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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Phenolic compounds and properties of antioxidants in grapevine roots [Vitis vinifera L.] under drought stress followed by recovery
    Autorzy:
    Weidner, S
    Karolak, M.
    Karamac, M.
    Kosinska, A.
    Amarowicz, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    soil condition
    drought stress
    oxidative stress
    root
    Vitis vinifera
    seedling
    plant root
    phenolic compound
    root tissue
    grape-vine
    soil moisture
    antioxidative system
    Opis:
    Grapevine seedlings Vitis vinifera were grown in a greenhouse under optimum conditions (soil moisture ca 70%) and under drought stress (soil moisture ca 35%). In addition, some of the plants subjected to drought underwent subsequent regeneration under optimum conditions. Drought stress caused accumulation of total phenolic compounds in grapevine roots, which may indicate that these compounds play an important role in the adaptation of roots to growth under stress conditions. Phenolic acids found in the roots occurred in the ester-bound form only. p-coumaric acid was present in the highest concentrations (6.2 to 10.5 µg/g fresh matter). The content of ferulic acid was lower, ranging from 2.4 to 4.6 µg/g fresh matter. The lowest concentration in grapevine roots was achieved by caffeic acid (2.4 to 2.9 µg/g fresh matter). The levels of p-coumaric and ferulic acids in roots rose significantly under the drought stress, while the concentration of caffeic acid increased during the post-drought recovery period. This may suggest that some of the phenolic acids protect plants under stress conditions. All the extracts from grapevine roots had antioxidative properties, but the antiradical activity of the extracts obtained from roots subjected to drought stress was inferior to the control. The same extracts were also characterised by depressed reducing power. The results imply that tolerance of grapevine to soil drought may be associated with the value of antioxidative potential in root tissues of these plants.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2009, 78, 2; 97-103
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in the ultrastructure of Capsicum annuum L. seedlings roots under aluminum stress conditions
    Zmiany w ultrastrukturze korzeni siewek Capsicum annuum L. w warunkach stresu glinowego
    Autorzy:
    Konarska, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28470.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    stress condition
    ultrastructural change
    root
    aluminium stress
    Capsicum annuum
    seedling
    plant
    aluminum zob.aluminium
    red pepper
    Opis:
    The effect of aluminum was investigated on the cell ultrastructure of roots of fourteen-day-old `Trapez` red pepper seedlings grown in water culture. Disorders in the cell structure were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). An analysis of longitudinal sections of the apical region of the control plants’ roots showed that cells of the cap and cells of the meristematic region had an arrangement and shape typical for these root regions, and cell organelles were properly developed. Changes in the cell structure under the infl uence of aluminum involved a reduction in the number of starch grains in the leucoplasts of the cap, the formation of lobate nuclei and a reduction in the number of cisternae in the dictyosomes as well as the damage of the cell membranes. Moreover, the swelling of mitochondria was observed with a simultaneous reduction in the number of mitochondrial cristae or the bursting of the membrane of these structures. In the vacuoles of the investigated root section, the presence of numerous electron-opaque large-sized formations was found, being most probably aluminum deposits. The cell wall, often thickened, was wavy or the formation of two walls in close distance was observed. The obtained results prove the high sensitivity of the studied red pepper cultivar to aluminum stress.
    Badano wpływ glinu na ultrastrukturę komórek korzenia czternastodniowych siewek papryki rocznej `Trapez` uprawianych w kulturach wodnych. Zaburzenia struktury komórek obserwowano w transmisyjnym mikroskopie elektronowym (TEM). Analiza podłużnych przekrojów wierzchołkowej strefy korzeni roślin kontrolnych wykazała, że komórki czapeczki i komórki strefy merystematycznej miały układ i kształt typowy dla tych stref korzenia, a organella komórkowe były prawidłowo wykształcone. Zmiany w strukturze komórek pod wpływem glinu polegały na redukcji liczby ziaren skrobi w leukoplastach czapeczki, tworzeniu płatowatych jąder oraz redukcji liczby cystern w diktiosomach, a także uszkodzeniu membran komórkowych. Zaobserwowano ponadto pęcznienie mitochondriów przy jednoczesnym zmniejszaniu się liczby grzebieni mitochondrialnych lub pękaniu otoczki tych struktur. W wakuolach badanego odcinka korzenia stwierdzono obecność licznych nieprzejrzystych elektronowo tworów o pokaźnych rozmiarach, będących najprawdopodobniej depozytami glinu. Ściana komórkowa była często zgrubiała, pofałdowana lub obserwowano tworzenie się dwu ścian w bliskim sąsiedztwie. Uzyskane wyniki świadczą o dużej wrażliwości badanej odmiany papryki na stres glinowy.
    Źródło:
    Acta Agrobotanica; 2008, 61, 1
    0065-0951
    2300-357X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Agrobotanica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Phenolic compounds and properties of antioxidants in grapevine roots [Vitis vinifera L.] under low-temperature stress followed by recovery
    Autorzy:
    Weidner, S
    Kordala, E.
    Brosowska-Arendt, W.
    Karamac, M.
    Kosinska, A.
    Amarowicz, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57473.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    oxidative stress
    environment condition
    plant growth
    root
    Vitis vinifera
    phenolic compound
    chill stress
    plant development
    grape-vine
    antioxidative system
    Opis:
    The research has been performed on roots of Vitis vinifera, cv. Himrod, obtained from seedlings grown under chill stress conditions (+10oC in the day and +7oC at night), under optimum conditions (+25oC in the day and +18oC at night) and from seedling which underwent a recover period after the chill stress treatment. The purpose of the study has been to determine quantitative and qualitative changes in phenolic compounds as well as to demonstrate changes in antiradical properties of extracts from grapevine roots, which appeared as a result of chill stress and during recovery under the optimum conditions following the stress. Phenolic compounds from grapevine roots were extracted using 80% acetone. The total content of phenolics was determined by colorimetry. The content of tannins was tested by precipitation with bovine serum albumin. The reducing power as well as DPPH• free radical and ABTS+• cation radical scavenging activity of the extracts were also tested. In order to identify phenolic compounds present in the extracts the RP-HPLC technique was employed. The tested material was found to contain tannins and three identified phenolic acids: ferulic, caffeic and p-coumaric ones. The latter occurred in the highest concentrations (from 4.46 to 6.28 µg/g fresh matter). Ferulic acid appeared in smaller amounts (from 1.68 to 2.65 µg/g fresh matter), followed by caffeic acid (from 0.87 to 1.55 µg/g fresh matter). Significantly less total phenolic compounds occurred in roots of seedlings subjected to chill stress. However, the total content of these compounds increased significantly in roots of plants which underwent recovery after chill stress. Concentration of tannins was determined by two methods. The content of condensed tannins was depressed in roots as a result of low temperature stress, whereas the content of condensed and hydrolysing tannins (determined via the BSA method) rose under chill stress conditions. A significant increase in tannins in root extracts (determined with both methods) was found during the recovery process after the stress. The three identified phenolic acids appeared in grapevine roots as ester-bound compounds. It has been demonstrated that the content of phenolic acids significantly fell as a result of low temperatures, but increased during recovery after chill stress. The weakest ability to scavenge DPPH• and ABTS+• free radicals as well as the reducing power were shown by the extract obtained from grapevine roots from the seedlings subjected to chill stress. Both free radical scavenging activity and reducing power were observed to increase considerably during recovery after stress. This seems to prove that during the recovery process following chill stress the synthesis of antioxidative compounds in grapevine roots is much more intensive.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2009, 78, 4; 279-286
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Proliferation of peroxisomes in pea root nodules - an influence of NaCl- or Hg2plus-stress conditions
    Autorzy:
    Borucki, W
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58800.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
    Tematy:
    proliferation
    peroxisome
    pea
    root nodule
    sodium chloride
    stress condition
    Pisum sativum
    cytochemistry
    catalase activity
    morphometry
    salinity
    mercury treatment
    Opis:
    Morphometric procedures were used to examine peroxisome number and di-stribution in pea (Pisum sativum L.) root nodules under NaCl (50 mM) or HgCl2 (7.3 µM) treatment. Peroxisomes were visualized cytochemically in meristem, invasion zone and prefixing zone of pea root nodules by catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) activity. The observations using light and electron microscopy revealed that the peroxisomes were predominantly spherical in shape and showed catalase activity. In nitrogen fixation zone, catalase active peroxisomes were observed occasionally. Bacteroids of nitrogen fixing zone showed enhanced cata-lase activity probably as a response to higher level of oxidative stress. Fluorescence microscopy investigations revealed enhanced level of (homo)glutathione in prefixing and nitrogen-fixing zone of NaCl- and Hg2+treated nodules, which served as an indicator of antioxidative response. Morphometric measurements revealed that during differentiation of meristematic cells into central tissue (bacteroidal tissue) cells an increase in peroxisome number was observed in unstressed nodules. Peroxisomes located in meristem, invasion zone and prefixing zone of NaCl- and Hg2+-treated nodules outnumbered that in control nodules. A substantial enlargement of peroxisome profiles was detected in NaCl- and Hg2+treated nodules. Peroxisome divisions observed in meristematic and infection thread penetration zone were responsible for an increase in peroxisome number.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2007, 76, 4; 287-298
    0001-6977
    2083-9480
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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