Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "wheat yield" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Induced systemic resistance to wheat take-all disease by probiotic bacteria
    Autorzy:
    Jasem, A.M.
    Sharifi, R.
    Abbasi, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    plant disease
    soil-borne disease
    Gaeumannomyces tritici
    wheat yield
    induced systemic resistance
    probiotic bacteria
    methyl jasmonate
    methyl salicylate
    rhizobacteria
    Opis:
    In this study, the effect of six commercial biocontrol strains, Bacillus pumilus INR7, B. megaterium P2, B. subtilis GB03, B. subtilis S, B. subtilis AS and B. subtilis BS and four indigenous strains Achromobacter sp. B124, Pseudomonas geniculate B19, Serratia marcescens B29 and B. simplex B21 and two plant defense inducers, methyl salicylate (Me-SA) and methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) were assessed on suppression of wheat take-all disease. Treatments were applied either as soil drench or sprayed on shoots. In the soil drench method, the highest disease suppression was achieved in treatment with strains INR7, GB03, B19 and AS along with two chemical inducers. Bacillus subtilis S, as the worst treatment, suppressed take-all severity up to 56%. Both chemical inducers and bacterial strains AS and P2 exhibited the highest effect on suppression of take-all disease in the shoot spray method. Bacillus subtilis S suppressed the disease severity up to 49% and was again the worst strain. The efficacy of strains GB03 and B19 decreased significantly in the shoot spray method compared to the soil drench application method. Our results showed that most treatments had the same effect on take-all disease when they were applied as soil drench or sprayed on aerial parts. This means that induction of plant defense was the main mechanism in suppressing take-all disease by the given rhizobacteria. It also revealed that plant growth was reduced when it was treated with chemical inducers. In contrast, rhizobacteria not only suppressed the disease, but also increased plant growth.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Differences between organically grown varieties of spring wheat, in response to weed competition and yield
    Autorzy:
    Feledyn-Szewczyk, B.
    Jonczyk, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66147.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    competitive ability
    organic agriculture
    plant variation
    spring wheat
    wheat
    plant response
    weed competition
    yield
    Opis:
    When growing wheat, one of the non-chemical methods of weed regulation is to choose wheat varieties which have a high ability to compete with weeds. The first aim of the research was the estimation of the relationships between the morphological features and canopy parameters of six spring wheat varieties. The second aim was the estimation of the varieties’ competitive ability against weeds. The third aim was the estimation of the grain yield of the six varieties. The experiment was carried out in the 2011–2013 time period, on fields which had been organically managed since 1994. Different features affected the weed infestation levels of the spring wheat varieties. For Bombona, negative correlations between the number of weeds and the height, dry matter of wheat, and wheat density, were proved. For Brawura, Hewilla, and Żura, the height, number of tillers, and dry matter of wheat were the main factors influencing weed abundance. A strong negative correlation between the number of weeds and the dry matter of wheat was found for Parabola. Cluster analysis indicated that Bombona and Brawura were the most competitive against weeds, while Monsun and Parabola were characterized as being the least competitive against weeds. Weed number significantly affected the grain yield of spring wheat (r = –0.418). The grain yield was positively correlated with the number of tillers (r = 0.459) and ears (r = 0.355), and the height (r = 0.534) and wheat dry matter (r = 0.411). Bombona and Brawura were the lowest yielding varieties (3.03 and 3.20 t ∙ ha–1, respectively), whereas the highest yield was achieved by Żura (3.82 t ∙ ha–1, on average).
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2015, 55, 3
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    How do eyespot resistance genes transferred into winter wheat breeding lines affect their yield?
    Autorzy:
    Kwiatek, M.
    Wisniewska, H.
    Korbas, M.
    Gawlowska, M.
    Belter, J.
    Majka, M.
    Danielewicz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66314.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    eyespot
    resistance gene
    wheat
    winter wheat
    breeding line
    yield
    inoculation
    isoenzyme
    molecular marker
    plant resistance
    Triticum aestivum
    Opis:
    Eyespot can reduce yields, even up to 50%. There are four genetically characterized resistances in wheat varieties, controlled by: (1) the Pch1 gene, transferred from Aegilops ventricosa; (2) the Pch2 gene, originating from wheat variety Capelle Desprez; (3) the Pch3 gene, originating from Dasypyrum villosum; and (4) the Q.Pch.jic-5A gene, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) located on chromosome 5A of Capelle Desprez. However, those loci have drawbacks, such as linkage of Pch1 with deleterious traits and limited effectiveness of Pch2 against the disease. Here we present an initial study which aims to characterize wheat pre-registration breeding lines carrying 12 eyespot resistance genes, consider their resistance expression in inoculation tests and the influence of resistance genotypes on the yield. We selected four groups of breeding lines, carrying: (1) the Pch1 gene alone: one line; (2) the Pch2 gene alone: four lines; (3) the Q.Pch.jic-5A gene alone: one line; and (4) Pch1 + Q.Pch.jic-5A: three lines. For the first time, the effect of the combination of Pch1 and Q.Pch.jic-5A genes was compared with resistance conferred by Pch1 or Q.Pch.jic-5A alone. We found significant differences between infection scores evaluated in resistant lines carrying Pch1 and Q.Pch.jic-5A alone, while no differences in terms of the level of resistance expression were detected between Pch1 alone and Pch1 + Q.Pch.jic-5A, and between wheat lines carrying Pch1 and Pch2 alone. Moreover, we demonstrated that the Pch1 gene, together with an Ae. ventricosa segment, caused statistically significant yield losses, both as a single eyespot resistance source or in a combination with Q.Pch.jic-5A. Yield scores showed that wheat lines with Q.Pch.jic-5A had the highest yields, similar to the yielding potential of Pch2-bearing lines and control varieties.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 4
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk of damage to winter wheat by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides [Fron] Deighton, the causal agent of eyespot. I. Field observations
    Autorzy:
    Jaczewska-Kalicka, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65967.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides
    yield loss
    disease risk
    wheat
    plant protection
    field observation
    risk
    eyespot
    damage
    winter wheat
    Opis:
    Field studies were performed in the years 1986-1990 on the incidence, severity and harmfulness of eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) on naturally infected winter wheat cultivated in 6 regions of Poland. In average, over one-third of plants showed infection symptoms at GS 75-85 (ripening), the severity of the disease being predominantly low. On the basis of data recorded, infection indices (Scott and Hollins 1978) and percentages of grain yield losses (Clarkson 1981) were calculated for each year and region. Data are also given on the influence of disease on selected yield components, and on the effect of lodging on the occurrence and severity of eyespot, as related to grain yield, and some aspects of its quality. Average grain yield losses accounted for 2.37%, being the highest in south-eastern region (3.55%) and south-western region (3.52%), and the lowest in north-eastern (1.32%) and central (1.58%) regions of winter wheat cultivation in Poland.
    Obserwacje oraz pomiary polowe dotyczące pojawu i nasilenia występowania łamliwości źdźbła prowadzono we wszystkich rejonach uprawy pszenicy ozimej w Polsce w latach 1986-1990. Łącznie objęto badaniami 356 pól produkcyjnych pszenicy ozimej, naturalnie porażonej przez Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton. Choroba występowała powszechnie, ale nierównomiernie, porażając średnio w okresie 5 lat badań 39,39% roślin w czasie zbioru (GS 75-85). Najczęściej stwierdzano porażenie roślin w stopniu słabym (25,32%), natomiast rzadziej w stopniu średnim (10,38%) i stopniu silnym (3,69%). W efekcie tego porażenia średnie straty plonu wyniosły 2,37%, w zakresie od 1,32% (rejon II północno-wschodni) i 1,58% (rejon IV centralny) do 3,52% (rejon V południowo-zachodni) i 3,55% (rejon VI południowo-wschodni) . Warunki meteorologiczne najbardziej sprzyjały rozwojowi choroby w 1990 roku. Wpływ patogena na niektóre elementy plonu był najsilniejszy w odniesieniu do ciężaru ziarna z kłosa, a mniej wyraźny w stosunku do liczby ziarn w kłosie. Wyleganie zboża spowodowane wystąpieniem łamliwości źdźbła dodatkowo pogłębiało ilościowe i jakościowe straty plonu ziarna pszenicy ozimej. W konkluzji stwierdzono, że użycie fungicydów przeciwko łamliwości źdźbła jest usprawiedliwione tylko w rejonach i na polach szczególnie zagrożonych rozwojem choroby.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 1998, 38, 2
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk of damage to winter wheat by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides [Fron] Deighton, the causal agent of eyespot. II. Results of plot experiments
    Autorzy:
    Jaczewska-Kalicka, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66249.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides
    yield loss
    plot experiment
    wheat
    plant protection
    risk
    eyespot
    damage
    damage threshold
    winter wheat
    Opis:
    In 1987-1990 plot experiments with winter wheat were performed to investigate grain yield losses caused by Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Each year wheat was sown after a cereal forecrop to increase the disease risk. Eyespot developed under natural infection conditions. In 1988 an additional experiment was established on plots artificially inoculated with P. herpotrichoides to increase infection pressure. Experimental variants included plots protected with 5 benzimidazole fungicides to control the pathogen, and chemically unprotected plots. As the effectiveness of fungicides was satisfactory, the differences in grain yield from protected and unprotected plots were regarded as grain yield loss in conditions of lack of appropriate chemical control of the disease. Average grain yield losses for the years 1987-1990 amounted to 4.21 dt/ha (10.36%). The highest losses of 8.43 dt/ha (30.28%) occurred in 1990, when weather conditions were the most fovourable to the development of eyespot, and on artificially inoculated with P. herpotrichoides plots in 1988 (5.56 dt/ha, 12.75 %). The paper also presents detailed data on the occurrence and severity of eyespot at GS 75-85 as related to grain yield losses, and data on the influence of the disease on some yield components, with a special reference to 1000 grain weight. Correlation coefficients between the most important factors related to the disease incidence revealed that grain yield and 1000 grain weight were most strongly correlated with infection index at GS 75-85. A significant correlation between the disease occurrence at GS 31-32 and the above characteristics occurred only when more than 10% plants showed infection symptoms in the spring. Severe infection occurred only in 1990, when weather conditions were conductive to the development of the disease. The results presented are also discussed in relation to parallel field observations on 356 commercial fields located in all the regions of winter wheat cultivation in Poland, published elsewhere. lt has been concluded that chemical control of eyespot on the experimental plots could have been justified only in 1990 conductive to the disease development. Economical feasibility of using fungicides at GS 31-32 could be most likely to obtain with broad spectrum fungicides, effective against eyespot and other diseases occurring at early growth stages of winter wheat. This publication as well as the previous one published under the same title as Part I, are the first reports on grain yield losses caused in Poland by P. herpotrichoides.
    W latach 1987-1990 przeprowadzono doświadczenia poletkowe mające na celu zbadanie strat plonu ziarna powodowanych przez P. herpotrichoides w pszenicy ozimej . Aby zwiększyć ryzyko wystąpienia choroby stosowano przedplony zbożowe. Łamliwość źdźbła rozwijała się w warunkach naturalnej infekcji. W 1988 roku, w celu zwiększenia presji infekcyjnej przeprowadzono dodatkowo w jednym z doświadczeń sztuczne zakażenie poletek. W doświadczeniach uwzględniono poletka nieopryskiwane w okresie wegetacji fungicydami, oraz poletka opryskiwane w stadium wzrostu GS 31-32 5 fungicydami zawierającymi składniki aktywne z grupy benzymidazoli i przeznaczonymi do zwalczania łamliwości źdźbła. Skuteczność użytych preparatów w zwalczaniu choroby była wysoka, a różnice plonu ziarna z poletek opryskiwanych i nieopryskiwanych fungicydami dały podstawę do obliczenia strat plonu ziarna w warunkach braku odpowiedniej chemicznej ochrony. Średnie straty plonu ziarna w okresie prowadzenia doświadczeń wyniosły 4,21 dt/ha (10,36%). Najwyższe straty wynoszące 8,43 dt/ha (30,28%) wystąpiły w 1990 roku, w którym warunki dla rozwoju patogena były szczególnie sprzyjające oraz w 1988 roku na poletkach sztucznie zakażanych, gdzie stwierdzono spadek plonu o 5,56 dt/ha (12,75%). Badano również wpływ patogena na różne elementy struktury plonu oraz wzajemne korelacje. Zarówno plon, jak i masa 1000 ziarn najsilniej były skorelowane z indeksem porażenia roślin łamliwością w stadium GS 75-85 (okres dojrzewania). Istotna korelacja pomiędzy tymi wartościami w stadium GS 31-32, w którym zwykle ustala się potrzebę zwalczania patogena wystąpiła tylko wtedy, kiedy ponad 10% roślin wykazywało objawy chorobowe. Przedstawione wyniki doświadczeń poletkowych porównywano z obserwacjami prowadzonymi równocześnie na 356 polach produkcyjnych we wszystkich rejonach uprawy pszenicy w Polsce. Stwierdzono, że chemiczne zwalczanie łamliwości źdźbła w okresie prowadzenia doświadczeń mogło być ekonomicznie uzasadnione tylko w 1990 roku - sprzyjającym silnemu rozwojowi choroby. Na tej podstawie wywnioskowano, że najwyższe prawdopodobieństwo uzyskania ekonomicznej opłacalności standardowej chemicznej ochrony pszenicy ozimej w stadium wzrostu GS 31-32 może wystąpić w przypadkach stosowania preparatów o szerokim zakresie działania, wykazujących skuteczność tak przeciwko łamliwości źdźbła jak i innym chorobom zagrażającym roślinom w tym okresie.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 1998, 38, 2
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Plant height and yield components of inbred isogenic and F1 hybrid Rht dwarf wheats
    Autorzy:
    Flintham, J E
    Gale, M.D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044459.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    chemical hybridizing agent
    F1 hybrid
    wheat
    plant height
    grain yield
    hybrid genotype
    heterosis
    alpha-amylase
    enzyme activity
    breeding programme
    yield component
    Rht allele
    Opis:
    Single and double-gene Rhtl, Rht2, Rht3, Rht1 + Rht2 and Rht3 + Rht2 isogenic lines of wheat in four parental rht varieties were grown in drilled yield trials at four sites in 1989. The same lines were also grown in 1988 together with hybrid genotypes from CHA (chemical hybridising agent) F₁ production plots. In the inbred lines shorter than one metre, Rht alleles reduced total shoot biomass by shortening the straw; mass of straw per unit plant height was unaffected. Highest grain yield was obtained from plant heights between 70 and 100 cm. The Rht genotype achieving this stature varied according to parent varietal height. The hybrids grown allowed comparisons between intra- and inter-varietal crosses over a range of Rht genotypes. In F₁ hybrids positive heterosis was observed for plant height, grain yield and mean grain weight. Highest yields were obtained from inter-varietal hybrids carrying one, two or three doses of Rht1 or Rht2 or one dose of Rht3. An Rht3lrht hybrid showed resistance to premature α-amylase production during grain ripening.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 1; 73-83
    1234-1983
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Applied Genetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

      Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies