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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20
Tytuł:
Modeling of KERENA emergency condenser
Autorzy:
Bryk, R.
Schmidt, H.
Mull, T.
Wagner, T.
Ganzmann, I.
Herbst, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
Kerena
emergency condenser
Modelica
OpenModelica
kondensacja
kondensator awaryjny
Opis:
KERENA is an innovative boiling water reactor concept equipped with several passive safety systems. For the experimental verification of performance of the systems and for codes validation, the Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA) was built in Karlstein, Germany. The emergency condenser (EC) system transfers heat from the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) to the core flooding pool in case of water level decrease in the RPV. EC is composed of a large number of slightly inclined tubes. During accident conditions, steam enters into the tubes and condenses due to the contact of the tubes with cold water at the secondary side. The condensed water flows then back to the RPV due to gravity. In this paper two approaches for modeling of condensation in slightly inclined tubes are compared and verified against experiments. The first approach is based on the flow regime map. Depending on the regime, heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to specific semi-empirical correlation. The second approach uses a general, fully-empirical correlation. The models are developed with utilization of the object-oriented Modelica language and the open-source OpenModelica environment. The results are compared with data obtained during a large scale integral test, simulating loss of coolant accident performed at Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA). The comparison shows a good agreement. Due to the modularity of models, both of them may be used in the future in systems incorporating condensation in horizontal or slightly inclined tubes. Depending on his preferences, the modeller may choose one-equation based approach or more sophisticated model composed of several exchangeable semi-empirical correlations.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2017, 38, 4; 29--51
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on the process of recovering low-temperature waste heat from a flue gas in a pilot-scale plant
Autorzy:
Szulc, P.
Tietze, T.
Wójs, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat recovery
condensation
inert gas
odzysk ciepła
kondensacja
gaz obojętny
Opis:
This paper presents studies carried out in a pilot-scale plant for recovery of waste heat from a flue gas which has been built in a lignite-fired power plant. The purpose of the studies was to check the operation of the heat recovery system in a pilot scale, while the purpose of the plant was recovery of waste heat from the flue gas in the form of hot water with a temperature of approx. 90 °C. The main part of the test rig was a condensing heat exchanger designed and built on the basis of laboratory tests conducted by the authors of this paper. Tests conducted on the pilot-scale plant concerned the thermal and flow parameters of the condensing heat exchanger as well as the impact of the volumetric flow rate of the flue gas and the cooling water on the heat flux recovered. Results show that the system with a condensing heat exchanger for recovery of low-temperature waste heat from the flue gas enables the recovery of much higher heat flux as compared with conventional systems without a condensing heat exchanger.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 4; 529-543
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling of pressure drop during refrigerant condensation in pipe minichannels
Autorzy:
Sikora, M.
Bohdal, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
minichannels
pressure drop
refrigerant
condensation
minikanał
spadek ciśnienia
chłodziwo
kondensacja
Opis:
Investigations of refrigerant condensation in pipe minichannels are very challenging and complicated issue. Due to the multitude of influences very important is mathematical and computer modeling. Its allows for performing calculations for many different refrigerants under different flow conditions. A large number of experimental results published in the literature allows for experimental verification of correctness of the models. In this work is presented a mathematical model for calculation of flow resistance during condensation of refrigerants in the pipe minichannel. The model was developed in environment based on conservation equations. The results of calculations were verified by authors own experimental investigations results.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2017, 38, 4; 15--28
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study of flow condensation in conventional and small diameter tubes
Autorzy:
Mikielewicz, D.
Andrzejczyk, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kondensacja w przepływie
minikanały
wymiana ciepła
flow condensation
heat transfer
minichannels
Opis:
Flow boiling and flow condensation are often regarded as two opposite or symmetrical phenomena. Their description however with a single correlation has yet to be suggested. In the case of flow boiling in minichannels there is mostly encountered the annular flow structure, where the bubble generation is not present. Similar picture holds for the case of inside tube condensation, where annular flow structure predominates. In such case the heat transfer coefficient is primarily dependent on the convective mechanism. In the paper a method developed earlier by the first author is applied to calculations of heat transfer coefficient for inside tube condensation. The method has been verified using experimental data from literature on several fluids in different microchannels and compared to three well established correlations for calculations of heat transfer coefficient in flow condensation. It clearly stems from the results presented here that the flow condensation can be modeled in terms of appropriately devised pressure drop.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2012, 33, 2; 67-83
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of flow structures during HFE-7100 refrigerant condensation
Autorzy:
Bohdal, T.
Sikora, M.
Widomska, K.
Radchenko, A. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
minichannels
flow structures
refrigerant
kondensacja
minikanał
struktura przepływu
czynnik chłodniczy
Opis:
The experimental research of environmentally friendly refrigerant HFE-7100 condensation in pipe minichannels was conducted. During the investigations of HFE-7100 condensation in a minichannel with internal diameter 2 mm together with visualization of flow patterns was made. Visualization results were compared with existing flow structure maps. The identification of the range of flow patterns occurrence during the condensation process of low-pressure refrigerant HFE-7100 was made. The tests were performed throughout the whole range of condensation process.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2015, 36, 4; 25-34
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental investigations into the impact of the void fraction on the condensation characteristics of R134a refrigerant in minichannels under conditions of periodic instability
Autorzy:
Kuczyński, W.
Charun, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kondensacja
minikanały
okresowe niestabilności
udział objętościowy
condensation
minichannels
Periodic instabilities
void fraction
Opis:
This paper present the results of experimental investigations of condensation of R134a refrigerant in pipe minichannels with internal diameters 0.64, 0.90, 1.40, 1.44, 1.92 and 3.30 mm subject to periodic pressure instabilities. It was established that as in conventional channels, the displacement velocity of the pressure instabilities distinctly depends on the frequency of their hydrodynamic generation. The void fraction distinctly influences the velocity of the pressure instabilities. The form of this relationship depends on the internal diameter of the minichannels and on the method of calculating the void fraction.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 2; 21-37
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of computer image analyzes in the investigation of refrigerants condensation in minichannels
Autorzy:
Sikora, Małgorzata
Bohdal, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
flow structures
image analyze
minichannels
kondensacja
struktury przepływu
analiza obrazu
minikanały
Opis:
The image analysis consists in extracting from the information which is available to the observer of the part that is important from the perspective of the investigated process. This process usually accompanies a considerable reduction in the amount of information from the image. In the field of two-phase flows, computer image analysis can be used to determine flow and geometric parameters of flow patterns. This article presents the possibilities of using this method to determine the void fraction, vapor quality, bubble velocity and the geometric dimensions of flow patterns. The use of computer image analysis methods is illustrated by the example of HFE 7100 refrigerant methoxynonafluorobutane condensation in a glass tubular minichannel. The high speed video camera was used for the study, and the films and individual frames received during the study were analyzed.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 1; 103-114
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A late Albian ammonite assemblage from the mid-Cretaceous succession at Annopol, Poland
Autorzy:
Kennedy, W. J.
Machalski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ammonites
albian
Cretaceous
Annopol
Polska
condensation
stratigraphy
amonity
alb
kreda
Polska
kondensacja
stratygrafia
Opis:
A previously unrecorded ammonite assemblage, comprising Lepthoplites sp., Callihoplites tetragonus (Seeley, 1865), C. cf. tetragonus, Arrhaphoceras cf. substuderi Spath, 1923, Cantabrigites sp., Stoliczkaiella (Stoliczkaiella) sp., Hamites cf. duplicatus Pictet and Campiche, 1861, H. cf. subvirgulatus Spath, 1941, and H. cf. venetzianus Pictet, 1847, is described from the mid-Cretaceous condensed succession at Annopol, Poland. These specimens are preserved as pale phosphates or sandstone moulds in a bed of reworked phosphatic nodules near the top of the Albian. This assemblage has many species in common with the late late Albian faunas from condensed deposits of England, Switzerland, and France. The presence of Callihoplites tetragonus indicates the lowermost upper upper Albian Mortoniceras fallax Zone. The ammonites studied are the youngest elements in the phosphate bed, which also contains taxa as old as the middle Albian Hoplites dentatus Zone. This bed originated through condensation and reworking of nodules and fossils in a period of low net sedimentation rate, being probably a reflection of a sea-level drop at the boundary between the classic ammonite zones of Mortoniceras inflatum and Stoliczkaiella dispar.
Źródło:
Acta Geologica Polonica; 2015, 65, 4; 545-553
0001-5709
Pojawia się w:
Acta Geologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Steam condensation analysis in a power plant condenser
Autorzy:
Drożyński, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
heat transfer
inert gases
power plant condenser
kondensacja
transport ciepła
gazy obojętne
skraplacz energetyczny
Opis:
Proposed is the analysis of steam condensation in the presence of inert gases in a power plant condenser. The presence of inert, noncondensable gases in a condenser is highly undesirable due to its negative effect on the efficiency of the entire cycle. In general, thermodynamics has not provided an explicit criterion for assessing the irreversible heat transfer process. The method presented here enables to evaluate precisely processes occurring in power plant condensers. This real process is of particular interest as it involves a number of thermal layers through which heat transfer is observed. The analysis was performed using a simple, known in the literature and well verified Berman’s model of steam condensation in the presence of non-condensable gases. Adapted to the geometry of the condenser, the model enables, for instance, to recognise places where non-condensable gases are concentrated. By describing with sufficient precision thermodynamic processes taking place in the vicinity of the heat transfer area segment, it is possible to determine the distributions of thermodynamic parameters on the boundaries between successive layers. The obtained results allow for the recognition of processes which contribute in varying degrees to irreversible energy degradation during steam condensation in various parts of the examined device.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2018, 39, 4; 3-32
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heat transfer during condensation of refrigerants in tubular minichannels
Autorzy:
Bohdal, T.
Charun, H.
Sikora, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/239949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chłodzenie
kompaktowy kondensator
kondensacja w minikanałach
wymiana ciepła
compact condenser
condensation in minichannels
heat transfer
refrigeration
Opis:
Abstract The present paper describes the results of experimental investigations of heat transfer during condensation of R134a, R404A and R407C in pipe minichannels with internal diameters 0.31-3.30 mm. The results concern investigations of the local heat transfer coefficient. The results were compared with the correlations proposed by other authors. Within the range of examined parameters of the condensation process in minichannels made of stainless steel, it was established that the values of the heat transfer coefficient may be described with Akers et al., Mikielewicz and Shah correlations within a limited range of the mass flux density of the refrigerant and the minichannel diameter. On the basis of experimental investigations, the authors proposed their own correlation for the calculation of local heat transfer coefficient.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2012, 33, 2; 3-22
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Condensation enhancement by means of electrohydrodynamic techniques
Autorzy:
Butrymowicz, D.
Karwacki, J.
Trela, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/239917.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
electrohydrodynamic technique
heat transfer enhancement
enhanced tubes
kondensacja
elektrohydrodynamika
technika
intensyfikacja wymiany ciepła
rura
wzmocnienie
Opis:
Short state-of-the-art on the enhancement of condensation heat transfer techniques by means of condensate drainage is presented in this paper. The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique is suitable for dielectric media used in refrigeration, organic Rankine cycles and heat pump devices. The electric field is commonly generated in the case of horizontal tubes by means of a rod-type electrode or mesh electrodes. Authors proposed two geometries in the presented own experimental investigations. The first one was an electrode placed just beneath the tube bottom and the second one consisted of a horizontal finned tube with a double electrode placed beneath the tube. The experimental investigations of these two configurations for condensation of refrigerant R-123 have been accomplished. The obtained results confirmed that the application of the EHD technique for the investigated tube and electrode arrangement caused significant increase in heat transfer coefficient. The condensation enhancement depends both on the geometry of the electrode system and on the applied voltage.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2014, 35, 4; 3-27
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Condensation of refrigerant R407C in multiport minichannel section
Autorzy:
Bohdal, T.
Charun, H.
Sikora, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
condensation
minichannels
R407C refrigerant
heat exchanger
kondensacja
minikanały
czynnik chłodniczy R407C
wymiennik ciepła
Opis:
Analysis of the state of-the-art in research of refrigerant condensation in miniature heat exchangers, so-called multiports, was made. Results of refrigerant R407C condensation in a mini condenser made in the form of two bundles of tubular minichannels from stainless steel with an inside diameter 0.64 mm and length 100 mm have been presented. Two exchangers consisted of four minichannels and 8 minichannels have been investigated. The values of average heat transfer coefficient and frictional pressure drops throughout the condensation process were designated. The impact of the vapor quality of refrigerant and the mass flux density on the intensity of heat transfer and flow resistance were illustrated. A comparative analysis of test results for various refrigerants in both mini heat exchangers were made.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2016, 37, 4; 3-18
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative study of heat transfer and pressure drop during flow boiling and flow condensation in minichannels
Autorzy:
Mikielewicz, D.
Andrzejczyk, R.
Jakubowska, B.
Mikielewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
two-phase pressure drops
heat transfer coefficient
boiling
condensation
dwufazowy spadek ciśnienia
współczynnik przenikania ciepła
wrzenie
kondensacja
Opis:
In the paper a method developed earlier by authors is applied to calculations of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient for flow boiling and also flow condensation for some recent data collected from literature for such fluids as R404a, R600a, R290, R32,R134a, R1234yf and other. The modification of interface shear stresses between flow boiling and flow condensation in annular flow structure are considered through incorporation of the so called blowing parameter. The shear stress between vapor phase and liquid phase is generally a function of nonisothermal effects. The mechanism of modification of shear stresses at the vapor-liquid interface has been presented in detail. In case of annular flow it contributes to thickening and thinning of the liquid film, which corresponds to condensation and boiling respectively. There is also a different influence of heat flux on the modification of shear stress in the bubbly flow structure, where it affects bubble nucleation. In that case the effect of applied heat flux is considered. As a result a modified form of the two-phase flow multiplier is obtained, in which the nonadiabatic effect is clearly pronounced.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2014, 35, 3; 17-37
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The analysis of thermal and flow characteristics of the condensation of refrigerant zeotropic mixtures in minichannels
Autorzy:
Bohdal, T.
Widomska, K.
Sikora, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
minichannels
condensation
zeotropic mixture
heat transfer coefficient
pressure drop
minikanał
kondensacja
mieszanina zeotropowa
współczynnik przewodnictwa cieplnego
spadek ciśnienia
Opis:
The paper presents the results of experimental heat transfer and pressure drop during condensation of the single component refrigerant R134a and zeotropic mixtures R404A, R407C, and R410A in tube minichannels of internal diameter from the range 0.31–3.30 mm. The local values and the average of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in the whole range of the change in mass quality were measured. On the basis of the obtained test results there was illustrated the influence of the change of mass vapor quality, the mass flux density, and the inner diameter of channel on the studied parameters. These results were compared with the calculation results based on the relations postulated by other authors. The discrepancy range was ± 50%. On the basis of given test results own correlation was developed to calculate the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of tested refrigerants which presents the obtained results in a range of discrepancy of ±25%.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2016, 37, 2; 41-69
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heat transfer in helical coil heat exchanger:An experimental parametric study
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Krzysztof
Downarowicz, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
helical coil
heat exchanger
condensation
Wilson method
laminar flow
pressure drop
wymiennik ciepła
kondensacja
Metoda Wilsona
przepływ laminarny
Spadek ciśnienia
Opis:
Helical coil heat exchangers are widely used in a variety of industry applications such as refrigerationsystems, process plants and heat recovery. In this study, the effect of Reynolds number and theoperating temperature on heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop for laminar flow conditions wasinvestigated. Experiments were carried out in a shell and tube heat exchanger with a copper coiledpipe (4 mm ID, length of 1.7 m and coil pitch of 7.5 mm) in the temperature range from 243 to 273 K.Air – propan-2-ol vapor mixture and coolant (methylsilicone oil) flowed inside and around the coil,respectively. The fluid flow in the shell-side was kept constant, while in the coil it was varied from 6.6to 26.6 m/s (the Reynolds number below the critical value of 7600). Results showed that the helicalpipe provided higher heat transfer performance than a straight pipe with the same dimensions. Theconvective coefficients were determined using the Wilson method. The values for the coiled pipe werein the range of 3–40 W/m2·K. They increased with increasing the gas flow rate and decreasing thecoolant temperature.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2019, 40, 1; 101--114
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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