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    Tytuł:
    A PC-based operator and diagnostic panel for Simatic S7-200 programmable controllers
    Autorzy:
    Mazek, K.
    Chmiel, M.
    Kulisz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141655.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    operator panel
    human machine interface (HMI)
    programmable logic controller (PLC)
    wireless communication
    microprocessor system
    Opis:
    The paper describes a prototype operator panel, which was designed to operate with the S7-200 family of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC-s) from Siemens. Most of the functionality of the operator panel was implemented in a computer program, which runs on a PC-class computer. The program communicates with a PLC through its communication port configured in the Freeport mode. Two kinds of interface between the PC, and the PLC are supported: wired, and wireless. For wired connection a standard PC/PPI cable supplied by Siemens is used. For wireless connection two communication modules were designed, which operate in the free 433 MHz band. The operator panel program is intuitive, and easy to use. States of PLC inputs and outputs are presented using graphical objects. It is possible to modify states of the outputs, and monitor and edit any variable in the M and V memory in the PLC. The application supports also alarming. The program can be run on any computer with the MS Windows operating system installed. This makes the solution very cost-effective. Providing both wired and wireless communication radically increases flexibility of the proposed solution. The panel can be quickly mounted in areas, where pulling new cables is inconvenient, difficult or expensive.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2013, 62, 2; 307-320
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the systematic method of conditional control program execution by a PLC
    Autorzy:
    Milik, A.
    Chmiel, M.
    Hrynkiewicz, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201968.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    control program
    PLC
    LD
    IL
    FPGA
    compiler
    control program optimization
    PLC programming
    flow graph
    program sterujący
    kompilator
    kontrola
    optymalizacja oprogramowania
    programowanie sterowników PLC
    wykres przepływu
    Opis:
    The paper presents an original idea of the selective control program execution that allows significant response time reduction. The exhaustive analysis of the PLC program performance is given. An analytic approach explains the idea of the selective control program evaluation and gives the requirements for its feasibility. There is presented a systematic and formal method of program analysis based on a data flow graph approach. The method generates acyclic graph from the control program that is subject of optimization, variable allocation and instruction generation. The graph approach allows determining variables dependencies and task partitioning required by selective program execution. The method utilize the hardware supported variable changes detection. It is transparent for system operation and enables evaluation of blocks that require update.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2016, 64, 1; 161-170
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    About Implementation of IEC 61131-3 IL Function Blocks in Standard Microcontrollers
    Autorzy:
    Chmiel, M.
    Mocha, J.
    Hrynkiewicz, E.
    Polok, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226742.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    central processing unit
    programmable logic controller
    microprocessor control
    microprogramming
    programming languages
    language operators
    Opis:
    The paper presents considerations on implementation of function blocks of the IL language, as fragments of control programs that use these blocks. Subsequently, the predefined function blocks of the IL language have been applied to implementation in a Central Processing Unit for a programmable controller based on standard microcontroller from such families as MCS-51, AVR and ARM with the Cortex-M3 core. The considerations refer to the IL language revision that is fully compliant with the IEC-61131-3 standards. The completed theoretical analysis demonstrated that the adopted method of the module description is really reasonable and offers substantial advantages as compared to direct calls of function modules already developed as subroutines. Also the executed experiments have proved the feasibility to arrange central units of programmable controllers on the basis of standard microcontrollers and such central units may be competitive to compact CPUs available on the market for typical PLCs.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2014, 60, 1; 42-46
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of lipid and protein peroxidation markers in non-pregnant and pregnant female dogs
    Autorzy:
    Szczubial, M.
    Kankofer, M.
    Dabrowski, R.
    Bochniarz, M.
    Urban-Chmiel, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087973.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to investigate oxidative stress during normal pregnancy in female dogs based on an evaluation of plasma markers for lipid and protein peroxidation. Twenty clinically healthy female dogs (10 non-pregnant and 10 pregnant) were used in the study. Blood samples from the pregnant animals were collected at 19-21, 38-40, and 56-58 days of pregnancy. Blood samples from non-pregnant female dogs were obtained between 20 and 35 days after ineffective breeding. As indicators of oxidative stress, we measured the following using spectrophotometric and spectrof-luorimetric methods: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), radical cations of N,N, die-thylpara-phenylene diamine (RC-DEPPD), sulfhydryl groups (SH groups), bityrosine and formyl-kynurenine. The mean plasma TBARS concentration in the pregnant dogs (0.486 ± 0.071 - 0.581 ± 0.191 |imol/g protein) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that found in the non-pregnant animals (0.274 ± 0.111 |imol/g protein). A marked, although not significant, decrease in SH group content, as well as an increase in bityrosine and formylkynurenine concentration were concurrently observed in the pregnant dogs. No significant differences were found in terms of the studied markers in the pregnant animals when comparing the values obtained during the investigated periods of pregnancy, although there was a progressive decrease in TBARS concentration and a progressive increase in RC-DEPPD, bityrosine and formylkynurenine contents. Our findings suggest that normal pregnancy in female dogs is associated with oxidative stress. Further studies are necessary to establish the physiological ranges of antioxidative/oxidative profiles in pregnant dogs and to explain if and how the intensity of oxidative stress might contribute to the risk of the complications of pregnancy.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2015, 18, 1
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical Properties of Alumina Foam/Tri-Functional Epoxy Resin Composites with an Interpenetrating Network Structure
    Właściwości mechaniczne kompozytów pianka korundowa/ trójfunkcyjna żywica epoksydowa o strukturze infiltrowanej
    Autorzy:
    Ligoda-Chmiel, J.
    Potoczek, M.
    Śliwa, R. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353549.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    ceramic-polymer composites
    infiltration process
    Young's modulus
    Kirchoff modulus
    impulse excitation of vibration
    kompozyty ceramiczno-polimerowe
    proces infiltracji
    moduł Younga
    moduł Kirchoffa
    Opis:
    Methods of measuring effective material properties, including Young’s, Kirchoff’s modulus or Poisson’s ratio for composites with an interpenetrating network structure, where the both constituent phases have widely different physical properties, do not lead to an unambiguous interpretation. The commonly- known static methods have the basic disadvantage that higher strain values are needed in order to obtain proper results which is generally impossible to achieve in the case of brittle materials, e. g. ceramics or polymers, as well as for composites created by connecting both these components. The measurement of strain values during the stress test, decreases the values of Young’s modulus from several per cent to several dozen per cent, due to appearance of micro fractures in the brittle materials. If there are differences in the values, then a special form and an appropriate amount of samples are needed. Dynamic methods of predicting an effective material properties (ultrasonic and impulse excitation of vibration techniques) are much more accurate, and their non- destructive nature mean that the samples can be used again in other experiments. This paper uses the traditional compression test and ultrasonic and impulse excitation of vibration methods to compare and analyze the experimental material properties, such as Young’s modulus, Kirchoff’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio using alumina foam/tri-functional epoxy resin composites with an interpenetrating network structure.
    Metody wyznaczania stałych materiałowych, m.in. modułu Younga, Kirchoffa oraz współczynnika Poissona kompozytu o strukturze infiltrowanej, w którym obie fazy ciągłe charakteryzują się zupełnie innymi właściwościami fizycznymi, nie są jednoznaczne w interpretacji. Powszechnie znane metody statyczne pomiaru mają tę ujemną stronę, że do otrzymania dokładnych wyników, konieczne są większe odkształcenia, co jest z reguły niemożliwe do osiągnięcia dla materiałów kruchych, tj. ceramicznych lub polimerowych, a tym samym dla kompozytów powstałych przez połączenie tych dwóch komponentów. Pomiar odkształcenia względnego, powstającego podczas przyłożonego naprężenia obniża wartość mierzonego modułu Younga od kilku do kilkudziesięciu procent, z uwagi na pojawiające się w próbce mikropęknięcia. Ze względu na duży rozrzut wyników, metoda ta wymaga specjalnego kształtu i odpowiedniej ilości próbek. Dynamiczne metody wyznaczania stałych materiałowych (metoda ultradźwiękowa, metoda wzbudzania impulsu akustycznego) są znacznie dokładniejsze i nie mają wyżej wymienionych niedogodności, ponadto są to pomiary nieniszczące, pozwalające na ponowne wykorzystanie próbek do innych badań. W niniejszej pracy dokonano analizy porównawczej wartości eksperymentalnych stałych materiałowych, tj. modułu Younga, modułu Kirchoffa kompozytów pianka korundowa/trójfunkcyjna żywica epoksydowa o strukturze wzajemnie przenikających się faz, otrzymanych tradycyjną metodą statycznego ściskania, a także metodą ultradźwiękową oraz metodą wzbudzania impulsu akustycznego.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 4; 2757-2762
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An electrophoretic characterization of iron-transporting proteins in Mannheimia haemolytica A1
    Autorzy:
    Puchalski, A.
    Urban-Chmiel, R.
    Dec, M.
    Wernicki, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30623.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    Iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) in Mannheimia haemolytica A1, which function as a receptor for complexes containing iron ions, are induced by iron deficiency in the growth environment of the bacteria. Densitometric analysis of SDS-PAGE separation showed expression of IROMPs of 71, 77, and 100 kDa in the case of bacteria grown in a medium with 2,2-dipyridyl. The electrophoregrams obtained in 2-DE separations confirmed the presence of protein fractions with these molecular weights and isoelectric points ranging from 5.4 to 6.4. The results of the study also confirmed the ability of M. haemolytica A1 proteins involved in iron uptake to induce a protective immune response. In Western blot with serum from convalescent calves naturally infected with M. haemolytica A1, distinct reactions were obtained for IROMPs of 71, 77, and 100 kDa.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2013, 16, 3
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of conglutinin on phagocytic activity of bovine granulocytes
    Autorzy:
    Dec, M.
    Wernicki, A.
    Puchalski, A.
    Urban-Chmiel, R.
    Radej, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31860.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    conglutinin
    phagocytic activity
    bovine granulocyte
    granulocyte
    chemotaxis
    leucocyte
    cattle
    Opis:
    In the present study we investigated the effect of bovine conglutinin on the phagocytic activity of leukocytes. We measured both the chemotactic activity of conglutinin and its effect on the internalization of zymosan particles and E. coli by granulocytes. We also assessed the binding of conglutinin to various microorganisms isolated from clinical cases in cattle. We showed that conglutinin binds strongly to the surface of yeast cells and to mannan-rich zymosan particles, while weak binding was observed in the case of the bacterial strains tested, including those whose O antigen is composed of mannan. Conglutinin (1-10 μg/ml) neither acts as a chemotactic factor for peripheral blood leukocytes nor affects ingestion of E. coli by granulocytes. However, as flow cytometry based assay showed, conglutinin (0.1-1 μg/ml) increased ingestion of zymosan expressed as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of positive cells.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2012, 15, 3
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Characterization of outer membrane proteins participating in iron transport in Pasteurella multocida serotype A3
    Autorzy:
    Puchalski, A
    Dec, M.
    Wernicki, A.
    Urban-Chmiel, R.
    Gieral, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30100.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    iron-regulated outer membrane protein
    Pasteurella multocida
    iron transport
    iron ion
    iron deficiency
    protein
    new protein
    bacterial growth
    standard condition
    molecular weight
    amino acid sequence
    Opis:
    Iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) of P. multocida serotype A3, which function as receptors for complexes containing iron ions, are induced by iron deficiency in the bacterial growth environment. Analysis of an electrophoresis image of proteins isolated from bacteria grown on medium supplemented with 2,2'-dipyridyl revealed expression of 16 new proteins that were not noted in the case of the bacteria grown in standard conditions, with molecular weights from 30 to 160 kDa. Induction of IROMP expression occurred within 30 minutes after restricted iron conditions were established. In immunoblotting, distinct reactions were noted for proteins of molecular weight ranges of 25-49 kDa, 61-95 kDa, and 108-214 kDa. Proteins of the molecular weight of 68, 75 and 86 kDa were analysed using mass spectrometry and matched with the highest probability to proteins in the NCBI data base. Several dozen different proteins with similar amino acid sequences were matched to each sample.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2010, 13, 1; 121-127
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Genetic characterization of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from healthy pigeons
    Autorzy:
    Kizerwetter-Swida, M.
    Chrobak-Chmiel, D.
    Rzewuska, M.
    Antosiewicz, A.
    Dolka, B.
    Ledwoń, A.
    Czujkowska, A.
    Binek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32433.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    Coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) are opportunistic veterinary pathogens, of which Staphylococcus aureus, S. delphini and S. intermedius can be isolated from pigeons. The biochemical identification of S. delphini and S. intermedius isolates may be incorrect, because of their phenotypic similarity. The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify CoPS from domestic and feral pigeons and to determine their genetic relatedness by PFGE. A total number of 31 isolates of CoPS were obtained, 15 were identified as S. delphini group B, six as S. aureus, four as S. delphini group A, three as S. intermedius and three as S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans. The results indicate that S. delphini group B is the predominant CoPS species among pigeons studied. PFGE restriction patterns of S. delphini group A and S. delphini group B form separate clusters, demonstrating their genetic heterogeneity. Indistinguishable or very similar PFGE patterns observedamong S. delphini group B isolates from domestic and feral pigeons confirm the possibility of CoPS transmission between these birds.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2015, 18, 3
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Detection of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in young beef cattle in eastern and south-eastern regions of Poland
    Autorzy:
    Wernicki, A.
    Urban-Chmiel, R.
    Stegierska, D.
    Adaszek, L.
    Kalinowski, M.
    Puchalski, A.
    Dec, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30337.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Opis:
    In view of the scarcity of information concerning viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections in beef cattle in Poland, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the BVDV in young beef cattle from selected herds in eastern and south-eastern regions of Poland. The material consisted of 78 sera obtained from beef cattle from 15 farms, aged 6-12 months. The anti-BVDV antibody level in the sera was estimated with an ELISA kit, and detection of the BVDV was carried out by standard PCR and one step Real-Time RT-PCR. The ELISA results showed a high degree (80%) of positivity in 5 of the 78 samples. In 7 samples the degree of positivity was in the very low range: <40%. Of the 78 cDNA samples, the presence of genetic material with a length of 288 bp was found by standard PCR in 3 sera. The genetic material of BVDV was also found in the sera of the same three calves by Real-Time HRM PCR. BVDV infection in young beef cattle in south-eastern Poland is not a significant problem. This was confirmed by the positive ELISA results for 6.4% of the animals and the positive PCR results for 3.9%. The percentage of positive beef herds was about 8.6%. However, due to the severe nature of the disease and rapid transmission of the virus, regular monitoring of BVDV should be carried out.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2015, 18, 1
    1505-1773
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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