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Wyszukujesz frazę "belief" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
Can cigarette smoking make a man appear sexier and stronger to women?
Autorzy:
Czarna, Anna
Szmajke, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-11-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cigarette
smoking
belief
illusion
self-presentation;
Opis:
This paper focuses on naďve theories, illusions, and misconceptions regarding the outcome of men’s cigarette smoking on female impressions. Beliefs about those outcomes were examined in a correlational study and their content was compared with the results of previous experimental verifi cation. Male and female participants (N = 396) responded to an advertisement placed on an online general-interest forum and completed a questionnaire concerning their beliefs about the impact of cigarette smoking in men on their self-presentation to women. This included impressions of attractiveness, intelligence, strength, sexiness, and other male qualities. Results show that people believe that smoking decreases a man’s perceived aptitude for being a woman’s long-term partner. The belief that smoking enhances a man’s attractiveness to a woman as a short-term partner was limited to female smokers. Non-smokers believed that smoking in men signals poor impulse-control. Gender, age, smoking status (smoker vs non-smoker), and number of cigarettes smoked daily appeared to play an important role in predicting expressed beliefs. Young female smokers were indicated as the subgroup bearing the most optimistic illusions.
Źródło:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies); 2011, 49, 5; 23-40
0081-685X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Mediational Role of Relational Psychological Contract in Belief in a Zero-Sum Game and Work Input Attitude Dependency
Autorzy:
Adamska, Krystyna
Jurek, Paweł
Różycka-Tran, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430299.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
psychological contract
work input
zero-sum game belief
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediational role of relational psychological contract in social beliefs and work input attitude dependency. We analyzed data taken from employees (N = 258) in four different organizations operating in the Pomeranian market. A mediation analysis showed a strongly mediating role of psychological contract in the negative relationship between perception of life as a zero-sum game (BZSG) and work input. The motivational effect of the relational psychological contract, that is the role of job security, interesting work, a career in the company, opportunities for promotion and other HRM practices prevail over the significance of personal beliefs, especially when these are negative. If the company lacks the appropriate HRM systems then day-to-day social exchanges can be crucial in modifying the social beliefs of the employee.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 4; 579-586
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Predictions of Actions and Their Justifications in False-Belief Tasks: The Role of Executive Function
Autorzy:
Putko, Adam
Złotogórska, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
preschoolers
false-belief task
theory-of-mind development
Opis:
The main objective of this study was to examine whether children’s ability to justify their action predictions in terms of mental states is related, in a similar way as the ability to predict actions, to such aspects of executive function (EF) as executive control and working memory. An additional objective was to check whether the frequency of different types of justifications made by children in false-belief tasks is associated with aforementioned aspects of EF, as well as language. The study included 59 children aged 3-4 years. The ability to predict actions and to justify these predictions was measured with false-belief tasks. Luria’s hand-game was used to assess executive control, and the Counting and Labelling dual-task was used to assess working memory capacity. Language development was controlled using an embedded syntax test. It was found that executive control was a significant predictor of the children’s ability to justify their action predictions in terms of mental states, even when age and language were taken into account. Results also indicated a relationship between the type of justification in the false-belief task and language development. With the development of language children gradually cease to justify their action predictions in terms of current location, and they tend to construct irrelevant justifications before they begin to refer to beliefs. Data suggest that executive control, in contrast to language, is a factor which affects the development of the children’s ability to justify their action predictions only in its later phase, during a shift from irrelevant to correct justifications.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 4; 500-510
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chrześcijaństwo, przesądy i niewiara we współczesnym społeczeństwie białoruskim
Christianity, Superstitions, and Lack of Belief in Contemporary Belarusian Society
Autorzy:
Yakimenka, Volha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1916355.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-20
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Belarussian society
Christianity
superstitions
lack of belief
społeczeństwo białoruskie
chrześcijaństwo
przesądy
niewiara
Opis:
Kształt życia duchowo-religijnego ludności zamieszkującej w XX–XXI wieku ziemie współczesnej Białorusi został uwarunkowany zarówno wielowiekowymi dziejami chrześcijaństwa, jak i wywodzącymi się z kultury starożytnych Słowian przesądami i zabobonami o charakterze mityczno-magicznym, a także materialistyczno-ateistyczną koncepcją światopoglądu i życia z czasów sowieckiego ustroju socjalistycznego. Obecne prawodawstwo białoruskie uznaje zaangażowanie religijne jako sferę interesów prywatnych człowieka, dlatego na poziomie państwowym nie prowadzi się oficjalnej statystyki wierzących i ich podziału według wyznawanej religii, a analizy wyników poszczególnych dociekań badawczych w tym zakresie są bardzo różne. W kontekście transformacji postsowieckiej społeczeństwa białoruskiego jedni eksperci wyrażają pogląd o wzroście znaczenia religii, inni — o procesie odwrotnym, jeszcze inni — o demonstracji religijności Białorusinów, a jeszcze inni są zdania, że wymiar duchowy chrześcijaństwa na Białorusi jest nierzadko zastępowany tradycją, a stosunkowo duża część społeczeństwa jest daleka od prawdziwej pobożności chrześcijańskiej. Przy ogólnej analizie kwestii religijnych przedstawia się nieraz sugestię, że jest to „dość skomplikowany, wieloczynnikowy duchowo-społeczny fenomen”.
The spiritual and religious life of people living within the lands of modern Belarus in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries has been conditioned by the area’s centuries-old history of Christianity, by superstitions derived from the culture of the ancient Slavs, and by the materialistic and atheistic worldview and life of the Soviet Socialist regime. Current Belarusian legislation considers religious involvement to be a private interest of the individual, and thus there are no official statistics on the number of believers or their distribution by religion. The findings of various studies in this area differ considerably. In the context of the post-Soviet transformation of Belarusian society, some experts express the view that the role of religion has been increasing in the country; others speak of a reverse process. Still others write about demonstrations of the religiosity of Belarusians and still others believe that the spiritual dimension of Christianity in Belarus is often replaced by faithfulness to the traditions of Belarusians’ ancestors, and that a relatively large part of the population is far from true Christian piety. A general analysis of religious issues suggests that the phenomena are multifactorial, spiritual and social, and rather complex.
Źródło:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo; 2021, 65, 2; 119-140
2300-195X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metacognition and the accuracy of retrieval: Integration of new ideas
Autorzy:
Skopicz-Radkiewicz, Ewa
Niedzwienska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metacognition
remembering accuracy and quantity
recollection and belief in autobiographical memory
accuracy appraisals
improving retrieval
Opis:
There is a general agreement that remembering depends not only on the memory processes as such but rather that encoding, storage and retrieval are under the constant influence of the overarching, metacognitive processes. Moreover, many interventions designed to improve memory refer in fact to metacognition. Most attempts to integrate the very different theoretical and experimental approaches in this domain focus on encoding, whereas there is relatively little integration of approaches that focus on retrieval. Therefore, we reviewed the studies that used new ideas to improve memory retrieval due to a “metacognitive intervention”. We concluded that whereas single experimental manipulations were not likely to increase metacognitive ability, more extensive interventions were. We proposed possible theoretical perspectives, namely the Source Monitoring Framework, as a means to integrate the two, so far separate, ways of thinking about the role of metacognition in retrieval: the model of strategic regulation of memory, and the research on appraisals in autobiographical memory. We identified venues for future research which could address, among other issues, integration of these perspectives.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2019, 50, 2; 193-206
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Deep Belief Neural Networks and Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory Hybrid for Speech Recognition
Autorzy:
Brocki, Ł.
Marasek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
deep belief neural networks
long-short term memory
bidirectional recurrent neural networks
speech recognition
large vocabulary continuous speech recognition
Opis:
This paper describes a Deep Belief Neural Network (DBNN) and Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) hybrid used as an acoustic model for Speech Recognition. It was demonstrated by many independent researchers that DBNNs exhibit superior performance to other known machine learning frameworks in terms of speech recognition accuracy. Their superiority comes from the fact that these are deep learning networks. However, a trained DBNN is simply a feed-forward network with no internal memory, unlike Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) which are Turing complete and do posses internal memory, thus allowing them to make use of longer context. In this paper, an experiment is performed to make a hybrid of a DBNN with an advanced bidirectional RNN used to process its output. Results show that the use of the new DBNN-BLSTM hybrid as the acoustic model for the Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVCSR) increases word recognition accuracy. However, the new model has many parameters and in some cases it may suffer performance issues in real-time applications.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 2; 191-195
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of literature in Ryszard Berwińskiʼs “Studies in Folk Literature”
Rola literatury w „Studiach o literaturze ludowej” Ryszarda Berwińskiego
Autorzy:
Raczyńska, Sabina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Literature and folklore
folk culture
demonology and popular belief
texts of folklore
folklore studies
Ryszard Berwiński (1819–1879)
Ryszard Berwiński
literatura ludowa
kultura ludowa
ludowość
demonologia
historia literatury
folklorystyka
Opis:
This article examines the problem of the significance of literature, not just folk literature, in Ryszard Berwiński's Studies in Folk Literature from the Historical and the Scholarly Perspective, published in Poznań in 1854. This subject was largely marginalized in discussions of this magisterial work because of what could seem as the author's inordinate preoccupation with demonology. This article looks again at his approach, which deserves a reappraisal. The discussion is divided into three parts. The first part examines the terms used by Berwiński to describe folk literature and texts that are connected with it in various ways, which for him and other 19th‑century researches constituted the essence of folklore. The second part focuses on those types of texts Berwiński regarded as crucial for the study of the sources of folk belief, while the third reviews his vision of the cultural and social role of literature in the 19th century. Together, these analyses reconstruct Berwiński's view on the functioning of literature in folklore studies and, more broadly, in the processes of the creation of a communal identity.
Źródło:
Ruch Literacki; 2020, 5; 451-467
0035-9602
Pojawia się w:
Ruch Literacki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O obiektywności prawdy i jej podstawach ontycznych
On Objectivity of Truth and Its Ontic Foundations
Autorzy:
Dębowski, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Ingarden
obiektywność w sensie ontycznym
subiektywność w sensie ontycznym
transcendencja strukturalna
prawda
fałsz
klasyczna teoria prawdy
zdanie w sensie logicznym
sąd
ontic sense of objectivity
ontic sense of subjectivity
structural transcendence
truth
false
classic theory of truth
proposition
belief
Opis:
W artykule – dzięki zestawieniu głównych pojęć obiektywności w sensie ontycznym – odpowiadam na pytanie, co się składa na obiektywnie istniejącą rzeczywistość. Odwołując się do pojęcia transcendencji strukturalnej, wskazuję również, gdzie (i jak) przebiega granica między ontyczną obiektywnością a ontyczną subiektywnością. Na koniec, sięgając do pojęcia obiektywności w sensie epistemologicznym, próbuję wyklarować relację pomiędzy obiektywnością i subiektywnością z jednej strony, a prawdziwością i fałszywością z drugiej.
In the paper – thanks to the ontic sense of the objectivity concept – I answer the question what objectively existing reality consists of. Appealing to the concept of the structural transcendence, I indicate also where (and how) the boundary between the ontic objectivity and the ontic subjectivity runs. Finally, I try to clarify relations between objectivity and subjectivity as well as veracity and falseness.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2015, 51, 2(204); 111-124
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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