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Tytuł:
A case study of working fluid selection for a small-scale waste heat recovery ORC system
Autorzy:
Klimaszewski, Piotr
Zaniewski, Dawid
Witanowski, Łukasz
Suchocki, Tomasz
Klonowicz, Piotr
Lampart, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
waste heat recovery
organic Rankine cycle
ORC fluids
heat exchangers
turboexpander
ciepło odpadowe
odzysk ciepła
ORC
organiczny cykl Rankine'a
wymienniki ciepła
turboekspander
Opis:
The paper illustrates a case study of fluid selection for an internal combustion engine heat recovery organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system having the net power of about 30 kW. Various criteria of fluid selection are discussed. Particular attention is paid to thermodynamic performance of the system and human safety. The selection of working fluid for the ORC system has a large impact on the next steps of the design process, i.e., the working substance affects the turbine design and the size and type of heat exchangers. The final choice is usually a compromise between thermodynamic performance, safety and impact on natural environment. The most important parameters in thermodynamic analysis include calculations of net generated power and ORC cycle efficiency. Some level of toxicity and flammability can be accepted only if the leakages are very low. The fluid thermal stability level has to be taken into account too. The economy is a key aspect from the commercial point of view and that includes not only the fluid cost but also other costs which are the consequence of particular fluid selection. The paper discusses various configurations of the ORC system – with and without a regenerator and with direct or indirect evaporation. The selected working fluids for the considered particular power plant include toluene, DMC (dimethyl carbonate) and MM (hexamethyldisiloxane). Their advantages and disadvantages are outlined.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 3; 159-180
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study of transcritical carbon dioxide cycles with heat regeneration
Autorzy:
Trela, M.
Kwidziński, R.
Butrymowicz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/239921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CO2 thermodynamic cycle
near-critical region
heat regeneration
thermal efficiency
CO2
cykl termodynamiczny
obszar około-krytyczny
regeneracja ciepła
sprawność cieplna
Opis:
The paper presents an efficiency analysis of two transcritical CO2 power cycles with regenerative heaters. For the proposed cycles, calculations of thermal efficiency are given for selected values of operating parameters. It was assumed that the highest working temperature and pressure are in the range from 600 to 700°C and 40 to 50 MPa, respectively. The purpose of the calculations was optimization of the pressure and mass flows in the regenerative heaters to achieve maximum cycle efficiency. It follows that for the assumed upper CO2 parameters, efficiency of 51-54% can be reached, which is comparable to the efficiency of a supercritical advanced power cycle considered by Dostal.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 3; 197-217
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alternative cogeneration thermodynamic cycles for domestic ORC
Autorzy:
Mikielewicz, D.
Wajs, J.
Mikielewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microcogeneration
thermodynamic cycle
power generation
mikrokogeneracja
cykl termodynamiczny
wytwarzanie energii
Opis:
The Organic Flash Cycle (OFC) is suggested as a vapor power cycle that could potentially improve the efficiency of utilization of the heat source. Low and medium temperature finite thermal sources are considered in the cycle. Additionally the OFC’s aim is to reduce temperature difference during heat addition. The study examines 2 different fluids. Comparisons are drawn between the OFC and an optimized basic Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). Preliminary results show that ethanol and water are better suited for the ORC and OFC due to higher power output. Results also show that the single flash OFC achieves better efficiencies than the optimized basic ORC. Although the OFC improves the heat addition exergetic efficiency, this advantage was negated by irreversibility introduced during flash evaporation.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 1; 75--84
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An innovative ecological hybrid refrigeration cycle for high power refrigeration facility
Autorzy:
Cyklis, P.
Janisz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hybrid ecological refrigeration cycle
adsorption
compression
hybrydowy ekologiczny cykl chłodniczy
adsorpcja
kompresja
Opis:
Searching for new refrigerants is one of the most significant scientific problems in refrigeration. There are ecological refrigerants commonly known: H2O and CO2. H2O and CO2 known as natural refrigerants, but they have problems:a high freezing point of H2O and a low triple point of CO2. These problems can be solved by the application of a hybrid sorption-compression refrigeration cycle. The cycle combines the application possibility of H2O in the high temperature sorption stage and the low temperature application of CO2 in the compression stage. This solution gives significant energy savings in comparison with the two-stage compressor cycle and with the one-stage transcritical CO2 cycle. Besides, the sorption cycle may be powered by low temperature waste heat or renewable heat. This is an original idea of the authors. In the paper an analysis of the possible extension of this solution for high capacity industrial refrigeration is presented. The estimated energy savings as well as TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact) index for ecological gains are calculated.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2015, 36, 3; 321-330
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Durability of the Toothed Segment Based on FEM Analysis and Low Fatigue Cycle Test
Autorzy:
Piekło, J.
Maj, M.
Żuczek, R.
Pysz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
design life cycle
fatigue analysis
fatigue criteria
low fatigue cycle test
cykl życia
analiza zmęczeniowa
kryteria zmęczeniowe
niskocyklowe badanie zmęczeniowe
Opis:
The development of a novel design for the toothed segment of drive transmission in longwall shearer is expected to significantly reduce the cost of individual components of the feed system and the related work of repair and renovations, increasing at the same time the safety of mine repair teams. The conducted experimental and numerical analysis of the state of stress and strain in the innovative design of the toothed segment has enabled estimating the maximum effort of the developed structure. Based on the results of fundamental mechanical studies of the cast L20HGSNM steel and fatigue tests combined with the numerical stress/strain analysis, the fatigue life curve was plotted for the examined casting of the rack.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 113-118
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of effeciency of waste heat conversion in low-temperature Brayton cycle
Autorzy:
Borsukiewicz, A.
Stawicki, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Brayton cycle
working fluid
low temperature source
low temperature power plant
Cykl Braytona
temperatura
elektrownia o niskiej temperaturze
Opis:
The paper discusses the feasibility, effectiveness and validity of a gas turbine power plant, operated according to the Brayton comparative cycle in order to develop low-potential waste heat (160◦C) and convert it into electricity. Fourteen working fluids, mainly with organic origin have been examined. It can be concluded that low molecular weight working fluids allow to obtain higher power efficiency of Brayton cycle only if conversions without taking into account internal losses are considered. For the cycle that takes into account the compression conversion efficiency in the compressor and expansion in the gas turbine, the highest efficiency was obtained for the perfluoropentane working medium and other substances with relatively high molecular weight values. However, even for the cycle using internal heat recovery, the thermal efficiency of the Brayton cycle did not exceed 7%.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 1; 103--112
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of optimisation methods applied to thermal cycle of a coal fired power plant
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Ł.
Elsner, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermodynamic optimisation
Nelder-Mead method
thermal cycle
coal fired power plant
IPSEpro
optymalizacja termodynamiczna
metoda Neldera-Meada
cykl termiczny
elektrownia węglowa
Opis:
The paper presents a thermodynamic optimization of 900 MW power unit for ultra-supercritical parameters, modified according to AD700 concept. The aim of the study was to verify two optimisation methods, i.e., the finding the minimum of a constrained nonlinear multivariable function (fmincon) and the Nelder-Mead method with their own constrain functions. The analysis was carried out using IPSEpro software combined with MAT-LAB, where gross power generation efficiency was chosen as the objective function. In comparison with the Nelder-Mead method it was shown that using fmincon function gives reasonable results and a significant reduction of computational time. Unfortunately, with the increased number of decision parameters, the benefit measured by the increase in efficiency is becoming smaller. An important drawback of fmincon method is also a lack of repeatability by using different starting points. The obtained results led to the conclusion, that the Nelder-Mead method is a better tool for optimisation of thermal cycles with a high degree of complexity like the coal-fired power unit.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 4; 175-186
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of selected water disinfection technologies with the use of life cycle assessment
Porównawcza analiza wybranych technologii dezynfekcji wody przy wykorzystaniu środowiskowej analizy cyklu życia
Autorzy:
Jachimowski, Artur
Nitkiewicz, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LCA
life cycle assessment
drinking water
sodium hypochlorite
chlorination
water disinfection
UV disinfection
cykl życia
woda pitna
podchloryn sodu
chlorowanie
dezynfekcja wody
dezynfekcja UV
Opis:
The objective of the paper is to use life cycle assessment to compare environmental impact of different technologies used in the process of water disinfection. Two scenarios are developed for water disinfection life cycle at ZUW Raba water treatment plant: (1) historical, in which gaseous chlorine is used as a disinfectant and (2) actual, in which UV radiation and electrolytically generated sodium hypochlorite are used for that purpose. Primary data is supplemented with ecoinvent 3 database records. Environmental impact is assessed by IMPACT2002+ method and its midpoint and endpoint indicators that are calculated with the use of SimaPro 8.4 software. The focus of the assessment is on selected life cycle phases: disinfection process itself and the water distribution process that follows. The assessment uses the data on flows and emissions streams as observed in the Raba plant. As the results of primal analysis show, a change of disinfectant results in quantitative changes in THMs and free chlorine in water supplied to the water supply network. The results of analysis confirm the higher potential of THMs formation and higher environmental impact of the combined method of UV/NaClO disinfection in distribution phase and in whole life cycle, mainly due to the increase of human toxicity factors. However, during the disinfection phase, gaseous chlorine use is more harmful for environment. But the final conclusion states that water quality indicators are not significant in the context of LCA, while both disinfection and distribution phases are concerned.
Celem artykułu było pokazanie wykorzystania środowiskowej oceny cyklu życia (LCA) do porównania wpływu na środowisko różnych technologii stosowanych w procesie dezynfekcji wody. Dla cyklu życia procesu dezynfekcji wody w zakładzie uzdatniania wody Raba Miejskiego Przedsiębiorstwa Wodociągów i Kanalizacji (MPWiK) w Krakowie w niniejszej pracy zostały sformułowane dwa scenariusze: (1) historyczny, w którym dezynfektantem jest chlor gazowy oraz (2) bieżący, w którym tę rolę spełnia układ dwustopniowy z promieniowaniem UV i podchlorynem sodu. Podstawowe dane były uzupełniane rekordami bazy danych ecoinvent 3. Oddziaływanie środowiskowe poddano ocenie przy wykorzystaniu metody IMPACT2002+. Pośrednie i końcowe wskaźniki kategorii wpływu wyliczono przy wykorzystaniu oprogramowania SimPro 8. Analiza obejmowała wybrane fazy cyklu życia: sam proces dezynfekcji i następujący po nim proces dystrybucji wody. W ocenie wykorzystano dane ilościowe o przepływach i emisjach w procesie dezynfekcji wody z wybranego zakładu uzdatniania wody. Wyniki wstępnych analiz pokazują, że zmiana dezynfektanta powoduje zmiany ilościowe trihalometanów (THM) i chloru wolnego w wodzie dostarczanej do sieci wodociągowej. Analiza wskazuje, że w fazie dezynfekcji użycie chloru gazowego jest bardziej szkodliwe dla środowiska. Natomiast wyniki analizy potwierdzają wyższy potencjał tworzenia się THM i większy wpływ na środowisko połączonej metody dezynfekcji UV/NaClO w fazie dystrybucji wody.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2019, 45, 3; 3-10
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of an impulse and a reaction turbine stage for an ORC power plant
Autorzy:
Zaniewski, Dawid
Klimaszewski, Piotr
Witanowski, Łukasz
Jędzejewski, Łukasz
Klonowicz, Piotr
Lampart, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CFD
waste heat recovery
steam turbine
organic Rankine cycle
ciepło odpadowe
odzysk ciepła
ORC
organiczny cykl Rankine'a
Opis:
Turbine stages can be divided into two types: impulse stages and reaction stages. The advantages of one type over the second one are generally known based on the basic physics of turbine stage. In this paper these differences between mentioned two types of turbines were indicated on the example of single stage turbines dedicated to work in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems. The turbines for two ORC cases were analysed: the plant generating up to 30 kW and up to 300 kW of net electric power, respectively. Mentioned ORC systems operate with different working fluids: DMC (dimethyl carbonate) for the 30 kW power plant and MM (hexamethyldisiloxane) for the 300 kW power plant. The turbines were compared according to three major issues: thermodynamic and aerodynamic performance, mechanical and manufacturing aspects. The analysis was performed by means of the 0D turbomachinery theory and 3D computational aerodynamic calculations. As a result of this analysis, the paper indicates conclusions which type of turbine is a recommended choice to use in ORC systems taking into account the features of these systems.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 3; 137-157
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Criteria for selection of working fluid in low-temperature ORC
Autorzy:
Mikielewicz, D.
Mikielewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
micro CHP
organic Rankine cycle
mikro CHP
organiczny cykl Rankine'a
Opis:
The economics of an ORC system is strictly linked to thermodynamic properties of the working fluid. A bad choice of working fluid could lead to a less efficient and expensive plant/generation unit. Some selection criteria have been put forward by various authors, incorporating thermodynamic properties, provided in literature but these do not have a general character. In the paper a simple analysis has been carried out which resulted in development of thermodynamic criteria for selection of an appropriate working fluid for subcritical and supercritical cycles. The postulated criteria are expressed in terms of non-dimensional numbers, which are characteristic for different fluids. The efficiency of the cycle is in a close relation to these numbers. The criteria are suitable for initial fluid selection. Such criteria should be used with other ones related to environmental impact, economy, system size, etc. Examples of such criteria have been also presented which may be helpful in rating of heat exchangers, which takes into account both heat transfer and flow resistance of the working fluid.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 3; 429-440
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of dual flywheels with connecting rods for gamma-type Stirling engine
Autorzy:
Lekchaum, S.
Locharoenrat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200723.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Stirling engine
Stirling cycle
flywheels
connecting rod
silnik Stirlinga
cykl Stirlinga
koła zamachowe
korbowód
Opis:
A gamma-type Stirling engine, based on a dual flywheels’ concept, was designed and fabricated. Optimized design of the engine, with connecting rods, was introduced to achieve a steady state of the Stirling engine cycle. Performances of the engine were therefore presented in terms of piston motion, inertia force, angular speed, pressure-volume diagram and temperature difference. It was found that optimum length of 45 mm from the connecting rod was able to reach the maximum output mechanical speed of 738 rpm at the maximum inertia force of 0.5 N. The engine offered thermal efficiency of 46.15% and total output power of 1.21 W under the temperature difference of 267 K. In the future, this design is expected to prove useful for applications in portable generators.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2018, 66, 6; 919-924
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dual ORC-Brayton power system for waste heat recovery in heavy-duty vehicles
Autorzy:
Cholewiński, M.
Pospolita, W.
Błoński, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
organic Rankine cycle
Brayton cycle
energy efficiency
road transport
waste heat utilization
cykl Rankina
cykl Braytona
efektywność energetyczna
transport drogowy
wykorzystanie ciepła odpadowego
Opis:
Reducing the amount of energy required in industrial activities is one of the proven ways to achieve major cost savings, especially in the face of soaring energy prices. In the transport sector, besides the financial benefits, low energy consumption leads to the significant reduction of emissions of many pollutants. In this paper the new concept of dual power technology, dedicated to heavy road transport, was modelled and analysed by computer simulations. The combination of organic Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle was proposed, where the waste heat of fumes was recognized as a upper heat source, whereas the surrounding was adopted to be the lower one. Improvement of total energy conversion efficiency of the truck was the key success factor. Environmental friendly fluids (air and R123) were utilised. The operating parameters, power characteristics and energy streams (i.e. dispersion) of the system were evaluated, calculated and commented from the perspective of its theoretical profitability. The calculated net power capacity of analysed dual system was around 50 hp for 100% load. However, when the engine load is below 50% of nominal capacity, the power generation of combined system might be lower than in the case of single ORC system.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2016, 39, 3; 7-19
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy efficiency for the transcritical compression CO2 cycle with the use of the ejector as the first stage of the compression
Autorzy:
Kozioł, J.
Gazda, W.
Wilżyński, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240536.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
efektywność energetyczna
eżektor
transkrytyczny cykl CO2
ejector
energy efficiency
transcritical CO2 cycle
Opis:
An analysis of energy efficiency for transcritical compression unit with CO2 (R744) as the refrigerant has been carried out using empirical operating characteristics for the two-phase ejector. The first stage of the refrigerant compression is carried out in the ejector. The criterion adopted for the estimation of energy efficiency for the cycle is the coefficient of performance COP. The analysis is performed for the heat pump and refrigeration systems. The results of COP for the systems with the ejector has been compared with the COP[L], values for the single stage Linde cycle.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2010, 31, 4; 61-69
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental investigation of the ecological hybrid refrigeration cycle
Autorzy:
Cyklis, P.
Kantor, R.
Ryncarz, T.
Górski, B.
Duda, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240899.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hybrid refrigerating cycle
adsorption
two stage refrigerating
hybrydowy cykl chłodniczy
adsorpcja
dwustopniowe chłodzenie
Opis:
The requirements for environmentally friendly refrigerants promote application of CO2 and water as working fluids. However there are two problems related to that, namely high temperature limit for CO2 in condenser due to the low critical temperature, and low temperature limit for water being the result of high triple point temperature. This can be avoided by application of the hybrid adsorption-compression system, where water is the working fluid in the adsorption high temperature cycle used to cool down the CO2 compression cycle condenser. The adsorption process is powered with a low temperature renewable heat source as solar collectors or other waste heat source. The refrigeration system integrating adsorption and compression system has been designed and constructed in the Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Thermal Machine Measurements of Cracow University of Technology. The heat source for adsorption system consists of 16 tube tulbular collectors. The CO2 compression low temperature cycle is based on two parallel compressors with frequency inverter. Energy efficiency and TEWI of this hybrid system is quite promising in comparison with the compression only systems.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2014, 35, 3; 145-154
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Freeze-proof durability of concrete incorporating recycled coarse aggregate
Autorzy:
Deng, Xianghui
Xue, Liyuan
Wang, Rui
Gao, Xiaoyue
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/231420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kruszywo recyklingowe
kruszywo gruboziarniste
beton
cykl zamrażanie-odmrażanie
mrozoodporność
recycled aggregate
coarse aggregate
concrete
freeze-thaw cycle
freeze-proof durability
Opis:
The recycle of the building and demolition waste could reduce project expenses and save natural resources as well as solve problem about environmental risks incurred during the disposal of building waste. In this study, waste C30 concrete is taken an experimental material. The mass loss, ultrasonic velocity, dynamic modulus of elasticity and cubic compressive strength of recycled coarse aggregate concrete whose coarse aggregate replacement percentage is 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% are tested and compared with NAC when the cycles of freezing and thawing are 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 times. The results show: (1) Generally, the loss of mass, ultrasonic velocity, dynamic modulus of elasticity and cubic compressive strength constantly increase with the growth of freezing and thawing cycles. (2) Compared with the recycled concrete of other replacement percentages, the RAC50 shows relatively close performance to NAC in mass loss, the change of dynamic modulus of elasticity and cubic compressive strength. (3) Performances of RAC25 specimens are better than the other RAC specimens for the ultrasonic wave velocity.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2019, 65, 4; 63-80
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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