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Tytuł:
Self-control and Self-consciousness: Regulation or Acceleration of Self-discrepancy Distress?
Autorzy:
Mestvirishvili, Maia
Mestvirishvili, Natia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-control
Self-consciousness
stress
anxiety
depression
Self-discrepancy
Opis:
The present study explores the connection between the actual/ideal (A/I) and actual/ought (A/O) self-discrepancies and negative emotional states such as stress, anxiety and depression. Moreover, it seeks to understand the effects of potentially intervening variables, self-control //and self-consciousness, on the affect-discrepancy relationship. 638 participants (60% female, aged 18-55) participated in the study. They filled out questionnaires measuring actual/ideal self-discrepancy, actual/ought self-discrepancy, self-control, private/public self-consciousness and psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress; DAS). The results revealed that both, A/O and A/I self-discrepancies, are positively associated with DAS but do not have a predictive value for them. However, depression, anxiety and stress are significantly predicted by low self-control and high personal self-consciousness. Also, the study confirms that self-control and self-consciousness moderate affect-discrepancy relationship: self-control is a significant moderator of the relationships between (1) A/I and A/O self-discrepancy and depression and (2) A/I and A/O self-discrepancy and stress. Also, public self-consciousness moderates the relationship between A/O self-discrepancy and stress. In this respect those who have high self-control and high self-consciousness are less likely to experience negative emotional reactions related to the discrepant self-constructs.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2021, 52, 1; 31-39
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-concept and self-esteem: How the content of the self-concept reveals sources and functions of self-esteem
Autorzy:
Lachowicz-Tabaczek, Kinga
Śniecińska, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-esteem
self-concept
sources and functions of self-esteem
Opis:
The relations of content of self-concept to self-esteem may reflect the role of different factors in developing self-esteem. On the basis of theories describing sources of self-esteem, we distinguished four domains of self-beliefs: agency, morality, strength and energy to act, and acceptance by others, which we hypothesized to be related to self-esteem. In two studies, involving 411 university students, the relationship between self-esteem and self-concept was examined. The results confirmed relative independence of these four domains. Self-evaluation of agency was the strongest predictor of selfesteem, followed by self-evaluation of strength and energy to act, and self-evaluation of acceptance by others. Selfevaluation regarding morality turned out to have either no or negative relationship with self-esteem. The results supported the theories assuming that either perception of one’s own agency or acceptance by others are sources of self-esteem.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2011, 42, 1; 24-35
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Psychometric properties and correlates of the Polish version of the Self-Control Scale (SCS)
Autorzy:
Pilarska, Aleksandra
Baumeister, Roy F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127063.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-regulation
adjustment
measurement
self-control
Opis:
Theory and research have both characterized self-control as a vital human strength. Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone’s (2004) Self-Control Scale (SCS) is a 36-item self-report questionnaire that assess individual differences in multiple aspects of self-control. The scale is now considered the preeminent measure of self-control in social and psychological research. This article presents studies that evaluated: (a) the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the SCS, and (b) whether higher SCS scores correlated with positive outcomes in Poland. A total of 441 Polish university students took part in the studies. Psychometrically, the Polish SCS proved to be reasonably sound, with good internal consistency (α = .89). Correlations with criteria measures showed that both full and brief selfcontrol scores were positively related to self-esteem, perspective taking, and guilt-proneness, while negatively related to personal distress, proneness to shame, externalization, and unconcern. High self-control was also associated with being conscientious, emotionally stable, and open. It is concluded that the Polish SCS offers a viable option for assessing trait self-control and for studying its relationship with a broad spectrum of psychological and social variables.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 1; 95-106
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identity Fusion and Status of the Evaluator as Moderators of Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification at the Group Level of Self-Description
Autorzy:
Besta, Tomasz
Kaźmierczak, Maria
Błażek, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Identity fusion
social status
self-verification
self-enhancement
motivation
self-threat
Opis:
We examined the influence of identity fusion and status of evaluator on willingness to fight for one’s group after group-descriptive or not group-descriptive feedback. The valence of evaluative information was varied as well: feedback either support negative group-stereotype (negative but descriptive condition) or contradict negative group-stereotype (positive but not descriptive condition). In two studies (N=208 & N=119) we partially replicated previous findings on self-verification. Individuals fused with one’s group were more prone than non fused to fight for group members after receiving, challenging, not group-describing feedback, but only when evaluator’s status was high. When the evaluator’ status was low, fused participants (vs. non fused) engaged in self-enhancement strategies: that is they endorse radical behavior after negative, even if group-describing, feedback. We discuss the importance of identity fusion and evaluator’s status for determining when self-enhancement and self-verification will and will not be evoke.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2013, 44, 4; 371-378
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-Control Scale AS-36: Construction and validation study
Autorzy:
Nęcka, Edward
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-control
self-control-questionnaire
self-control scale
executive control
assessment
Opis:
This paper presents a validation study of a new questionnaire of self-control as an individual trait. The questionnaire has two parallel versions, one based on self-reports (AS-36) and another one based on informant reports (AS-36-3). Each version consists of three subscales, called Inhibition (12 items), Switching (12 items), and Goal Monitoring (12 items). Eight samples of participants (N = 935 altogether) took part in the validation study. Both versions obtained satisfactory indices of internal consistency, assessed with Cronbach’s alpha and split-half coefficients. Selfcontrol assessed with this scale proved to be entirely independent of general intelligence. However, AS-36 and AS-36-3 scores tended to correlate with other self-report measures of trait self control, such as Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone’s (2004) self-control scale. We conclude that AS-36 is a valid and reliable tool, suitable for assessment of self-control in both research and diagnostic settings.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 3; 488-497
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Agency versus Communion as Predictors of Self-esteem: Searching for the Role of Culture and Self-construal
Autorzy:
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Bialobrzeska, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Agency
Communion
Culture
Self-construal
Self-esteem
Opis:
Two hypotheses concerning the relative importance of agentic versus communal traits as predictors of selfesteem were tested. The perspective hypothesis assumed that self-esteem is dominated by agency over communion because self-perceptions are formed from the agent (versus recipient) perspective. The culture hypothesis assumed that self-esteem is dominated by communal concerns in collectivistic cultures and by agentic concerns in individualistic cultures (echoed by individual differences in self-construal). Study 1 involving three samples from collectivistic countries and three from individualistic ones found that self-esteem was better predicted from self-ratings of agentic than communal traits, with the exception of collectivistic women for whom the two predictors were equal. Study 2 primed the interdependent or independent self and found self-ratings of agency to be better predictors of self-esteem than self-ratings of communion, with the exception of interdependence priming,where the two predictors were equal in strength.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 4; 469-479
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Temporal Intelligence in Language Learners’ Self-regulation and Self-efficacy
Autorzy:
Naji Meidani, Elham
Pishghadam, Reza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
temporal intelligence
automatic self-regulation
controlled self-regulation
self-efficacy
EFL learners
Opis:
The aim of the present study was to explore the role of temporal intelligence in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ self-regulation and self-efficacy. To this end, a general temporal intelligence (GTI-S) scale was designed based on the subconstructs of time in the literature. The scale, along with the learning self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ-L) and the English self-efficacy scale was administered to 520 EFL learners. To validate the GTI-S, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was run. The results of Pearson product-moment correlations demonstrated significantly positive relationships between temporal intelligence and controlled self-regulation, automatic self-regulation and self-efficacy (p<.05). Moreover, the findings of multiple regressions revealed that Linearity of Time, Economicity of Time, and Multitasking are the most important subconstructs of time with relation to these variables.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2019, 50, 1; 71-82
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Striving for Consistency Shapes Emotional Responses to Other’s Outcomes
Autorzy:
Pietraszkiewicz, Agnieszka
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430845.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Balance
Schadenfreude
Resentment
Self-interest
Self-esteem
Opis:
Based on the balance theory (Heider, 1958), we hypothesized that emotions (i.e., schadenfreude, resentment, joy and sorrow) induced by other person’s outcomes function as responses restoring balance within cognitive units consisting of the perceiver, other persons and their outcomes. As a consequence, emotional reactions towards others’ outcomes depend on the perceiver’s attitudes in such a way that outcomes of a well-liked person rise congruous responses (sorrow after failure and joy after success), while outcomes of a disliked other lead to incongruous responses (schadenfreude after failure and resentment after success). Our participants recalled a situation from their past in which somebody they liked or disliked had succeed or failed. Additionally, we manipulated whether the outcome referred to a domain where participants’ self-interest was involved or not. We analyzed the participants’ average emotional state as well as specific emotions induced by the recalled events. Consistently with expectations we found that balancing principles played a major role in shaping emotional responses to successes and failures of person who were well-liked or disliked.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 3; 296-305
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An improvement of a hydraulic self-climbing formwork
Autorzy:
Nguyen, Van Tinh
Nguyen, Kiem Anh
Nguyen, Van Linh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
climbing formwork
self-climbing formwork
hydraulic self-climbing formwork
Opis:
Nowadays, self-climbing formworks are commonly used in the construction of concrete buildings with a great height, such as high-rise buildings, silos, and bridge piers. A regular formwork can be improved to have more functions, e.g., the formwork itself can climb to the desired construction site. Climbing characteristics of the formwork as well as opening and closing characteristics of the formwork shell are essential criteria for evaluating the performance of a self-climbing formwork. The effective ones were mentioned in different studies, where most of them were published in patents of countries, e.g., the United States and China. Dissimilar from these studies, this paper presents several improvements for some certain groups to enhance the features of a hydraulic self-climbing formwork. Based on the analysis of the composition and the working principle of the actual climbing formwork types, a new opening and closing method of the formwork shells and a new rail clamping device are suggested. They are applied to design a self-climbing formwork with the shell’s working size of 4 m × 3 m. Their load capacity, as well as the flatness of the concrete surface after casting, are assessed. The proposed solutions can result in various advantages, e.g., the shorter initial alignment time, the increase of the quality concrete surface, and the maximal automation for construction operations.
Źródło:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2019, LXVI, 4; 495-507
0004-0738
Pojawia się w:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anxiety and self-esteem before surgery in patients suffering from cancer. Implicit self-esteem compensation in ego-threatening conditions
Autorzy:
Fila–Jankowska, Aleksandra
Stachowiak, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
anxiety
implicit self-esteem
self-esteem compensation
cancer
hospitalization
Opis:
The assumption was verifi ed that for patients suffering from cancer levels of anxiety and self-esteem differ compared to other patients before surgery. 120 patients of urology were assigned to subgroups according to diagnosis (cancer vs. non-cancer) and the duration of hospitalization (5 days vs. 1 day). Patients suffering from cancer declared higher anxiety than other patients. Longer hospitalization was connected to higher anxiety. A threat-congruent difference in explicit self-esteem was revealed only between two groups: 1. cancer and long hospitalization and 2. non-cancer and short hospitalization. For implicit self-esteem the phenomenon of implicit compensation of self-esteem was predicted and confi rmed: among cancer-sufferers the Name Letter Effect was greater than among other patients. Also, in the cancerpatients group, the result of Rudman et al. (2007) was replicated: increasing anxiety was connected with increasing implicit self-esteem.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2013, 44, 2; 223-231
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Beauty and social influence. Adonization and its correlates
Autorzy:
Mandal, Eugenia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
social influence
self-monitoring
Machiavellianism
narcissism
self-esteem
personality
Opis:
The article attempts to describe adonization, a specific tactic for exerting influence which employs physical attraction, as well as its determinants. The article presents a proprietary model of determinants and motivational mechanisms which constitute the basis of the attitude toward adonization. A cycle of 3 studies on individual determinants for the attitude toward adonization was described. Results of study 1 (50 women and 50 men) confirmed that male gender, psychological masculinity, narcissism, Machiavellianism and high self-monitoring were correlates of a positive attitude toward adonization. Study 2 (36 women and 36 men) showed that extraversion was the predictor of a positive attitude toward adonization of men and women and that agreeableness was the predictor of a less positive attitude of women. In Study 3 (91 women and 88 men aged 18–63) it was established that there were no differences in the attitude toward adonization in young and middle-aged men. Comparison among young and middle-aged women proved that younger women had a more positive attitude toward adonization in the cognitive and in the affective components than older women.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 1; 80-91
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-Standards in Late Adulthood. Perceived Health as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Self-Discrepancy and Affect
Autorzy:
Bąk, Wacław
Dutkiewicz, Donat N.
Kutnik, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
older adults
self-standards
self-discrepancy
perceived health
affect
Opis:
Four types of self-standards (ideal, ought, undesired, and forbidden selves) were analyzed in the context of self-assessed health of older adults. We focused on the relationships between self-discrepancies (perceived actualization of self-standards) and affect, as well as the content of self-descriptions of standards. Participants (116 Polish older adults) completed: Self Standards’ Measure (SSM), PANAS-X and 7 items from the WHOQOL-BREF. First, we found that self-assessed health moderates the effects of self-discrepancies on affect. The ideal and ought self-discrepancies predicted affect when health was assessed as good. Conversely, the undesired and forbidden self-discrepancies predicted affect when health was assessed as poor. Second, health-related content was more typical for the ideal than for the ought standards. Third, older adults who assessed their health better had fewer health-related standards. The results are discussed with reference to control theory of approach and avoidance.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2020, 51, 3; 177-188
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
When mere multiple group memberships are not enough: Individual self-expansion through involvement in social groups and self-efficacy belief
Autorzy:
Besta, Tomasz
Tomiałowicz, Elżbieta
Bojko, Julianna
Pytlos, Aleksandra
Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza
Bäck, Emma
Vazquez, Alexandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-expansion
group processes
self-efficacy
agency
social identity
Opis:
According to the self-expansion model, people are motivated to increase their sense of personal agency by expanding their sense of self through the acquisition of new identities. We conducted two studies to explore whether the feeling of self-expansion, resulting from multiple group memberships, is related to self-efficacy, and to test whether agentic and communal self-stereotyping mediated this relation. In Study 1 conducted in Poland (N1 = 102), and Study 2 among undergraduate students from Poland, Spain, and Sweden (N2 = 450), a significant indirect effect of self-expansion on self-efficacy through agentic (but not communal) self-stereotyping emerged.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 1; 77-85
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exploring the relationship between the body self and personality defence mechanisms in women with bulimia nervosa
Autorzy:
Mirucka, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
body self
the fragmentation of self
defence mechanisms
bulimia nervosa
Opis:
This study investigated the relationship between disorders of the body self and personality defence mechanisms of women with bulimia nervosa. It was hypothesized that women with bulimia nervosa would not form a homogeneous group in terms of the body self disorder and that the extent of this disorder would be signifi cantly related to personality functioning in terms of the defence styles adopted. The hypothesis was investigated with the aid of two questionnaires: the Body Self Questionnaire (Mirucka, 2005) and the Defence Style Questionnaire by Andrews, Singh and Bond (1993). 36 women aged between 15 and 25 years, who fulfi lled the DSM IV criteria for bulimia nervosa participated in the study. Conclusions from the study were that: (1) the body self of bulimic women is differentially disordered at three levels: profound, moderate and minimal. (2) the degree to which the body self was found to be disordered is signifi cant in psychological terms as it is related to the defence style adopted by the bulimic personality. The profound and moderate levels of body self disorder related to immature defence styles, while minimal levels of disruption to body self were associated with neurotic and mature styles.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2013, 44, 1; 118-126
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defining Self-Esteem as a Relationship between Competence and Worthiness: How a Two-Factor Approach Integrates the Cognitive and Affective Dimensions of Self-Esteem
Autorzy:
Mruk, Christopher J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430858.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-esteem
defining self-esteem
two-factor approach
self-esteem and cognition
self-esteem and affect
selfesteem and relationships
Competence and Worthiness Training
Opis:
Although the importance of operational defi nitions is obvious while researching new areas of work, taking time to defi ne terms, especially key ones, is also important for mature fi elds. The study of self-esteem, for instance, is one of the oldest themes in psychology and it is characterized by work based on at least three different defi nitions of selfesteem. Each one of them has given rise to a school of thought with its own body of supportive research and fi ndings. Such situations often generate confusion in a fi eld, especially when it comes to establishing consensus or integrating material. Thus, this article fi rst presents the two-factor approach to self-esteem in order to demonstrate how defi ning it as a relationship between competence and worthiness helps to resolve issues that other leading defi nitions do not, especially the common practice of defi ning self-esteem simply as a feeling of “worth.” Second, an attempt is made to show how a two-factor approach also better integrates work on the cognitive and affective of dimensions of self-esteem.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2013, 44, 2; 157-164
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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