Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "saving" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
The cooling rate of the heated vapor compression cycle in case of using refrigerants R134a, R22, and R600a
Autorzy:
Abd-Elhady, Mohamed Salama
Melad, Emmanoueil Bishara
Abd-Elhalim, Mohamed
Seif Alnasr, Ahmed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
compression
cycle
power saving
refrigerant
refrigerating cycle
cooling rate
Opis:
The most power consuming part in the vapor compression cycle (VCC) is the gas compressor. Heating the refrigerant under constant volume after the compressor increases the condenser pressure, which consequently increases the cooling rate of the VCC. This study examined the influence of heating different refrigerants, i.e. R143a, R22, and R600a on the cooling rate of the VCC. Four experiments have been performed: the first experiment is a normal VCC, i.e. without heating, while in the second, third, and fourth experiments were carried out to raise the temperature of the refrigerant to 50◦C, 100◦C, and 150◦C. It has been found that heating raises the refrigerant pressure in VCC and thereby improves the refrigerant’s mass flow rate resulting in an improvement in the cooling power for the same compressor power. Heating the refrigerant after the mechanical compressor increases the temperature of the condenser as well as the temperature of the evaporator when using refrigerant R134a, which prevents the refrigeration cycle to be used in freezing applications, however using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R600a promotes the heated VCC to be used in freezing applications. Refrigerant R600a has the lowest operating pressure compared to R134a and R22, which promotes R600a to be used rather than R134a and R22 from a leakage point of view.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 2; 11-30
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pension literacy and consumers’ decisions in the context of pension system reforms
Autorzy:
Olejnik, Iwona
Białowąs, Sylwester
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/473656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
savings for old age
consumer behaviour
saving behaviour
pension literacy
Opis:
The research problem of this article is the evaluation of the correlation between the level of knowledge about pensions and the perception of the changes introduced by the government in the pension system, as well as the correlation between the knowledge and decisions made by consumers in connection with these changes. The study uses a triangulation of research methods. The used primary data were obtained from our qualitative and representative quantitative studies. The research was a part of National Science Centre’s research project (no. UMO-2012/05/B/HS4/04183). The level of knowledge, both objective and subjective about the pension system is low. The research positively verifies the hypothesis of the relationship between knowledge on the evaluation of the changes in the pension system and the decisions concerning additional saving. It must be highlighted that evaluations and decisions are associated with the self-assessment of one’s knowledge much more than by the actual level of one’s knowledge. The considerable challenge for the government and the institutions linked to the pension system is to build financial pension awareness and encourage saving.
Źródło:
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje; 2015, 29(2); 13-33
1640-1808
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy consumption modeling of processes in the automated manufacturing systems
Autorzy:
Honczarenko, J.
Berliński, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
proces produkcji
energochłonność
wydajność ekonomiczna
energy consumption
manufacturing process
saving energy
Opis:
High-tech manufacturing such as machining at high speeds, laser, electrical discharge machining are highly energy intensive. Automation of assistant processes such as transport, storage, quality control also causes increasing of energy consumption. In this context, important is estimating and minimize the volume used energy. The main contribution of paper is the evaluation method of energy production processes in automated production systems, based on the equation energy formulation. Simple calculation energy consumption example was also presented for elementary transport operations in a high storage depot. Implantation this method enables rating power consumption of manufacturing process on design stage where used are technical subsystems such as: machines, conveyors, manipulators etc. Designing processes with power rating consumption enable saving energy in manufacturing processes that is important for their economic efficiency.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2012, 3, 1; 92-96
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heuristic energy-saving virtual network embedding algorithm based on Katz centrality
Autorzy:
Zhu, Qiang
Wang, Qing-Jun
Zang, Mu-Jun
Wang, Zhen-Dong
Xiao, Chang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
energy-saving virtual network
integer linear programming
Katz centrality
network virtualization embedding
virtualization
Opis:
Current networks are designed for peak loads leading to low utilization of power resources. In order to solve this problem, a heuristic energy-saving virtual network embedding algorithm based on the Katz centrality (Katz-VNE) is proposed. For solving an energy-saving virtual network embedding problem, we introduce the Katz centrality to represent the node influence. In order to minimize the energy consumption of the substrate network, the energy-saving virtual network embedding problem is formulated as an integer linear program, and the Katz-VNE is used to solve this problem. The Katz-VNE tries to embed the virtual nodes onto the substrate nodes with high Katz centrality, which is effective, and uses the shortest paths offering the best factor of bandwidths to avoid the hot nodes. The simulation results demonstrate that the long-term average energy consumption of the substrate network is reduced significantly, and the long-term revenue/cost ratio, the acceptance rate of virtual network requests, and the hibernation rate of substrate nodes as well as links are improved significantly.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2020, 69, 3; 595-608
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drivers’ adaptive travel behaviors towards green transportation development: a critical review
Autorzy:
Shafaghat, A.
Keyvanfer, A.
Muslim, N. H. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
drivers' behaviors
adaptive behavior
green transportation
transportation emissions
fuel saving
safety
zachowania kierowców
bezpieczeństwo
transport
oszczędność paliwa
Opis:
The transportation professionals integrated the concept Green in various dimensions of transportation, such as, green vehicle, green highway. The current study has established a new dimension to green transportation, which is called Green Driver as whom substantially contributes to less emission and fuel consumption, and higher-safety. The research established the driver’s Green Adaptive Travel Behaviors (GATB), in particular, that is referred to voluntary personal and lifestyle behaviors on less energy consumption and emission. The methodology was designed into two phases. Phase one was to investigate driver’s GATBs through systematic literature review process and content analysis method. The second phase was to verify greenery value impact (GVI) of the finalized list of drivers’ GATBs through an expert input study and Grounded Group Decision Making (GGDM) method. Total twenty six (26) GATB factors have been determined. Amongst, the factor ‘F27- Dangerous overtaking’ has received the highest value (97%) followed with ‘F3- Slow once realizing bike lanes for cyclist crossing’ (91%). In contrast, ‘F4- Realize visual Obstacles to manage the speed’ and ‘F21- Brake with smooth deceleration’ has received the lowest value (77%) among other factors. Two of the initial factors;‘F5-Use traffic calming devices’ (55%), and ‘F24- Change highest possible gear’ (69%) could not reach the 70% saturation; hence, they have been dropped from the list of GATB factors. Indeed, the GATB efforts are not limited to technology and practice; but also can include education and enforcement to driving regulations in order to interconnect driver, technology, environment, and vehicle. The research concluded with an innovative technique used as the decision support tool to evaluate the greenery grade of any individual driver on committing to less emission, less fuel consumption, and higher safety in traveling. As future study, the Green driver behaviour index assessment model will be developed based on this study outputs.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2016, 38, 2; 49-70
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intelligent, energy saving power supply and control system of hoisting mine machine with compact and hybrid drive system
Inteligentne, energooszczędne układy zasilania i sterowania górniczych maszyn wyciągowych z napędem zintegrowanym lub hybrydowym
Autorzy:
Szymański, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220156.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hoisting machine
energy saving supply system
digital control
predictive control
maszyna wyciągowa
zasilanie energooszczędne
sterowanie cyfrowe
sterowanie predykcyjne
Opis:
In the paper present’s an analysis of suitableness an application of compact and hybrid drive system in hoisting machine. In the paper presented the review of constructional solutions of hoisting machines drive system, driving with AC and DC motor. In the paper presented conception of modern, energy sparing hoisting machine supply system, composed with compact motor, an supplied with transistor or thyristor converter supply system, and intelligent control system composed with multilevel microprocessor controller. In the paper present’s also analysis of suitableness application an selected method of artificial intelligent in hoisting machine control system, automation system, and modern diagnostic system. In the paper one limited to analysis of: fuzzy logic method, genetic algorithms method, and modern neural net II and III generation. That method enables realization of complex control algorithms of hosting machine with insurance of energy sparing exploitation conditions, monitoring of exploitation parameters, and prediction diagnostic of hoisting machine technical state, minimization a number of failure states. In the paper present’s a conception of control and diagnostic system of the hoisting machine based on fuzzy logic neural set control. In the chapter presented also a selected control algorithms and results of computer simulations realized for particular mathematical models of hoisting machine. Results of theoretical investigation were partly verified in laboratory and industrial experiments.
Przedstawiono analizę celowości wprowadzania, napędów zintegrowanych oraz napędów hybrydowych, do układów napędowych maszyn wyciągowych. Zamieszczono przegląd rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych wybranych hybrydowych oraz zintegrowanych napędów maszyn wyciągowych z silnikami DC i AC. Opisano koncepcję nowoczesnego, energooszczędnego układu zasilania górniczych maszyny wyciągowej, złożonego z silnika zintegrowanego, (tranzystorowego lub tyrystorowego) zasilacza przekształtnikowego, oraz inteligentnego obwodu sterowania zbudowanego na wielopoziomowych sterownikach mikroprocesorowych. Przedstawiono analizę możliwości zastosowania wybranych metod sztucznej inteligencji w układach sterowania, automatyki oraz diagnostyki maszyn wyciągowych. W referacie ograniczono się do analizy metod sterowania rozmytego, metod algorytmów genetycznych oraz nowoczesnych sieci neuronowych II oraz III generacji. Metody te zapewniają realizację złożonych algorytmów sterowania maszyną wyciągową z zapewnieniem energooszczędnych warunków eksploatacyjnych, monitoringu parametrów eksploatacyjnych oraz predykcyjną diagnostykę stanu technicznego maszyny wyciągowej, minimalizującą liczbę stanów awaryjnych. Przedstawiono koncepcję układu sterowania i diagnostyki maszyny bazującej na metodzie: fuzzy-logic neuro set control system (sterowanie rozmyte w sieciach neuronowych). Przedstawiono wybrane algorytmy sterowania oraz wyniki analiz komputerowych wybranych modeli matematycznych maszyny wyciągowej. Wyniki rozważań teoretycznych zostały częściowo sprawdzone w warunkach laboratoryjnych oraz przemysłowych.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2015, 60, 1; 239-251
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuel saving index assessment on driving behavior control system of prototype model using neural network
Autorzy:
Munahar, Suroto
Triwiyatno, Aris
Munadi, M.
Setiavan, Joga Dharma
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Fuel Saving Index
FSI
fuel consumption
stoichiometry
driving behaviour
neural network
wskaźnik oszczędności paliwa
zużycie paliwa
stechiometria
zachowanie podczas jazdy
sieć neuronowa
Opis:
Efficient fuel consumption in the world is essential in automotive technology development due to the increase in vehicle usage and the decrease in global oil production. Several studies have been conducted to increase fuel consumption savings, Fuel Cells (FCs), the application of alternative energy vehicles and the Engine Control Unit (ECU) system. FCs do not require oil energy to propel the vehicle, so this technology promises to reduce energy consumption and emissions. However, this research still leaves problems. FCs are susceptible to short circuit hazards, and ownership costs are very high. Alternative energy applications produce less power, less responsive acceleration, and insufficient energy sources to enter mass production. The ECU application still has an orientation toward achieving stoichiometry values, so the increase in fuel efficiency has the potential to be improved. Driving behavior is a variable that has a close relationship with fuel consumption efficiency. However, research on driving behavior is only studied for implementation in autonomous car-following technologies, safety systems, charging needs characteristic of electric vehicles, emission controls, and display images on invehicle information systems. Meanwhile, research on driving behavior as a control system to improve fuel efficiency has not been carried out. To that end, this study proposes the use of driving behavior for a newly designed control system to improve fuel efficiency. The control system in this research is a prototype model to be assessed using the Fuel Saving Index (FSI) analysis. An artificial neural network is used to help the recognition of driving behavior. The results showed that the newly designed control system was categorized on scale IV of FSI. On this scale, the power generated by the engine is quite optimal when it is in the eco-scheme driving behavior. The driving behavior control system can significantly improve the efficiency of fuel consumption. Air to Fuel Ratio (AFR) is achieved above the stoichiometric value.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2022, 63, 3; 123--141
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Świadomość Polaków dotycząca dodatkowego oszczędzania na starość — próba oceny oraz identyfikacji niezbędnych działań
The awareness of the Poles regarding supplementary old-age savings: an assessment and identification of necessary actions
Autorzy:
Cichowicz, Ewa
Rutecka-Góra, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/473273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
świadomość emerytalna
dodatkowy system emerytalny
oszczędzanie na emeryturę
wiedza finansowa
edukacja finansowa
pension awareness
supplementary old-age pension
pension saving
economic knowledge
economic education
Opis:
W artykule podjęto zagadnienie gromadzenia przez Polaków dodatkowych środków na okres starości. Głównym celem badawczym jest ocena świadomości polskiego społeczeń-stwa w sferze dobrowolnego oszczędzania na cele emerytalne. Analizy dokonano w opar-ciu o publikacje eksperckie, raporty z badań i komunikaty agencji badawczych. Wykorzy¬stano metodę badania dokumentów, analizy i krytyki piśmiennictwa, analizy i konstrukcji logicznej oraz metodę statystyczną. Rozpoczynając od charakterystyki dostępnych w Polsce form dodatkowych produktów emerytalnych, oceniono następnie poziom świadomości emerytalnej oraz postawy Polaków wobec akumulowania kapitału w długim okresie. Na podstawie wyników można mówić o niskiej świadomości emerytalnej Polaków i istotnej niewiedzy, co do możliwych form zabezpieczenia na okres starości. W ostatniej części wskazano kierunki działań prowadzących do poprawy wiedzy w zakresie dodatkowego oszczędzania
The article focuses on the problem of individual savings ensuring extra means for old age and the assessment of old-age pension awareness among the Poles. The analysis was based on the data from experts' publications, available research reports and the results of opinion polls. The authors employed several methods: literature analysis, logical con- struction and statistical method. First, we characterize supplementary old-age provisions available in Poland. Then we assess the level of pension awareness and the attitude of the Poles towards long-term saving. The results indicate a low level of pension awareness and significant gaps in knowledge about old-age security among the Poles. Finally, we point out necessary actions which should be taken to increase the economic knowledge of the Poles, especially in the area of supplementary old-age saving.
Źródło:
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje; 2017, 38(3); 89-103
1640-1808
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

    Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies