji, zatężania i strącania. Zawiesina po procesie koagulacji z procesu czyszczenia membran jest poddana sedymentacji i odwadnianiu. Osad z odwadniania zawiera około 8% wody. Zastosowanie modułów o "otwartych kanałach" powoduje zmniejszenie zagrożenia zanieczyszczenia i odkładania się kamienia. Rozwiązanie problemu zmniejszenia zanieczyszczenia membran pozwoli zmniejszyć koszty pracy instalacji i spowoduje wyższy poziom ekologicznej efektywności narzędzi wykorzystujących technikę membranową.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2011, 24; 17-31
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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