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Tytuł:
Investigation of Buildup Factor in Gamma-Ray Measurement
Autorzy:
Akyildirim, H.
Waheed, F.
Günoğlu, K.
Akkurt, İ.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031578.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
Gamma-rays measurement
Radiation protection
Buildup factor
Gamma Spectrometer
Geometry
Opis:
Gamma ray measurement is an important issue in nuclear technology, since it is widely used in industry, medicine, agriculture, education research, and some military applications. Gamma ray is also needed to build radiation protection, which is very useful for human health. When gamma radiation penetrates through shielding material, it generates two radiation components within or beyond the shield, namely: the uncollided and the collided photons. Therefore, the buildup factor is an important parameter for gamma ray measurement. Buildup factor is defined as the ratio of the total number of particles at a given point to the number of uncollided particles, at that same point. In this work, we evaluate the gamma-ray buildup factors for copper (Cu-29), as a function of energy, for 0.511, 0.662, 1.275 MeV, by using cesium and sodium radioactive sources. The results show that the value of energy buildup factor decreases with increasing gamma energy, and increases with increasing thickness. Moreover, it was found that at high energies (1.275 MeV), the absorption buildup factor is at minimum when the energy is at high level. The results also reveal that there is no contribution from the scattering photons to the value of buildup factor, in general, at low intensity levels, when the geometry structure is built well. While for bad geometry, the detector measures intensity, which is greater than that described by the main linear attenuation coefficient, because the scattered photons will be detected as well. All in all, in order to get rational results, a well geometry should be used for the future applications.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 1203-1206
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Realistic Measurement of Phase
Autorzy:
Paul, H.
Leonhardt, U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931520.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
03.65.Bz
42.50.Wm
Opis:
The experimental schemes for measuring quantum-mechanical phase properties of light suggested and partly also realized thus far, namely (i) amplification, with the help of a quantum amplifier, of the microscopic field before phase measurement, (ii) heterodyning the field with a strong local oscillator, and (iii) performing two separate homodyne measurements on the field after beam splitting, are compared from a theoretical point of view. They share the common feature that undesired noise enters the experimental setup, which makes the measurement fuzzy. It will be pointed out that all three schemes amount to measuring the Q function of the original field, and hence are fully equivalent. Since the Q function can be interpreted as a smoothed Wigner function, one may associate with the introduced noise a smoothing process in which intrinsically quantum-mechanical features displayed by finer details of the Wigner function - especially by the occurrence of negative values - are lost. As a consequence, the measured phase distribution will be broader than the "true" one based on the concept of a quantum-mechanical phase operator. In realistic experiments, the nonunit detection efficiency further deteriorates the measuring results. It will be shown that also this effect can be properly described by an (additional) smoothing process leading to a certain s-parametrized quasiprobability distribution, with a parameter s that is connected with the detection efficiency in a simple way, as the distribution that is actually measurable.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1994, 86, 1; 213-223
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of Wear in Orthopedic Prosthesis
Autorzy:
Sagbas, B.
Numan Durakbasa, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1490932.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
06.90.+v
Opis:
Wear in orthopedic prosthesis has been the main limiting factor of total joint replacement's service life. Wear analysis of total joint replacements is essential for determining failure mechanism, prediction of wear and longevity of implants. So it would be possible to improve design, material and manufacturing quality and service life of these devices. Radiographic, gravimetric, volumetric and optical techniques are current methods for measuring of wear in retrieved implants. Gravimetric method is the standardized method for quantifying wear volumes of total joint prosthesis. Although this method is effective for determining experimental wear volume in simulated conditions, it is not suitable for assessing the clinically retrieved prosthesis for which there is no pre-wear data available. Each of the wear measuring methods has advantages and limitations. Researches have been going on for developing effective methods. In this paper the techniques that are currently used for evaluating wear of orthopedic prosthesis like gravimetry, coordinate measuring machine, micro computed tomography, and digital photogrammetry are explained. The literature works and new trends in metrological assessment of wear are reviewed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 1; 131-134
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Examples of Post-Measurement Nonlocal Gates
Autorzy:
Song, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1489820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
03.67.Lx
03.65.Ud
Opis:
Several proposed quantum computer models include measurement processes, in order to implement nonlocal gates and create necessary entanglement resources during the computation. We discuss some examples in which the measurements can be delayed for two- and three-qubit nonlocal gates. We also discuss implementing arbitrary nonlocal gates when measurements are included during the process.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 3; 589-591
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wall Thickness Measurement of Pipes by Using Digital Radiography
Autorzy:
Cobanoglu, M.
Altinsoy, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
25.20.Dc
Opis:
One of the most important parameters in a pipeline to be monitored and measured is the wall thickness. Pipe wall thickness can vary after a certain period of time, as a result of accumulation of various chemical or physical effects. Pipe wall thickness can be monitored by the proper use of ultrasonic or radiographic inspection methods even while the plant is in operation. Only the radiographic method assures inspection without costly removal of insulation material during operation of the plant. The purpose of this study is to define the wall thickness of pipes by using digital radiography technique. The outer diameter of the studied pipes is ranging from 51 mm to 60.3 mm and wall thickness is ranging from 2.9 mm to 3.6 mm. Experiments were repeated by changing the "focal detector distance" and "pulse" parameters.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 4; 1261-1263
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement System for Fractional Glow Technique
Autorzy:
Pietkun, A.
Polakiewicz, L.
Oczkowski, H. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920791.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.60.Kn
Opis:
Some details of computerized arrangement for recording fractional thermoluminescence at high temperatures are presented. The investigation of energy distribution of traps for quartz crystals exemplifies the measurement procedure and data handling.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1992, 81, 6; 687-691
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Photoneutron Dose Measurement in Radiotherapy Room
Autorzy:
Kara, Ü.
Mesbahi, A.
Akkurt, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402425.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
87.56.-v
87.55.Qr
Opis:
Cancer is one of the main disease to threat for human health. Besides surgery and medical treatment (chemotherapy), radiotherapy is commonly used treatment method to kill cancer cell. For this method high energy photon is required. Clinic Lineer Accelerator (cLINAC) relatively lower energy than other LINAC has been used to obtain photon via bremsstrahlung processes. When accelerated electron beam impinges to the thin target bremsstrahlung occurs and photon can be created. Those photons can be focused on cancer cell and kill cancer. In order to focus photon beam collimator materials in LINAC head generally contains heavy elements is used and the interaction of bremsstrahlung photon with the such heavy nuclei the neutron can be produced inside the treatment rooms. The threshold of the neutron production for those materals is about 10 MeV. As the neutron is more dangerous than photon it is important to determine neutron dose during radiotherapy treatment. In this study neutron dose rate has been measured and simulated in radiotherapy room.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 2B; B-372-B-374
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Conception of Measurement Uncertainty Calculation
Autorzy:
Jakubiec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
06.20.F-
03.65.Ta
06.20.-f
Opis:
The paper presents a conception of uncertainty calculation of a result obtained in a direct measurement realized in conditions described by random errors. The conception basis on the error definition being an effect of analysis of a quantization process and, first of all, it permits to determine uncertainty of a single measurement result in measuring and control systems processing signals varying in time. Division of the errors into two types A and B permits elaboration of such a procedure which enables uncertainty calculation for an average value of a series of measurements in the way close to this one proposed by GUM and widely discussed in last years. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by examples showing practical properties of the presented uncertainty calculation procedures.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 124, 3; 436-444
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement, Modeling and Improvement of Optical Image Quality in Human Eyes
Autorzy:
Navarro, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030316.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
42.66.-p
42.15.Dp
Opis:
New objective methods to measure the optical aberrations of the eye are reviewed, in particular the probably more representative ones: Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and laser ray tracing. They are shown to be robust and provide highly reliable data, which are permitting to obtain many new results about the optics of the eye in basic and clinical studies. In addition, different experiments have demonstrated the correction of eye's aberration. Again two representative approaches are reviewed. The first results were obtained with the close-loop adaptive optics system developed at the University of Rochester. Later on, phase plates made by photosculpture in photoresist (placed in front of the eye like conventional lenses) have also permitted the correction of ocular aberrations. This is a new, but already very active field of research, which has open many new questions and a wide variety of applications.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2002, 101, 1; 147-158
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design and prototype manufacturing of a torque measurement system
Autorzy:
Karayel, D.
Yegin, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1068122.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
07.10.Pz
83.85.Ns
Opis:
In the present day, automobile manufacturers demand a certain torque range from hinges provided by supply industry. However, there are no torque measurement system used by the industry to measure this kind of mechanisms and the available systems cannot meet expectations. The purpose of this study is to design a computer-based torque measurement system and to produce its prototype. This system will be used to measure torque range of the vehicle front hood hinges and to control whether torque value is suitable or not. The developed system is an integrated mechatronic system that contains such subsystems as mechanical, electronic and control system. It is expected that the developed torque measurement system will fill an important gap in the relevant industrial sectors and will find widespread application area.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 1; 272-275
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Importance of Measurement Parameters for the Dental Implant Surface Characterization
Autorzy:
Gunay, A.
Sagbas, B.
Durakbasa, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.70.-q
Opis:
Pure titanium and its alloys have been widely used in biomedical applications on account of their biological and mechanical properties. Although the mechanical properties of titanium provide acceptable responses under dynamic pressures, surface modifications are needed in order to improve osseointegration between bone-implant interfaces. There are many different surface modification techniques like sand blasting, acid etching, or coating with various materials. Surface characterization is as important as surface modification for dental implants. Although many researchers studied about measurement of surface characteristics of dental implants with similar techniques but with different measurement parameters, there is still no consensus about the optimal surface characteristics values of a successful dental implant. Among many other surface characteristics, surface roughness is one of the most important features for dental implants. In this study, the importance of surface roughness measurement of dental implants is discussed and the need of a standardized procedure for implant surface roughness measurement is emphasized. In our experimental study three different processed surfaces as sand blasted and hydrofluoric acid etched surfaces, sand blasted and nitric acid etched surfaces and blasted surfaces were investigated. Results are compared via each method and each processing technique. It is aimed to highlight the importance of a standardized method for measuring and describing surface characteristics. More definitive, standardized methods are needed to augment the rather existing varied combined measurement parameters which affect the results for the assessment of biomedical surfaces.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 2; 484-487
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of Membrane Displacement Using a Motionless Camera
Autorzy:
Murawski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
06.30.Bp
07.05.Pj
07.07.Df
Opis:
The paper presents a technique for measuring membrane displacements with one motionless camera. The method relies on measuring the distance to an object based on one image obtained from a motionless camera with a fixed-focus lens. It is proven that the used technique allows monitoring the frequency and amplitude of vibration. The tests were performed for the oscillation frequency in the range from 0.5 Hz to 6 Hz and deviations from the neutral position in the range of ± 3 mm.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 1; 10-14
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of Energy Loss Straggling of Relativistic Electrons in Thin Aluminum Foils
Autorzy:
Ramesh Babu, S.
Badiger, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
34.50.Bw
Opis:
The mean energy loss straggling per unit path length of relativistic electrons in aluminum has been determined by recording electrons with a Si(Li) detector coupled to 8K multi channel analyzer. The energy loss straggling is determined by measuring the full width at half maximum of the spectrum of the incident and transmitted internal conversion electrons of energies 942 keV and 1016 keV from Bi²⁰⁷ source. Measured values have been compared with theoretical values indicating that the present method can be used for measuring mean energy loss straggling.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 6; 1118-1123
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement Stand for TeraEYE Inspection
Autorzy:
Piszczek, M.
Kowalski, M.
Szustakowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1493257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
02.60.-x
42.30.Tz
42.30.Sy
Opis:
Image fusion can be used as one of imaging methods. Connection of images acquired using different acquisition methods can deliver information invisible for traditional one imaging technique. Visible and thermal images connected in one image give information about shapes and temperature map of objects seen by cameras. If we connect stereoscopic visible image and thermal image we will have three-dimensional object model covered with temperature map. Dividing three-dimensional objects on elementary surfaces we can model this object energetically. Energetic modeling of measurement scene allows verifying measurement data acquired from devices working in terahertz frequency range. This method requires many measurement scene parameters to be registered. Some of these parameters can be used in a hybrid modelling process.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 120, 4; 720-724
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Michelson Interferometer Based Displacement Measurement Using Video Processing
Autorzy:
Bocekci, V.
Varol, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
07.60.Ly
81.05.Bx
07.05.Pj
Opis:
In this study, investigation of video processing method which is a new technique for precision displacement measurement is presented. The video processing method was integrated with an interferometric system and the thermal expansion results and linear thermal expansion coefficients of a heated sample metals were compared with theoretical results. Michelson interferometer setup was used in our study due to its advantages in precision displacement information of a visual output, called interferograms. In the experimental studies, signals of interferograms containing displacement information were obtained from the measurement system. The amount of displacement in the sample metals under the temperature variation due to thermal expansion was measured with the analysis program, written in Matlab/Simulink environment, with a micrometer precision. The measured displacement amounts were compared with the results of theoretical calculations. According to the theoretical values, the relative error of the values measured with video processing based method, was found found to be 0.3%
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 4; 934-936
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 80

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