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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 33
Tytuł:
Autonomous vs. heteronomous mode of action control and task performance: The role of the situational context and action vs. state orientation
Autorzy:
Kadzikowska-Wrzosek, Romana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
autonomy
external control
self-regulation
state-orientation vs. action-orientation
Opis:
The article presents the results of two experimental studies in which I investigated the effect of the situational context (autonomy-supportive vs. external control) and action vs. state orientation on perseverance and efficacy in task performance. The results of Study 1 (n = 40) confirmed that in a context which supports autonomy - as opposed to one which induces external control - people are much more likely to be not only more persistent and effective in their actions but also much more interested in the performed task. Interest in the performed task seems to also be - to some extent- a mediator in the relationship between persistence and efficacy. The results of Study 2 (n = 69) confirmed that a context, which supports autonomy positively, affects both persistence and efficacy. At the same time, the study shows that in a context, which supports autonomy, action-oriented people are more persistent and efficient in their actions than are state-oriented people. What is more, in an autonomy-supporting context, action-oriented people have a more positive attitude towards a given task than do state-oriented people.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 3; 433-446
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Texture and Microtexture of Pure (6N) and Commercially Pure Aluminum after Deformation by Extrusion with Forward-Backward Rotating Die (Kobo)
Autorzy:
Bieda, M.
Boczkal, S.
Koprowski, P.
Sztwiertnia, K.
Pieła, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
pure aluminium
KOBO
texture
EBSD
orientation microscopy
Opis:
Pure aluminium (6N) and commercially pure aluminium (99.7) was deformed by KOBO method. Microstructure and texture of both materials after deformation was analyzed by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Advanced methods of crystallographic orientations measurements like Electron Backscatter Diffraction - EBSD (SEM) and microdiffraction (TEM) was used. Grain size distribution and misorientation between grains in cross and longitudinal sections of the samples were analyzed. Differences in size and homogeneity of the grains were observed in both materials. Pure aluminium was characterized by larger grain size in both sections of extruded material. Whereas commercially pure aluminium reveals smaller grain size and more homogeneous and stable microstructure.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 461-468
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Remittances As Home Orientation Rooted in the Lifeworlds of Immigrants
Autorzy:
Sandu, Dumitru
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
home orientation
remittances
deprivation
communication behaviours
return intentions
Opis:
The study considers remittances as part of the lifeworlds of immigrants in multiple interactions with return intentions and communication with those left behind. This is an alternative view of the standard approach to remittances as a possible source of development or as a variable to be explained by family solidarity, investment projects or the reasons for return. The key dependent variable is the home orientation of immigrants as a function of remittances, return intentions and communication behaviours, measured in quantitative and typological terms. The typological analysis of home orientation diverges from the standard approach, which is in terms of high or low intensity of cross-border activities of remitting or communicating between immigrants and those they have left behind. It argues for the fact that cross-border activities combine in different ways to generate specific social types of remitting practices. The remitting behaviours of migrants are, in our approach, multidimensional, encompassing economic, social and cultural content. Three hypotheses are formulated on: 1) collective deprivation in remitting money; 2) survival–development–identification strategies of migrants’ families; and 3) higher predictability of home orientation compared to economic remitting behaviours. In this context, higher predictability means greater variation of the synthetic variable of home orientation by social, cultural and economic factors as compared to the impact of the same factors on the more abstract variable of economic remittances.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2016, 5, 2; 81-98
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examining attitudes and the law on homosexuality in non-Western Societies: The example of Ghana in West Africa
Autorzy:
Oppong, Seth
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LBGTs
sexual orientation disturbance
attitude towards homosexuality
Ghana
Opis:
The discourse on homosexually has largely remained Euro-American with a focus on human right of African homosexuals residing in Africa. However, current debates in Africa have centered on the cultural acceptability, legality as well as mental health concerns presumed to be associated with homosexuality. The paper approaches the issue of homosexuality from a perspective that is sensitive to the cultural context of Ghana and also through a non-Euro-American lens. The author attempts to address some of the misunderstanding about the legal status of homosexuals and the negative attitudes in Ghana. The paper concludes that Ghanaians face a paradox of accepting homosexuality because it cannot be understood to further growth of human society from their perspective. Similarly, if Ghanaians view homosexuality as a mental health issue, then it is more appropriate to decriminalize it as it is not appropriate to criminalize mental disorders. Reconceptualizing the issue as a human rights one in which both anti- and pro-homosexual religious and sexual rights respectively are accommodated may be more progressive than promoting one set of rights at the expense of the other. Though Ghana is the focus of this paper, it is believed that the discussions presented are applicable to the rest of Africa and other non-Western societies.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 4; 416-423
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of crystallographic orientation on creep resistance of single-crystal superalloy
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Barbara
Gancarczyk, Kamil
Poręba, Marek
Albrecht, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176142.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CMSX-4 superalloys
creep resistance
crystal orientation
microstructure
Opis:
This paper focuses on the influence of crystallographic orientation on creep resistance of CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy. The single-crystal rods of CMSX-4 superalloy were manufactured with the use of the Bridgman method at a withdrawal rate of 3 mm/min. The crystallographic orientation of the rods was determined by the X-ray Ω-scan method with OD-EFG diffractometer and the Laue back-reflection technique. The creep tests were performed at a temperature of 982°C and the value of stress σ = 248 MPa. Microstructural investigation before and after the creep test of CMSX-4 superalloy was performed using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the distribution of the values of α angle strongly affects the creep resistance of a single-crystal superalloy
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2020, 44, 3; 93-98
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cenozoic stress field in the southwestern Antarctic Peninsula from brittle mesostructures in Wright Peninsula, Adelaide Island
Autorzy:
Maestro, Adolfo
López-Martínez, Jerónimo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Antarctica
Adelaide Island
fore−arc basin
palaeostress orientation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2011, 1; 39-58
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cognitive and emotional predictors of episodic and dispositional forgiveness
Autorzy:
Mróz, Justyna
Kaleta, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
emotional control
positive orientation
forgiveness
basic hope
affectivity
Opis:
The study examined the importance of cognitive (positive orientation, basic hope) and emotional (positive and negative affectivity, emotional control) variables for state and trait forgiveness. One hundred and thirty nine participants completed six inventories in Polish version: HFS (Thompson et al., 2005), TRIM (McCullough et al., 1998), P-Scale (Caprara et al., 2012), BHI-12 (Trzebiński & Zięba, 2003a), SUPIN (Polish version of PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), CECS (Watson & Greer, 1983). Results showed that dispositional forgiveness (general and positive) was associated with cognitive and emotional predictors, whereas episodic forgiveness primarily with certain emotional variables. In addition, the results indicated that emotional predictors merely participate in the process of reducing unforgiveness, whereas cognitive and emotional variables were shown to be necessary for full forgiveness.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 2; 143-153
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brain Functional Asymmetry of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): the Example of Auditory Laterality
Autorzy:
Szymańska, Justyna
Trojan, Maciej
Jakucińska, Anna
Wejchert, Katarzyna
Kapusta, Maciej
Sikorska, Julia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
auditory laterality
chimpanzee behaviour
functional asymmetry
lateralization
orientation reaction
Opis:
The aim of this study was to verify whether chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) demonstrate an auditory laterality during the orientation reaction, and which hemisphere is responsible for processing the emotional stimuli and which for the species-specific vocalizations. The study involved nine chimpanzees from the Warsaw Municipal Zoological Garden. They were tested individually in their bedrooms. Chimpanzees approached a tube filled with food, located in the centre of the cage. Randomly selected sounds were played from the speakers when the subject was focused on getting food. Individual reactions were observed and outcomes reported. The four types of sound used: thunderstorm, dog barking, chimpanzee vocalization and a zoo-keeper’s voice. To test whether chimpanzees demonstrate auditory laterality we used a single sample X2 test. The existence of auditory laterality has been confirmed. The sound of the storm caused the orientation reaction to the left, while chimpanzee vocalization – to the right. On this basis we can conclude that among chimpanzees, arousing stimuli are being processed by the right hemisphere, and species-specific vocalizations by the left. However, the set of stimuli was limited so the study did not unequivocally resolve this issue.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 1; 87-92
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Individual Differences in Coping with Mortality Salience in Germany vs. Poland: Cultural World View or Personal View Defense?
Autorzy:
Wojdylo, Kamila
Kazén, Miguel
Kuhl, Julius
Mitina, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430868.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Terror Management Theory
PSI Theory
Germany
Polska
Action Orientation
Opis:
We investigated the influence of personality and culture on effects of mortality salience (MS) over cultural worldview defense (CWVD). We hypothesized that CWVD reactions to MS differ between Germany and Poland because of the higher conservatism of the latter country, and that they are moderated by action vs. state orientation. In this study German (N=112) and Polish (N=72), participants were exposed either to MS or to a control condition (dental pain). Punishment ratings to trivial offences and serious social transgressions were measures of CWVD. Results showed that social transgressions in both conditions were more strongly punished in Poland than in Germany. Additionally, compared to the control condition, under MS action oriented punished serious transgressions more strongly in Germany whereas state oriented punished serious transgressions more strongly in Poland. That is, the effects of MS on CWVD are moderated by personality and culture. We interpret the opposite pattern of punishment to serious social transgressions given by action and state orientedin in Germany and Poland, respectively, according to the higher emotional autonomy of action-oriented persons in either culture.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 2; 249-256
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preparation of Twinned Dendrites of Al-Zn Alloy with High Zn Content
Autorzy:
Gao, K.
Song, W.
Fan, L.
Ding, Y.
Guo, X.
Zhang, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
twinned dendrite
microstructure
growth orientation
deviation angle
Opis:
Twinned dendrites in Al-Zn alloy with high Zn content (40% wt.%) were successfully prepared by directional solidification. At different directional solidification rates (1000 and 1500 μm/s), microstructures and growth orientation variations of Al twinned dendrite and non-twinned dendrite were characterized. By using the inverted trapezoidal graphite sleeve at 1000 μm/s, Al twinned dendrite were formed to developed feather crystal structures in longitudinal section. Its primary and secondary twinned dendrite were grew along [110] direction. Moreover the deviation angle between [110] direction of Al twinned dendrite and the heat flow direction was about 27.15°. While not using the inverted trapezoidal graphite sleeve at 1000 and 1500 μm/s, Al dendrite was the non-twinned dendrite and the twinned dendrite was not appeared. The experimental results showed that the higher temperature gradient, a certain pulling rate and convection environment were the formation conditions of twinned dendrites.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1657-1662
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formation of homosexual orientation of men in adolescence
Autorzy:
Katra, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
homosexuality
sexual orientation
adolescence
mental-internal and behavioural-external experiences
Opis:
The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of homosexual men connected with the formation of their sexual orientation in adolescence. A comparative study of 27 young adult homosexual men and 28 heterosexual men of similar age used a categorised interview questionnaire consisting of two parts: the first with questions regarding sexual dreams, fantasies and erotic encounters; the second with questions on family and social circumstances. The study yielded an abundance of interesting data on the psychological circumstances of homosexual men during the formation of sexual orientation and its awareness as well as differences and similarities in that area between homosexual and heterosexual men. For instance, it revealed experience patterns concerning the formation of sexual identity and personal attitudes toward one’s sexual orientation characteristic of homosexual persons. The study verified the main hypothesis that mental-internal experiences precede behavioural-external ones both in homosexual and heterosexual persons.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 3; 326-333
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and phase transformations near the bonding zone of al/cu clad manufactured by explosive welding
Zmiany mikrostrukturalne i fazowe w pobliżu strefy połączenia układu warstwowego al/cu wytworzonego technologią zgrzewania wybuchowego
Autorzy:
Paul, H.
Lityńska-Dobrzyńska, L.
Miszczyk, M.
Prażmowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
intermetallic inclusion
interface
transmission electron microscopy
orientation mapping
explosive welding
Opis:
The structure near the interface of bimetallic strips strongly influences their properties. In this work, the interfacial layers of explosively welded aluminium and copper plates were investigated by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), equipped with a high resolution system for local orientation measurements (SEMFEG/EBSD), and a transmission electron microscope (TEM), equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX) for the analysis of chemical composition changes. The SEMFEG/EBSD-based local orientation measurements in the areas close to the interface, in both sheets, revealed fine-grained layers characterized by the clearly marked tendency of the copper-type rolling texture formation. The texture was described by an increased density of the orientations near the f112g<111>, f123g<634>and f110g<112>positions. The internal microstructure of the intermetallic inclusion is mostly composed of dendrites. The electron diffractions and the TEM/EDX chemical composition measurements in the intermetallic inclusions revealed only crystalline phases, both equilibrium and 'metastable'. Additionally, no significant regularity in the phase distribution with respect to the parent sheets was observed.
Mikrostruktura w pobliżu strefy połączenia silnie wpływa na własności układów bimetalowych. W niniejszej pracy analizie poddano układy warstwowe Al/Cu wytworzone technologia zgrzewania wybuchowego. Badania prowadzono z wykorzystaniem skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej wyposażonej w wysokorozdzielczy system pomiaru orientacji lokalnych oraz transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej wyposażonej w analizator składu chemicznego. Systematyczne pomiary orientacji lokalnych w pobliżu strefy połączenia, w obydwu łączonych płytach, ujawniają formowanie się strefy silnie rozdrobnionych ziaren. Strefa ta scharakteryzowana jest przez formowanie się tekstury walcowania typu miedzi z dobrze uwidocznionymi składowymi zbliżonymi do położeń: f112g<111>, f123g<634> oraz f110g<112>. Wewnętrzna struktura 'intermetalicznych inkluzji' zbudowana jest z dendrytów. Badania z wykorzystaniem elektronowej mikroskopii transmisyjnej dokumentują, ze wewnątrz strefy przetopień następuje formowanie się faz krystalicznych, zarówno równowagowych jak i 'metastabilnych'. Skład chemiczny formujących się faz nie wykazywał związku z położeniem ziaren względem płyt bazowych.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 4; 1151-1162
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determinig of an object orientation in 3D space using direction cosine matrix and non-stationary Kalman filter
Autorzy:
Bieda, R.
Jaskot, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/230018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
direction cosine matrix
strapdown integration
IMU signals fusion
object orientation
Opis:
This paper describes a method which determines the parameters of an object orientation in 3D space. The rotation angles calculation bases on the signals fusion obtained from the inertial measurement unit (IMU). The IMU measuring system provides information from a linear acceleration sensors (accelerometers), the Earth’s magnetic field sensors (magnetometers) and the angular velocity sensors (gyroscopes). Information about the object orientation is presented in the form of direction cosine matrix whose elements are observed in the state vector of the non-stationary Kalman filter. The vector components allow to determine the rotation angles (roll, pitch and yaw) associated with the object. The resulting waveforms, for different rotation angles, have no negative attributes associated with the construction and operation of the IMU measuring system. The described solution enables simple, fast and effective implementation of the proposed method in the IMU measuring systems
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2016, 26, 2; 223-244
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MIMO Beam Selection in 5G Using Neural Networks
Autorzy:
Ruseckas, Julius
Molis, Gediminas
Bogucka, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
5G
context information
MIMO beam orientation
machine learning
neural networks
Opis:
In this paper, we consider cell-discovery problem in 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems using multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) beam-forming technique. Specifically, we aim at the proper beam selection method using context-awareness of the user-equipment to reduce latency in beam/cell identification. Due to high path-loss in mmWave systems, beam-forming technique is extensively used to increase Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). When seeking to increase user discovery distance, narrow beam must be formed. Thus, a number of possible beam orientations and consequently time needed for the discovery increases significantly when random scanning approach is used. The idea presented here is to reduce latency by employing artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) algorithms to guess the best beam orientation using context information from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), lidars and cameras, and use the knowledge to swiftly initiate communication with the base station. To this end, here, we propose a simple neural network to predict beam orientation from GNSS and lidar data. Results show that using only GNSS data one can get acceptable performance for practical applications. This finding can be useful for user devices with limited processing power.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 4; 693--698
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field Dependence, Efficiency of Information Processing in Working Memory and Susceptibility to Orientation Illusions among Architects
Autorzy:
Młyniec, Agnieszka
Bednarek, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-04-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
working memory
weaker inhibition
task-switching
orientation illusions
field dependence
architects
Opis:
This study examined cognitive predictors of susceptibility to orientation illusions: Poggendorff, Ponzo, and Zöllner. It was assumed that lower efficiency of information processing in WM and higher field dependence are conducive to orientation illusions. 61 architects (30 women) aged M = 29, +/- 1.6, and 49 university students (29 women) aged M = 23.53, +/- 4.24, were tested with Witkin’s EFT to assess their field dependence; the SWATT method was used as a measure of WM efficiency, and susceptibility to visual illusions was verified with a series of computer tasks. We obtained a small range of the explained variance in the regression models including FDI and WM indicators. On the basis of WM efficiency indicators, we managed to confirm the existence of memory predictors of susceptibility to illusions (they are rather weak, as they explain from 6% to 14% of the variance of the dependent variable). Among the architects, lower efficiency of WM processing (weaker inhibition, task-switching) and higher field dependence are responsible for greater susceptibility to orientation illusions.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 1; 112-122
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 33

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