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Wyszukujesz frazę "Tree plant" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
Tytuł:
The impact of plant shaping on aphid behavior
Autorzy:
Cichocka, E.
Lubiarz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant trimming
plant pruning
plant shaping
aphid
behaviour
bionomics
tree crown formation
plant cutting
Opis:
The paper provides a review of the studies focusing on the impact of plant trimming and pruning (especially in tree rows) and tree crown formation (in orchards and urban greenery) on the bionomy and number of aphids and some other hemipterans. The fresh, succulent shoots which appear after any trimming and pruning provide aphids with "eternal spring" conditions, i.e. the availability of young leaves and shoots preferred by aphids as a source of nutrition. The majority of aphid species acquiring nutrition from leaves feed on the top shoots. People shape garden greenery, forming beautiful, decorative tree crowns. Some shoots in orchards are regularly cut off; sometimes even apple trees are planted in rows. Instead of building traditional fences, hedges are planted and regularly trimmed. Trimmed plants have fresh, succulent shoots, which are an attractive source of nutrition for many aphids. Large numbers of aphids inhabit these rejuvenated plants. Cutting and trimming of plants often have an impact not only on the number of aphids, but also on their bionomy.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development and application of a decision making tool for fault diagnosis of turbocompressor based on Bayesian network and fault tree
Autorzy:
Lakehal, Abdelaziz
Nahal, Mourad
Harouz, Riad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406808.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant maintenance
prioritization
Bayesian networks
fault tree
diagnosis
turbocompressor
Opis:
Fault Tree is one of the traditional and conventional approaches used in fault diagnosis. By identifying combinations of faults in a logical framework it’s possible to define the structure of the fault tree. The same go with Bayesian networks, but the difference of these probabilistic tools is in their ability to reasoning under uncertainty. Some typical constraints to the fault diagnosis have been eliminated by the conversion to a Bayesian network. This paper shows that information processing has become simple and easy through the use of Bayesian networks. The study presented showed that updating knowledge and exploiting new knowledge does not complicate calculations. The contribution is the structural approach of faults diagnosis of turbo compressor qualitatively and quantitatively, the most likely faults are defined in descending order. The approach presented in this paper has been successfully applied to turbo compressor, which represent vital equipment in petrochemical plant.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2019, 10, 2; 16--24
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficacy of fungicides and essential oils against bacterial diseases of fruit trees
Autorzy:
Mikicinski, A.
Sobiczewski, P.
Berczynski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fungicide
essential oil
bacterial disease
plant disease
fruit tree
Opis:
In the framework of the performed studies, the antibacterial activity of the following fungicides was evaluated: Miedzian 50 WG (active substance - a.s. 50% copper oxychloride), Ridomil MZ Gold 68 WG (a.s. 3.8% metalaxyl-M and 64%, mancozeb), Euparen Multi 50 WG (a.s. 50% tolylfluanid), Captan 80 WG [a.s. 80% N-(captan)], Dithane Neotec 75 WG (a.s. 75% mancozeb). The evaluation also concerned the essential oils: lavender, sage, lemon balm, clove, and a preparation based on thyme oil (BioZell). Each preparation and compound was tested against the following bacterial pathogens: Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina, X. arboricola pv. juglandis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens (presently Rhizobium radiobacter). Each preparation and compound was tested at a concentration of 1,000 ppm of active substance. Copper oxychloride was also tested at a concentration of 1,500 ppm. Among the tested fungicides, metalaxyl-M with mancozeb, mancozeb alone, and copper oxychloride inhibited all of the tested strains of pathogenic bacteria. Tolylfluanid did not inhibit any of the bacteria used. Out of the investigated essential oils, the strongest inhibitors of bacteria were: sage, cloves, and BioZell. The protective activity of the above mentioned fungicides was also evaluated in vivo. They were assessed against fire blight on apple blossoms and pear fruitlets, against bacterial canker on sweet cherry fruitlets, and against crown gall on sunflower seedlings (the test plant). All fungicides were applied at the same concentrations as those in the in vitro tests. Only copper oxychloride was found to show protective activity against the studied diseases. This result indicates that the antibacterial properties of the other fungicides did not correspond with their activity on the plant organs used in the in vivo experiment.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2012, 52, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphology and symbolism of trees. General habit
Autorzy:
Galera, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant structure
world record holders among plants
symbolic plant motifs
arbor mundi
axis mundi
the Tree of Life
Opis:
Morphology is the study of the form, shape and structure of an organism. The connection between the morphology and symbolism of trees is associated with the spirituals bonds existing between humans and trees. The common terms, such as „tree”, „trunk”, „branch”, „root”, „fruit”, „flower”, „leaf” have a specific meaning in botany. In addition these terms carry various symbolic meanings. This article attempts to analyse symbolic plant motifs which were based on the morphological structure of trees. The symbolic significance of trees is associated with their specific structure: the crown represents the mystical heaven, the trunk symbolizes the earthly world, the roots extend deep into the underworld. Possibly the best known cosmic tree (arbor mundi) is the Scandinavian Ash or Yggdrasil. It also represents the axis mundi – the centre of the world. Tree-like diagrams which graphically illustrate genealogies refer to the structure of trees as well (e.g. the tree of Jesse). Trees are the largest and longest living organisms on our planet. Among the tallest trees in the world are: Sequoia sempervirens „Hyperion” from California (measuring 115,5 m), and Eucalyptus regnans „Icarus Dream” from Tasmania (97 m high). The largest tree in terms of total volume is Sequoiadendron giganteum „General Sherman” in California (1500 cubic meters). The myth of the Ultimate Lotus Tree Sidrat al-Muntaha – that marks the end of the seventh heaven is a reference to a very large tree (probably Zizyphus lotus, however its specimen are not so large). The oldest known living specimen is the „Methuselah”, a bristle cone pine Pinus longaeva in California, which is estimated to be about 5000 years old. Taxus baccata from Henryków Lubański is the oldest tree (1250 years-old) on record in Poland. Due to their long life span, trees can be seen as “monuments”, which remind the world of important events in history, eg. the sycamore tree destroyed during the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre on September 11, 2001, whose roots were used in preparation for the sculpture honoring St. Paul’s Church. Tree symbolism also relates to changes in the appearance of trees that result from their life cycle and phenology. Trees, which lose their leaves in winter and produce new ones in spring, symbolize rebirth after death. Therefore, the cosmic tree is also called the Tree of Life. In Japanese culture the seasonal changes in the appearance of trees indicated the passage of time. In many cultures around the world trees were held sacred because they were believed to be the homes of certain gods (e.g. Ficus sycomorus in ancient Egipt, oak trees in Slavic and German legends). It should be noted, however, that the trees themselves were not the objects of worship but the gods who were thought to dwell in these trees. Nowadays the respect people have for trees stems from other reasons.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2007, 2
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase gene from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) and differential response during Rigidoporus microporus infection
Autorzy:
Sangsil, P.
Nualsri, C.
Woraathasin, N.
Nakkanong, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phenylalanine ammonia lyase
gene expression
rubber
tree
Hevea brasiliensis
plant response
Rigidoporus microporus
plant infection
root rot disease
Opis:
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is a specific branch point enzyme of primary and secondary metabolism. It plays a key role in plant development and defense mechanisms. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Hevea brasiliensis (HbPAL) presented a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 2,145 bp with 721 encoded amino acids. The sequence alignment indicated that the amino acid sequence of HbPAL shared a high identity with PAL genes found in other plants. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that HbPAL was more closely related to PALs in Manihot esculenta and Jatropha curcas than to those from other plants. Transcription pattern analysis indicated that HbPAL was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined, most highly in young leaves. The HbPAL gene was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) after infection with Rigidoporus microporus at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post inoculation. The expression patterns of the PAL gene differed among the three rubber clones used in the study. The transcription level of the white root rot disease tolerant clone, PB5/51 increased sharply during the latter stages of infection, while it was relatively subdued in the white root rot disease susceptible clones, RRIM600 and BPM24. These results suggest that the HbPAL gene may play a role in the molecular defense response of H. brasiliensis to pathogen attack and could be used as a selection criterion for disease tolerance.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some aspects of symplasmic communication during somatic embryogenesis of tree fern Cyathea delgadii
Autorzy:
Wrobel-Marek, J.
Grzyb, M.
Kurczynska, E.
Rybczynski, J.
Mikula, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
somatic embryogenesis
symplasmic communication
tree fern
Cyathea delgadii
plant propagation
sexual reproduction
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2015, 96, 1
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of Fig mosaic virus and Fig badnavirus-1 in Iran
Autorzy:
Alimoradian, M.
Rakhshandehroo, F.
Shams-bakhsh, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
prevalence
phylogenetic analysis
Fig mosaic virus
Fig badnavirus-1
Iran
fig tree
plant disease
Opis:
Fig mosaic virus (FMV) and Fig badnavirus-1 (FBV-1) are two of the most important fig infecting viruses. The incidence and distribution of FBV-1 and FMV were determined by testing in PCR 138 asymptomatic and symptomatic samples. These samples were collected from 60 fig gardens and agricultural fields in three provinces of Iran. The fig infecting viruses FBV-1 and FMV, respectively, were detected in 92 (66.6%) and 34 (24.6%) samples collected from all the surveyed fields. Overall, 24 out of 138 (17.3%) samples showed mixed infections. The sequence analysis of a genomic fragment of 922 nt, comprising the entire ORF-2 and part of the 5’ termini of the ORF-3 of 10 selected FBV-1 Iranian isolates from different provinces, and of the type member from GenBank (Acc. No: JF411989), showed a variation ranging from 1 to 3% at nucleotide level and 1% at the amino acid level. The phylogenetic analysis grouped the FBV-1 isolates into two groups, with the Iranian isolates clustered in two distinct subgroups of group I, according to their geographical origin. In our research, the prevalence and sequence analysis of FBV-1 as the only identified DNA virus infecting fig trees, was studied for the first time in Iran.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eriophyoid mites [Acari; Eriophyoidea] living on ornamental coniferous plants in Poland
Autorzy:
Labanowski, G S
Soika, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Cecidophyopsis psilaspis
eriophyid mite
Eriophyidae
Trisetacus cupressi
coniferous tree
Acari
Trisetacus juniperinus
Nalepella tsugae
Eriophyes junipereti
mite
ornamental plant
Opis:
The paper presents the descriptions as well as drawings of three species of eriophyid mites found on coniferous plants as new in Poland: Trisetacus juniperinus (Nalepa) from Juniperus procumbens, Eriophyes junipereti Keifer from Juniperus communis L. ‘Hibernica’ and Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa) from Taxus baccata L. Additionally, eriophyoid mites collected from Thuja occidentalis and Tsuga canadensis are discussed in this paper.
Na podstawie obserwacji prowadzonych w latach 1998-1999 dokonano przeglądu szpecieli występujących na roślinach iglastych z rodzaju Juniperns, Taxus, Thuja i Tsuga. Dla wykrytych po raz pierwszy w Polsce trzech gatunków szpecieli: Trisetacus juniperinus (Nalepa) na Juniperus chinensis ssp. procumbens, Eriophyes junipereti Keifer na Juniperus communis ‘Hibernica’ oraz Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa) na Taxus baccata, wykonano pomiary i rysunki. Potwierdzono także występowanie dwóch gatunków szpecieli: Trisetacus cupressi (Keifer) na Thuja occidentalis ‘Bodneri’ i Nalepella tsugae Keifer, 1951 na Tsuga canadensis.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2000, 40, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of 1,8-cineol on the biology and physiology of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola (Col.: Chrysomelidae)
Autorzy:
Adibmoradi, G,
Sendi, J.J.
Tirgari, S.
Imani, S.
Razavi-Nematolahi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant pest
elm
tree
elm leaf beetle
beetle
Xanthogaleruca luteola
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
1,8-cineol
biology
physiology
biochemical parameter
Opis:
The effect of monoterpenoid 1,8-cineol on the toxicity and physiology of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller under laboratory conditions (26 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% RH and 16L : 8D h) was investigated. Initially, LC30 and LC50 values of the constituent were estimated to be 23.5 ppm and 31.9 ppm for the last instar larvae after 48 h, respectively. Significant changes were observed in the values of relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), approximate digestibility (AD) and consumption index (CI) between control and treated larvae with 1,8-cineol. The amounts of protein, glucose and urea decreased in the treated larvae in comparison with control. Similar findings were observed in the activities of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase while the activities of glutathione S-transferase and esterase significantly increased in the treated larvae using CDNB and α-naphtyl acetates as the substrates. Morphological and histological changes brought about by 1,8-cineol in the present study are indicative of growth inhibition targeting specific organs such as those of reproduction. We believe that 1,8-cineol can be considered as a safe and environmentally friendly compound.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in increment of trees diameters on plant-soil treatment system after long-term irrigation with domestic sewage
Zmiany przyrostów średnic drzew na terenie oczyszczalni roślinno-glebowej po okresie wieloletnich nawodnień ściekami bytowymi
Autorzy:
Pawęska, K.
Kuczewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205045.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biomass
effluent irrigation
tree diameter
poplar
plant-soil treatment system
biomasa
ścieki bytowe
nawodnienia ściekami
przyrost drzew
topola
oczyszczalnia roślinno-glebowa
Opis:
Carbon dioxide sequestration and its long-term immobilisation in biomass is recently an extremely significant problem. Its greatest reserves occur in forests growing all over the globe. A human being, through their conscious action, ought to affect, among other things, the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere and its rational management. Here, quite a good solution seems to be the immobilisation of CO2 in biomass of plants, and in particular, in trees, characterised by their longevity, which are used most frequently for that purpose. Such carbon dioxide management allows for its several-decade immobilisation within living plants, while a further processing of wood mass allows for halting it for consecutive years in products manufactured. Additionally, in the case when within a selected land planted with trees the effluent irrigation is being carried out, simultaneous sewage treatment is also an advantage. By using plants characterised by intense increment in biomass within facilities, also biogens occurring in effluents may be effectively removed. In the analysed case, sewage treatment consisted in entry of household sewage into a prepared surface which was previously subject to mechanical purification. All the sections were sown with grass mixture and plantings of poplar were used. Observations were made during the period of 17 years. The effluents entered onto the surface of the sections and the effluents outflowing from the facility were subject to a physicochemical analysis in order to determine the operational efficiency of a plant - soil treatment system. Also, a threefold inventory of a forest stand was made in order to determine the increment in trees. The last inventory was made in 2014. Based on dendrological characteristics, the average volume of wood mass obtained from the land irrigated with effluents was assessed. A rational management of effluents on the grounds without any central drainage allows for a parallel solution to some problems. First of all, purification of effluents in a natural environment by closing the matter cycle, and additionally contributing to the limitation of carbon dioxide emission by its halting in plant biomass.
Sekwestracja dwutlenku węgla, jego długotrwałe unieruchomienie w biomasie jest ostatnio problemem niezwykle istotnym. Największe jego rezerwy znajdują się w lasach porastających kule ziemską. Człowiek poprzez swoje świadome działanie powinien wpływać między innymi na ilość dwutlenku węgla odprowadzanego do atmosfery oraz na racjonalne gospodarowanie nim. Dość dobrym rozwiązaniem zdaje się tu być unieruchomienie CO2 w biomasie roślin, a w szczególności w charakteryzujących się długowiecznością drzewach, które wykorzystywane są w tym celu najczęściej. Taka gospodarka dwutlenkiem węgla pozwala na kilkudziesięcioletnie unieruchomienie go w żywych roślinach, natomiast dalsza przeróbka masy drzewnej na zatrzymanie go przez kolejne lata w wytworzonych produktach. Dodatkowo w przypadku kiedy na wybranym, obsadzonym drzewami terenie prowadzi się nawodnienia ściekami, korzyścią jest również równoczesne oczyszczanie ścieków. Przy wykorzystaniu na obiektach roślin charakteryzujących się intensywnym przyrostem biomasy można również efektywnie usunąć biogeny znajdujące się w ściekach. W analizowanym przypadku oczyszczanie ścieków polegało na wprowadzeniu na przygotowaną powierzchnię ścieków bytowych, poddanych wcześniej mechanicznemu oczyszczeniu. Wszystkie kwatery obsiano mieszanką traw oraz zastosowano nasadzenia topolowe. Obserwacje prowadzono przez okres 17. lat. Analizie fizykochemicznej poddawano ścieki wprowadzane na powierzchnię kwater oraz odpływające z obiektu celem określenia skuteczności pracy oczyszczalni roślinno-glebowej. Przeprowadzono również trzykrotną inwentaryzację drzewostanu w celu określenia przyrostu drzew. Ostatnią inwentaryzację wykonano w roku 2014. Na podstawie charakterystyki dendrologicznej oszacowano średnią miąższość masy drzewnej uzyskanej z terenu nawadnianego ściekami. Racjonalna gospodarka ściekami na terenach bez centralnej kanalizacji pozwala na równoległe rozwiązanie kilku problemów. Przede wszystkim oczyszczanie ścieków w środowisku naturalnym poprzez zamykanie obiegu materii, a dodatkowo przyczynianie się do ograniczenia emisji dwutlenku węgla poprzez zatrzymywanie go w biomasie roślin.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2016, 42, 4; 96-103
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Detection of Russian olive witches’-broom disease and its insect vector in Northwestern Iran
Autorzy:
Hajizadeh, A.
Khakvar, R.
Bashir, N.S.
Zirak, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66149.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Russian olive
Elaeagnus angustifolia
tree
pathogen
phytoplasma
witches' broom
plant disease
detection
polymerase chain reaction
insect vector
Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris
Macropsis infuscate
Iran
Opis:
Recently, Russian olive trees showing witches’-broom and little leaf symptoms have been widely observed in northwestern and central Iran. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR assays using phytoplasma universal primer pairs confirmed phytoplasma symptomatic infection of trees. Sequence analyses showed that ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ was the causal agent of the disease in these regions. However, RFLP results using restriction enzymes HpaII, EcoRI, HinfI and AluI indicated that the collected isolates in these regions are genetically different. In addition, leafhopper Macropsis infuscata was recognized as a possible insect vector of the disease for the first time.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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