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Wyszukujesz frazę "anchoring" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
Tytuł:
The mechanism of non-numerical anchoring heuristic based on magnitude priming: is it just the basic anchoring effect in disguise?
Autorzy:
Tomczak, Pawel
Traczyk, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
anchoring effect
magnitude priming
non-numerical anchoring
estimations
Opis:
The anchoring heuristic refers to phenomena when an arbitrary number affects subsequent numerical estimations. Oppenheimer, LeBoeuf and Brewer (2008) showed that it is not necessary for the anchor to be a numerical value (i.e., the act of drawing lines of different length effectively shifts numerical estimations), yet current models describing the anchoring heuristic do not fully account for the mechanism of non-numerical anchoring. However, this effect shows similarity to the basic anchoring effect – obtained without the comparative question and based on the availability of the given number in working memory. In this study, we attempt to verify whether those two effect share the same psychological mechanism. In Experiment 1, we show that non-numerical anchoring based on magnitude priming cannot be obtained when the lines are just observed. The examined mechanism proves to be dependent on the act of drawing, displaying limitations similar to the basic anchoring effect, previously pointed out by Brewer and Chapman (2002). By using the same numerical anchors in different size formats, in Experiment 2 we showed that anchoring based on magnitude priming occurs even when the numerical values do not affect the estimations. The results are discussed in the light of a possible mechanism that underlies the investigated effect.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 3; 401-410
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-modal anchoring: magnitude priming based on length leads to contrast effect in numerosity judgment
Autorzy:
Tomczak, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
estimations
cross-modal anchoring
numerosity judgment
Opis:
On one hand, Judgment and Decision Making (JDM) research reports a phenomena called the cross-modal effect, which shows that magnitude priming based on spatial attributes of a stimuli might influence numerical estimations. On the other hand, research directed at human cognition reports that processing of space and numbers may interfere. Despite different theoretical backgrounds, those two lines of research report similar results. Is it possible that the cross-modal anchoring and the interaction between space and number are just two manifestations of the same psychological effect, conceptualized within different paradigms? In Experiment 1 participants were asked to draw lines of different length and estimate numerosity of sets of dots presented for 100 ms. Based on current studies, magnitude priming is assimilated with subsequent numerical judgment. However, an unexpected contrast effect was observed in Experiment 1. Priming of “smallness” resulted in higher estimations of numerosity, while priming of “largeness” was associated with lower estimations. Short exposition time often leads to automatic attention processes, which could possibly account for the observed contrast effect. In Experiment 2 this assumption was tested, verifying potential differences between different exposition times (100 ms vs 300 ms). The same pattern of results was obtained. Findings of both experiments are discussed from the perspective of different anchoring paradigms and concepts related to space and number processing.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 4; 398-405
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From Drifting to Anchoring. Capturing the Experience of Ukrainian Migrants in Poland
Autorzy:
Grzymała-Kazłowska, Aleksandra
Brzozowska, Anita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
social anchoring
Ukrainian migrants
integration
adaptation
settlement
Opis:
The article applies the concept of anchoring, defined as the process of searching for footholds and points of reference which allows individuals to acquire socio-psychological stability and security and function effectively in a new environment, to explore complex, multidimensional and flexible adaptation and settlement processes among migrants from Ukraine in Poland. Based on 40 in-depth interviews and questionnaires with migrants resident in Warsaw and its vicinity, we argue that the traditional categories employed for analysing migrants’ adaptation and settlement such as 'integration' or 'assimilation' are not always adequate to capture the way of functioning and experience of contemporary Ukrainian migrants. Rather than traditional categories, we propose to apply the concept of anchoring which enables us to capture Ukrainians’ 'fluid' migration, drifting lives and complex identities as well as mechanisms of settling down in terms of searching for relative stability rather than putting down roots. The paper discusses the ambiguous position of Ukrainian migrants in Poland constructed as neither the strangers nor the same, gives insight into their drifting lives and illuminates ways of coping with temporariness and establishing anchors providing migrants with a sense of stability and security. This approach, linking identity, security and incorporation, emphasises, on the one hand, the psychological and emotional aspects of establishing new footholds and, on the other hand, tangible anchors and structural constraints. Its added value lies in the fact that it allows for complexity, simultaneity and changeability of anchoring and the reverse processes of un-anchoring to be included.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2017, 6, 2; 103-122
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ZARYS KONCEPCJI SPOŁECZNEGO ZAKOTWICZENIA: INNE SPOJRZENIE NA TOŻSAMOŚĆ, ADAPTACJĘ I INTEGRACJĘ IMIGRANTÓW
AN OUTLINE OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL ANCHORING: A DIFFERENT APPROACH TO IMMIGRANT IDENTITY, ADAPTATION, AND INTEGRATION
Autorzy:
Grzymała-Kazłowska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
social anchoring/zakotwiczenie społeczne
identity/tożsamość
integration/integracja
adaptation/adaptacja
immigrants/imigranci
Opis:
The proposed concept of social anchoring contained in this article allows issues of immigrant identity, adaptation, and integration to be combined. It allows limitations to the idea of integration and the subjective defining of identity to be overcome, and it also includes the socio-psychological resources that an individual can use to adapt to a changed social reality. The author begins by considering the meaning of identity for the analysis of contemporary society and the reasons for the problematic nature of the idea; she presents the colloquial and metaphoric uses of the concept of anchoring. She then proposes that anchoring should provisionally be defined as an individual’s search for essential points of reference and support that will allow him or her to achieve a relative socio-psychological stability in the environment. She points out various types of anchors: from legal-institutional (for instance, citizenship) and economic (for instance, material resources), through ties to a specific place (for instance, the place where one was born), to personal anchors (such as physical characteristics, physical practices, individual traits, and values), cultural aspects (for instance, language), and-most importantly from the sociological viewpoint-social anchors (contained in relations with friends and family). Although the proposed concept of social anchoring has emerged mainly from studies concerning the adaptation and integration of migrants, it should have application to more general sociological analyses.
Źródło:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo; 2013, 57, 3; 45-60
2300-195X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczne zakotwiczenie w klasowo-etnicznych formach tożsamości a integracja polskich i ukraińskich migrantów
Social Anchoring in Class-Ethnic Identities and Integration of Polish and Ukrainian Migrants
Autorzy:
Brzozowska, Anita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/579914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
SPOŁECZNE ZAKOTWICZENIE
MIGRANCI
INTEGRACJA
UKRAIŃSCY MIGRANCI
POLSCY MIGRANCI
TOŻSAMOŚĆ
MEDIA SPOŁECZNOŚCIOWE
SOCIAL ANCHORING
MIGRANTS
INTEGRATION
UKRAINIAN MIGRANTS
POLISH MIGRANTS
IDENTITY
SOCIAL MEDIA
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badania, którym objęte zostały opublikowane w mediach społecznościowych wypowiedzi migrantów z Polski w Wielkiej Brytanii i z Ukrainy w Polsce. Do analizy wykorzystano koncepcję społecznego zakotwiczania, która odnosi się do procesu poszukiwania życiowych punktów oparcia – kotwic, pozwalających jednostkom na osiągnięcie psychospołecznej stabilizacji i efektywne funkcjonowanie w nowych warunkach. Przeprowadzone badanie wskazało nie tylko na rolę kotwic obiektywnych, takich jak praca zarobkowa, zasoby materialne i warunki instytucjonalne kraju przyjmującego, lecz także na znaczącą rolę kotwic osadzonych w relacjach społecznych. Zarówno migranci z Polski, jak i z Ukrainy zakotwiczają się mentalnie w wyobrażonych wspólnotach, konstruując klasowo-etniczne formy tożsamości, które stanowią ich punkty odniesienia w nowych warunkach społeczno-kulturowych. Polscy migranci budują wspólnoty wyobrażone, wykorzystując jako grupy odniesienia białych Brytyjczyków oraz przedstawicieli mniejszości etnicznych i grup migranckich o pozaeuropejskich korzeniach. Jednocześnie w ich narracjach podkreślane są różnice klasowe i edukacyjne w obrębie społeczności polskich migrantów. Migranci z Ukrainy konstruują tożsamość w odniesieniu do wartości europejskich oraz przedstawicieli społeczeństwa przyjmującego w warunkach znoszenia wszelkich różnic związanych z ich pozycją społeczno-ekonomiczną. W analizowanych narracjach w obu badanych grupach preferowane są postawy prointegracyjne.
The article presents the analysis of posts published in social media by Polish migrants settled in the United Kingdom and Ukrainian migrants in Poland. The paper uses the concept of social anchoring defi ned as the process of searching for points of reference (anchors) which allow individuals to acquire socio-psychological stability and security and function eff ectively in a new life environment. The research showed the role of objective anchors such as employment, economic resources and institutional environment of the destination country as well as the crucial role of anchors embedded in social relations. Migrants from both analysed groups anchored themselves in strategically-imagined communities while constructing their ethnic and class identities that became their points of references in the new socio-cultural environment. In the narratives of Polish migrants in the UK the main reference groups are white, British citizens on one side and members of non-European minorities on the other. At the same time Polish migrants emphasize class and educational diff erences among the Polish community in the UK. In the case of the Ukrainian migrants in Poland the main reference group consists of members of the Polish, homogenous society. They also construct their identities with reference to European values. The research showed that in narratives of both analysed groups a pro-integration attitude is preferred.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2018, 44, 1 (167); 69-99
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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