Wszystkie pola: surface water - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Hydrochemical Indicators Dynamic in Surface Water
Autorzy:: Mitryasova, Olena
Cieśla, Maksymilian
Nosyk, Anastasia
Mats, Andrii
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955476.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: surface water quality
water security
hydrochemical indicators
regression analysis
mathematical modeling
forecast of the environment state
Inhul river
Opis:: On the basis of the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, a forecast of the integrated hydrochemical indicators of the waters of the Inhul river (Ukraine) was carried out. The performed analysis was also the basis for the determination of a mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the indicators studied. The determined sinusoidal dependence of the integrated water quality indicators allowed determining the average time of fluctuations concerning the processes of self-organisation of river waters. In practice, the developed mathematical models may constitute a valuable support and supplement to the existing models in the field of prediction of self-organization processes of river waters. They may also contribute to even more effective minimization of undesirable effects of anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 8; 111-122
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Temporal Patterns of Quality Surface Water Changes
Autorzy:: Mitryasova, Olena
Pohrebennyk, Volodymyr
Salamon, Ivan
Oleksiuk, Alina
Mats, Andrii
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839615.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: surface water quality
water security
hydrochemical indicators
level of pollution
resistance degree of pollution
Inhulets river
Opis:: The dynamics of hydrochemical parameters of surface waters from the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river was analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of temporal and spatial monitoring data, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental status of the Inhulets river (Ukraine) waters by hydrochemical indicators was carried out. The study performed a comparative analysis of the river water quality assessment using different methods: an integrated assessment based on the calculation of water pollution indexes, pollution rate. A result of the evaluation of water quality in certain classes: in terms of ammonium ions and BOD5 – III quality class, the water is slightly polluted; phosphate content – V quality class, water is very low in the bottom; according to the content of suspended solids, in phosphates and BOD5 – III class of water quality, water is polluted; by a concentration of chlorides – V class of quality, degree of purity – very dirty; the value of suspended solids and chlorides – III class; in terms of the sulfate content – IV class. In general, the very excessive concentration of substances in the middle course remains stable, the environmental state is poor (quality class IV).
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 4; 283-295
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Groundwater and surface water quality assessment near the closed municipal landfill
Autorzy:: Talalaj, I A
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123749.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: groundwater
landfill impact
monitoring
pollution
surface wate
Opis:: During the current research the level of groundwater (piezometers P2,P3,P4) and surface water (reservoir B) contamination during landfill operation and after its closure were examined. 113 samples of groundwater and surface water were collected from spring 2005 until spring 2012, i.e. three years after the landfill closure. The samples were analyzed for pH, EC, PAH, TOC and six heavy metals: Cr, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu. The heavy metal concentration in groundwater and surface water both during landfill operations and after the landfill closure remained on a similar level and did not exceed permissible levels determined by WHO. Cr was an exception, because its concentra¬tion, during landfill exploitation, reached the value of 0.028 mg/l in surface water. In all examined after the landfill was closed a decrease in the EC value was observed. With the landfill closure the TOC concentration in groundwater increased from 1.8–3.4 to 2.07–3.6 mg/l and the PAH concentration from 0.01 to 0.02 mikrog/l. It may be attributed to a slowdown of decomposition in landfill. An additional PAH source for ground and surface water are surface run-offs form road pavements, yards and parking lots. The remaining high TOC level in a surface reservoir after the landfill closure is also a result of eurotrophisation, which enriches water with organic substances. Seasonal changes in the concentration of pollutants were observed, resulting both from their dilution by atmospheric precipitation (EC, pH, Cd, Cu) and due to washing them out from neighboring areas and enriching with them the analyzed water (Cu, PAH, Hg).
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2013, 14, 3; 89-98
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Removal of Organic Matter From Surface Water Using Coagulants With Various Basicity
Autorzy:: Dąbrowska, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123320.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: coagulation
pre-hydrolyzed aluminium salts
organic matter
water
Opis:: Humic substances are a natural admixture of surface water and determine the level of organic pollution of water and colour intensity. Application of coagulation process in surface water treatment allows for decrease turbidity and colour of water, as well as organic matter content. In Poland most drinking water treatment plants use aluminium sulphate as a coagulant. Research works on pre-hydrolyzed coagulants, e.g. polyaluminium chlorides (general formula Al_n(OH)_mCl_3n-m) are also carried out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using polyaluminium chlorides with different basicity, in reducing the level of pollution of surface water with organic substances. Apart from the typical indicators used to evaluate the content of organic compounds, the potential for trihalomethanes formation THM-FP was also determined. The influence of the type of coagulant (low, medium, highly alkaline) on the efficiency of organic compound removal, determined as total organic carbon TOC, oxidisability OXI, absorbance UV₂₅₄, was stated. Under the conditions of the coagulation (pH 7.2–7.4, temperature of 19–21°C), the best results were obtained using highly alkaline polyaluminium chlorides PAX-XL19F, PAX-XL1905 and PAX-XL1910S, decrease in TOC and OXI by 43–46%, slightly worse – 40–41% using low alkaline PAX18. Using the medium alkaline coagulants PAX-XL61 and PAXX-XL69, 30–35% removal of organic matter was obtained. Despite various effects of dissolved organic carbon removal, depending on the used coagulant, THM-FP in purified water did not differ significantly and ranged from 10.0 to 10.9 mgCHCl₃ m^-3. It was by 37–42% lower than in surface water.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 3; 66-72
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: The use of Zeta Potential Measurement as a Control Tool of Surface Water Coagulation
Autorzy:: Mroczko, Dominik
Zimoch, Izabela
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123139.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: zeta potential
isoelectric point
coagulation
aluminum
coagulants
surface water
Opis:: The implementation or optimization of the coagulation process requires prior preliminary tests. Standard Jar-Test method is time-consuming, inaccurate and may not work well, especially for the waters characterized by high variability of quality parameters. Zeta Potential Isoelectric Point (IEP) analysis may give fast and precise data on the coagulant type and dose required for maintaining an efficient coagulation process. The research objects included the surface waters taken directly from the Mała Panew and Odra rivers. The zeta potential and set coagulant dose dependence was measured for each sample. Four aluminum-based coagulants with different characteristics were used in this research: aluminum sulfate (Alum), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), dialuminum chloride pantahydroxide (PACl), polyaluminum chloride hydroxide sulfate (PACS). Charge neutralization effectiveness, by means of Zeta Potential IEP analysis, was the basis for the choice of the most effective coagulant doses. The coagulation process efficacy was based on the parameters of the treated water (pH, turbidity, color, alkalinity), reduction of organic matter (Abs254, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)) and residual aluminum contamination. The Zeta Potential utility evaluation was based on the DOC reduction.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 3; 237-242
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Results of Surface Water Quality Monitoring of the Western Bug River Basin in Lviv Region
Autorzy:: Odnorih, Zoriana
Manko, Roman
Malovanyy, Myroslav
Soloviy, Khrystyna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123241.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: Bug river
river basin
EU Water Framework Directive
monitoring
quality of surface waters
Opis:: The article describes the steps for organizing and conducting the ecological monitoring of surface water in order to shift Ukraine to the European standards in the field of water use and protection. The main water users-pollutants of the Western Bug River basin in the Lviv region were identified. The results of the water samples taken from the control bodies in 2018 were analyzed. A promising way to improve the work of the water basin management of the Western Bug River was proposed.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 3; 18-26
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Assessment of Surface Water Quality in the Hau Giang Province Using GIS and Statistical Approaches
Autorzy:: Thuan, Nguyen Cong
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173356.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: GIS
geographical information system
multivariate statistics
water quality index
water supply
Opis:: The study aimed to assess the surface water quality in the Hau Giang province in 2021 at 44 locations (with a frequency of 5 times per year) using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and GIS. Surface water quality was compared with the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1) and Water Quality Index (WQI). The results showed that the surface water quality parameters of total suspended solids, organic matters, nutrients, coliform, and Fe far exceeded the allowable limits, while the Cl-, color, and CN- parameters were within the allowable limits of QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1. The values of WQI showed that the water quality of the Hau Giang province ranged from poor to excellent. The water quality at the Vam Cai Dau and Hau River areas could only be exploited for water supply, but appropriate treatment is needed. CA divided the monitoring months into three distinct clusters and reduced the sampling sites from 44 to 33 locations, reducing 25% of monitoring cost per year. PCA revealed three main factors which could explain 69.0% of the variation in water quality. The water pollution sources were mainly industrial and agricultural discharges, domestic and urban activities, transportation activities, salinity, hydrological conditions and water runoff. The current findings provide useful information which support local environmental managers and water supply companies for safe and sustainable.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 9; 265--276
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Assessment Water Quality Indices of Surface Water for Drinking and Irrigation Applications – A Comparison Review
Autorzy:: Al Yousif, Mustafa A.
Chabuk, Ali
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201763.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: WQI
water quality index
drinking use
irrigation use
index
WQR
water quality rating
Opis:: Water is one of the most important natural resources for all living organisms, including humans. Water consumption is increasing over the years as a result of the increase in the number of people, and at the same time, the causes of pollution of surface water sources increase. Water pollution is one of the most important causes of diseases and the transmission of infection to the organisms that use it. Also, the quality of agricultural crops is linked to the quality of the water used for irrigation. As a result, there was a need to monitor and evaluate the main water sources to maintain the quality of their water suitable for use by humans and other organisms. As is well known, it is difficult to evaluate the water quality of large samples with concentrations of many parameters using traditional methods, which depend on comparing experimentally determined parameter values with current standards. As a result, over the past century and the present, many methods of assessing water quality have emerged. This research aims to introduce the most important indices of water quality used at present to assess the quality of surface water for drinking and irrigation purposes, as well as the history of these methods and their development over time and their most important advantages, in addition to a group of the most important research that used these methods during the past few years.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 40--55
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Analysis of Surface Water Quality of Four Rivers in Jayapura Regency, Indonesia: CCME-WQI Approach
Autorzy:: Tanjung, Rosye Hefmi Rechnelty
Yonas, Marcelino Novryanto
Suwito, -
Maury, Hendra Kurniawan
Sarungu, Yulius
Hamuna, Baigo
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025813.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: CCME-WQI
water quality index
physicochemical
heavy metal
microbiological
Jayapura Regency
Opis:: In Indonesia, the river water quality has been determined based on Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2021. This study aimed to determine the quality of surface water from the Damsari, Jabawi, Kleblow, and Komba Rivers in Jayapura Regency based on the monitoring data from 2016 to 2019. The CCME-WQI method is used to determine the status of rivers based on river water quality standards (class 1 to class 4). The results of the study showed that the parameters of water temperature, TDS, pH, $NH_3, NO_3^-, SO_4^-2$, surfactant, oil/grease, Cr-(IV), Mn, Fe, Fecal Coliform, and Total Coliform were still in accordance with the quality standard. Meanwhile, TSS, COD, BOD, Total Phosphate, Hg, and Ni have exceeded the water quality standard, where the dominant pollutant source is an anthropogenic waste. On the basis of the WQI average value, the four rivers are not suitable as a source of drinking water (Poor-Marginal; 41.33 – 58.25). The Jabawi River can be used as a recreational facility, but it must be under special management (Fair; 69.75), while the other three rivers are not suitable (Marginal; 52.00 – 61.67). The Jabawi and Komba Rivers are in the Fair category (75.50 and 69.33) to support aquatic life, while the Damsari and Kleblow Rivers are in the Marginal category (59.00 and 61.25). The water quality of the four rivers is very good and suitable to be used as a water source for irrigation (Good category; 80.00 – 88.00). The strategies for controlling river water pollution and increasing the role of the government, stakeholders, and the community are needed.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 1; 73-82
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Water Quality Assessment of the Surface Water of the Southern Bug River Basin by Complex Indices
Autorzy:: Shakhman, Iryna
Bystriantseva, Anastasiia
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839300.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: Southern Bug River
water quality
surface water
pollutant
complex indices
hydrochemical parameters
Opis:: The article describes modern anthropogenic load on the surface water of the Southern Bug River Basin in a changing climate. The main water users-pollutants of the Southern Bug River Basin in Vinnytska and Mykolaivska regions were identified. The water quality of the surface water of the Southern Bug River in time and space (along the river stream) was analyzed. The water quality of the Southern Bug River was assessed by complex indices for different water users. In order to assess water quality, it is recommended to use complex indices that take into account the effect of the total action of pollutants. The self-purification potential and capability of restoration in space (along the river stream) of the aquatic ecosystem of the Southern Bug River was established for 2019. The results of the study allow us to state that the use of surface water of the Southern Bug River Basin for drinking, fishery, cultural and recreational needs is related to certain environmental risks. It is recommended to carry out the environmental protection measures aimed at adjusting the priorities of economic activity, reduction of wastewater discharge and increase in the water content of the river by regulating the operation of energy complexes.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 1; 195-205
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution in Soil and Surface Water by Public Oil Fields in Wonocolo Sub-district, Indonesia
Autorzy:: Sari, G. L.
Trihadiningrum, Y.
Ni'matuzahroh, N.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123774.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: human risk
soil pollution
surface water contamination
total petroleum hydrocarbon
public crude oil fields
Opis:: Public crude oil fields in Wonocolo sub-district were active from 1942 until now and have inadequately operated. The aims of this research were to measure the level of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) pollution and their distribution in soil and surface water at the Wonocolo public crude oil fields. Twelve composite soil samples were collected from uncontaminated and contaminated sites of old well (OW), transportation line (T), and refinery area (R) at the depths of 0–30 cm, 30–60 cm, and 60–90 cm. The composite surface water sample was obtained from two points with different distances from the river side. TPH from soil and surface water samples were extracted using soxhlet and gravimetric method. Quantification of TPH was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer. From the results of this study, it was concluded that soils and surface water are contaminated by TPH of 119.80–107,190 µg/g and 211,025.73 µg/L, respectively. TPH is clearly located in the upper of 0–30 cm depth at OW, T, and R sites (52,328.14–107,189.63 µg/g). These concentrations exceeded the soil quality standard of TPH and classified as category A for human hazard risk. The findings from this study show that there are considerable health risks which are potentially poisonous to humans in the local area. We recommend that remediation could be conducted using biological methods to reduce TPH pollution level.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 2; 184-193
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics of Surface Water in the Full-Dyke and Semi-Dyke Systems: A Case Study
Autorzy:: Khanh, Huynh Cong
Nam, Tran Sy
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173265.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: An Giang province
full-dyke system
semi-dyke system
surface water quality
Opis:: The present study aimed to assess the physicochemical characteristics of surface water in the full-dyke (FD) and semi-dyke (SD) systems of the An Giang province. Water samples were collected in both seasons in 2019 (1) the first monitoring phase in the dry season (April) and (2) the second monitoring phase in the rainy season (October). At each season, the surface water samples were collected at 15 sites in the FD system and 15 sites in the SD system to analyze the water quality parameters. The results showed that the concentrations of DO, COD, BOD, TSS, NO3-, NH4+, TKN, PO43- and TP parameters in the FD system were higher than in the SD system and there was a significant difference (p<0.05), except the value of pH and DO in the dry season. The DO, COD, BOD5 and TSS concentrations in the FD system tended to exceed the Vietnamese standard threshold (QCVN 08:2015/BTNMT, column B1), but in the SD system, these values were within the allowable limits of Vietnamese Standard. Other parameters, such as NO3-, NH4+, TKN, PO43- and TP exceeded the threshold of the Vietnamese standard in both systems. The results of this study provide the scientific information on water pollution inside the FD system. Therefore, it was expected that the local government of the An Giang province should have long-term strategies to manage the FD system to improve the water quality inside the FD system.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 7; 10--19
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Impact of Mining Activities in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin on Surface Water and Possibilities of its Reduction
Autorzy:: Harat, A.
Rapantova, N.
Grmela, A.
Adamczyk, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124075.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: mine water
Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB)
Olza Collector
Opis:: Due to the deposits of quality hard coal, the area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) has been one of the most industrialised regions in Europe for centuries. One of the most significant issues in terms of environmental impact and risks related to mining activities are the discharged mine waters. Mine water is pumped to the surface in great amount from mine workings of active underground mines both in Czech and Polish part of the USCB. In the past, the mine waters used to be discharged to nearby watercourses without systematic control of their amount and quality. It resulted in uncontrolled impacts on quality of the main rivers in the USCB. This is why a technically and economically demanding solution was adopted: discharging of mine (but also waste) waters through an artificial channel – so-called “Olza Collector” – directly to the Oder River, i.e. away of the Olza River and its minor tributaries. Automated control and dosing of waters to the Oder River depending on quality of the discharged waters and quality and quantity of the Oder surface water ensures maintaining of the total content of chlorides and sulphates in Oder below 500 mg/dm3 with the efficiency of more than 90% of days in a year.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 3; 61-69
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Assessment of Technogenic Loading on the Surface Water Bodies of the Separate Regions of the North-Western Black Sea
Autorzy:: Chugai, Angelina
Safranov, Tamerlan
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123925.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: quality assessment
pollutant
wastewater
technogenic loading module
Opis:: The assessment of surface water quality and technogenic loading on the separate regions of the North-Western Black Sea, namely the Mykolaiv region, was performed in this work. The water quality assessment was conducted using the graphical method that allows determining the suitability of water for the certain types of water using, as well as the method of calculating a water pollution combinatorial index. The estimation of the technogenic loading is based on calculating a technogenic loading module. It was found that the surface waters of the Mykolaiv region do not meet the requirements of fisheries in relation to most quality indicators. According to various standards, this surface water quality in this region is characterized by the “polluted” – “very dirty” categories. A reduction of the technogenic loading by the volume of wastewater discharges since 2006 can be determined. According to the pollutant discharge indicators, a steady decrease of the level of loading has been noted since 2005, which is caused by a reduction of wastewater discharges.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 5; 197-201
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: The Effect of Adjustable Outflow on the Fluctuations in the Level of Surface and Ground Water
Autorzy:: Grzywna, A.
Kowalczyk-Juśko, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123066.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: adjustable outflow
precipitation
surface water
ground water
Opis:: This paper aims to analyze the variability of the surface and ground water levels in Ambona peatlands. The depth at which the ground water table occurred was studied with reference to the adopted land drainage standards. The studies were carried out in 2009/10–2015/16 for natural and regulated water outflows. The analysis of annual total precipitation suggests that in the analyzed period some years were very wet (2009/10 and 2013/14), some were wet (2010/11, 2012/13 and 2015/16), one year was dry (2014/15) and one year was normal (2011/12). The 7-year average seasonal precipitation amounted to 598 mm, which was 71 mm higher than the average precipitation recorded in 30 years. The level of water in the river under adjustable outflow conditions ranged from 55 to 77 cm. The level of water under natural outflow ranged from 18 to 49 cm. In the area with adjustable outflow, the average draining depth was 47 cm. In the remaining area, not covered by the irrigation system, the draining depth was 64 cm. Additionally, the dynamics of variance in the water level under natural outflow conditions was clearly higher.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 2; 159-163
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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