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Tytuł:
The Use Of Multifrequency Induction Heating For Temperature Distribution Control
Zastosowanie wieloczęstotliwościowego nagrzewania indukcyjnego do sterowania rozkładem temperatury
Autorzy:
Smalcerz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
induction heating
computer simulation
electromagnetic field
temperature field
ogrzewanie indukcyjne
symulacja komputerowa
pole elektromagnetyczne
pole temperatury
Opis:
The paper presents possibilities of controlling temperature field distribution in inductively heated charge. The change of its distribution was obtained using the sequential one-, two-, and three-frequency heating. The study was conducted as a multi-variant computer simulation of hard coupled electromagnetic and temperature fields. For the analysis, a professional calculation software package utilizing the finite element method, Flux 3D, was used. The problem of obtaining an appropriate temperature distribution in the heated charge of a complex shape is very important in many practical applications. A typical example is hardening of gear wheels. For such an application, it is necessary to obtain (on the surface and at a desired depth) an uniform temperature distribution on the tooth face, top land and bottom land of the gear. The obtained temperature should have proper distribution and value. Such a distribution is very difficult to achieve.
W artykule przedstawiono możliwość kształtowania rozkładu pola temperatury w nagrzewanym indukcyjnie wsadzie. Zmianę rozkładu temperatury uzyskano wykorzystując sekwencyjne nagrzewanie jedno-, dwu- i trój-częstotliwościowe. Badania przeprowadzono jako wielowariantową symulację komputerową silnie sprzężonego ze sobą pola elektromagnetycznego i pola temperatury. Do analizy wykorzystano profesjonalny pakiet obliczeniowy Flux 3D wykorzystujący metodę elementów skończonych. Problem uzyskania odpowiedniego rozkładu temperatury w nagrzewanym wsadzie o złożonej geometrii jest bardzo istotny w wielu zastosowaniach praktycznych. Typowym przykładem jest hartowanie kół zębatych. Dla takiego zastosowania wymagane jest uzyskanie równomiernego na powierzchni i na zadanej głębokości zęba i wrębu rozkładu temperatury o określonej wartości. Uzyskanie tak zdefiniowanego rozkładu jest bardzo trudne.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2A; 721-725
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interpolation formulas for coefficients reducing the strength of steel and aluminum alloys in increasing temperatures
Formuły interpolacyjne współczynników redukcyjnych wytrzymałości stali i stopów aluminium w podwyższonej temperaturze
Autorzy:
Gwóźdź, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/230860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stal
aluminium
pożar
temperatura nagrzania
wytrzymałość stopu
właściwości mechaniczne
zmniejszenie wytrzymałości
steel
aluminum
fire
heating temperature
alloy strength
mechanical properties
strength reduction
Opis:
Heating of steel or structural aluminum alloys at a speed of 2 to 50 K/min – characterizing the fire conditions - leads to a reduction in mechanical properties of the analyzed alloys. The limit of proportionality fp, real fy and proof f02 yield limit, breaking strength fu and longitudinal limit of elasticity E decrease as the temperature increases. Quantitative evaluation of the thermal conversion in strengths of structural alloys is published in Eurocodes 3 and 9, in the form of dimensionless graphs depicting reduction coefficients and selected (tabulated) discrete values of mechanical properties. The author’s proposal for an analytical formulation of code curves describing thermal reduction of elasticity modulus and strengths of structural alloys recommended for an application in building structures is presented in this paper.
W obliczeniach statycznych konstrukcji metalowych oddziaływania temperatury uwzględnia się w dwóch sytuacjach projektowych. W pierwszej, zwykle trwałej lub przejściowej sytuacji obliczeniowej, temperatura ma charakter oddziaływań technologicznych, które mogą wystąpić zarówno w konstrukcjach stalowych jak i aluminiowych. Druga sytuacja ma charakter wyjątkowy, ponieważ dotyczy temperatury pożarowej, która może wystąpić tylko w budynkach o konstrukcji stalowej (wyroby hutnicze aluminiowe oraz stalowe klasy 4 nie nadają się na konstrukcje budynków zagrożonych potencjalnym pożarem). Przywołany podział oddziaływań temperatury ma dość istotne znaczenie z uwagi na wymaganą dokładność dopasowania formuł analitycznych do wyników empirycznych zestawionych w normach. Nagrzewanie stali lub konstrukcyjnych stopów aluminium z szybkością od 2 do 50 K/min - charakteryzującą warunki technologiczne i pożarowe, prowadzi do redukcji właściwości mechanicznych analizowanych stopów.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2017, 63, 2; 39-54
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental studies of static and dynamic steel arch support load capacity and sliding joint temperature parameters during yielding
Autorzy:
Pytlik, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1853806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nośność statyczna
wyrobisko
podpora stalowa
yielding steel arch support
support shackle torque
static and dynamic load capacity
support work
arch acceleration in sliding joints
joint sparking and heating temperature during yielding
Opis:
Difficult geological and mining conditions as well as great stresses in the rock mass result in significant deformations of the rocks that surround the workings and also lead to the occurrence of tremors and rock bursts. Yielding steel arch support has been utilised in the face of hard coal extraction under difficult conditions for many years, both in Poland and abroad. A significant improvement in maintaining gallery working stability is achieved by increasing the yielding support load capacity and work through bolting; however, the use of rock bolts is often limited due to factors such as weak roof rock, significant rock mass fracturing, water accumulation, etc. This is why research and design efforts continue in order to increase yielding steel arch support resistance to both static and dynamic loads. Currently, the most commonly employed type of yielding steel arch support is a support system with frames constructed from overlapping steel arches coupled by shackles. The yield of the steel frame is accomplished by means of sliding joints constructed from sections of various profiles (e.g. V, TH or U-type), which slip after the friction force is exceeded; this force is primarily dependent on the type of shackles and the torque of the shackle screw nuts. This article presents the static bench testing results of ŁP10/V36/4/A, ŁP10/V32/4/A and ŁP10/V29/4/A yielding steel arch support systems formed from S480W and S560W steel with increased mechanical properties. The tests were conducted using 2 and 3 shackles in the joint, which made it possible to compare the load capacities, work values and characteristics of various types of support. The following shackle screw torques were used for the tests: Md = 500 Nm – for shackles utilised in the support constructed from V32 and V36 sections. Md = 400 Nm – for shackles utilised in the support constructed from V29 sections. The shackle screw torques used during the tests were greater compared to the currently utilised standard shackle screw torques within the range of Md = 350-450 Nm. Dynamic testing of the sliding joints constructed from V32 section with 2 and 3 shackles was also performed. The SD32/36W shackles utilised during the tests were produced in the reinforced versions and manufactured using S480W steel. Since comparative testing of a rock bolt-reinforced steel arch support system revealed that the bolts would undergo failure at the point of the support yield, a decision was made to investigate the character of the dynamics of this phenomenon. Consequently, this article also presents unique measurement results for top section acceleration values registered in the joints during the conduction of support tests at fullscale.Filming the yield in the joint using high-speed video and thermal cameras made it possible to register the dynamic characteristics of the joint heating process at the arch contact point as well as the mechanical sparks that accompanied it. Considering that these phenomena have thus far been poorly understood, recognising their significance is of great importance from the perspective of occupational safety under the conditions of an explosive atmosphere, especially in the light of the requirements of the new standard EN ISO 80079-36:2016, harmonised with the ATEX directive.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2020, 65, 3; 469-491
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exergy analysis of the performance of low-temperature district heating system with geothermal heat pump
Autorzy:
Sekret, R.
Nitkiewicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
exergy analysis
low-temperature geothermal water
district heating system
analiza egzergii
niskotemperaturowa woda geotermalna
ciepłownictwo systemowe
Opis:
Exergy analysis of low temperature geothermal heat plant with compressor and absorption heat pump was carried out. In these two concepts heat pumps are using geothermal water at 19.5°C with spontaneous outflow 24 m3/h as a heat source. The research compares exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of considered systems and its components as well. For the purpose of analysis, the heating system was divided into five components: geothermal heat exchanger, heat pump, heat distribution, heat exchanger and electricity production and transportation. For considered systems the primary exergy consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources was estimated. The analysis was carried out for heat network temperature at 50/40°C, and the quality regulation was assumed. The results of exergy analysis of the system with electrical and absorption heat pump show that exergy destruction during the whole heating season is lower for the system with electrical heat pump. The exergy efficiencies of total system are 12.8% and 11.2% for the system with electrical heat pump and absorption heat pump, respectively.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2014, 35, 1; 77-86
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of heating rate on sorbitic transformation temperature of tempering C45 steel
Autorzy:
Kulawik, A.
Winczek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat treatment
laser treatment
tempering
phase transformation
obróbka cieplna
obróbka laserowa
odpuszczanie stali
przemiana fazowa
Opis:
In this paper the analysis of speed heating influence on sorbitic transormation temperature of tempering C45 steel is presented. On the basis of dilatometric research, functions associating heating time with initial and final temperature of sorbitic transformation have been determined as well as the size structural (γ) and thermal (α) expansion coefficients of quenching and tempering structures have been estimated.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 2 spec.; 131-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Burner Locations in the Heating Furnace on the Charge Temperature Field
Wpływ usytuowania palników w piecu grzewczym na pole temperatury nagrzewanego wsadu do przeróbki plastycznej
Autorzy:
Rywotycki, M.
Szajding, A.
Malinowski, Z.
Telejko, T.
Gołdasz, A.
Beneš, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
industrial furnaces
heat transfer
numerical modelling
piece przemysłowe
przenikanie ciepła
modelowanie numeryczne
Opis:
Charge heating in industrial furnaces is a difficult and complex process. There are many physical phenomena which influence heat transfer. At the charge surface heat transfer takes place by radiation and convection. In order to ensure correct operation of the technological system, it is necessary to achieve the required charge temperature in the whole volume and ensure its uniformity. The influence of selected burner locations inside the furnace on the charge temperature has been analysed. The temperature field and its uniformity in the round charge made of steel for hot open die forging have been analysed. The model and numerical calculations were performed with the ANSYS-Fluent 14.5 package.
Nagrzewanie wsadu w piecach przemysłowych jest trudnym i złożonym procesem. Celem zapewnienia prawidłowej pracy ciągu technologicznego konieczne jest osiągnięcie przez wsad wymaganej temperatury w całej objętości, oraz zapewnienie odpowiedniej równomierności nagrzewania. W pracy określono wpływ sposobu nagrzewania wsadu w piecu komorowym dla wybranych wariantów usytuowania palników grzewczych. Analizie poddano pole temperatury i jego jednorodność w nagrzewanym wsadzie stalowym przeznaczonym do przeróbki plastycznej. Model i obliczenia wykonano pakietem numerycznym ANSYS-Fluent 14.5.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 3A; 1981-1985
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The problem of control of rod heating process with nonseparated conditions at intermediate moments of time
Autorzy:
Barseghyan, Vanya R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heating control
temperature
intermediate moments of time
nonseparated multipoint conditions
complete controllability
Opis:
The problem of control of rod heating process by changing the temperature along the rod whose ends are thermally insulated is considered. It is assumed that, along with the classical boundary conditions, nonseparated multipoint intermediate conditions are also given. Using the method of separation of variables and methods of the theory of control of finite-dimensional systems with multipoint intermediate conditions, a constructive approach is proposed to build the sought function of temperature control action. A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained, which the function of the distribution of the rod temperature must satisfy, so that under any feasible initial, nonseparated intermediate, and final conditions, the problem is completely controllable. As an application of the proposed approach, control action with given nonseparated conditions on the values of the rod temperature distribution function at the two intermediate moments of time is constructed.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2021, 31, 3; 481-493
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The problem of control of rod heating process with nonseparated conditions at intermediate moments of time
Autorzy:
Barseghyan, Vanya R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heating control
temperature
intermediate moments of time
nonseparated multipoint conditions
complete controllability
Opis:
The problem of control of rod heating process by changing the temperature along the rod whose ends are thermally insulated is considered. It is assumed that, along with the classical boundary conditions, nonseparated multipoint intermediate conditions are also given. Using the method of separation of variables and methods of the theory of control of finite-dimensional systems with multipoint intermediate conditions, a constructive approach is proposed to build the sought function of temperature control action. A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained, which the function of the distribution of the rod temperature must satisfy, so that under any feasible initial, nonseparated intermediate, and final conditions, the problem is completely controllable. As an application of the proposed approach, control action with given nonseparated conditions on the values of the rod temperature distribution function at the two intermediate moments of time is constructed.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2021, 31, 3; 481-493
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modified Hot Distortion Test to Investigate the Effect of the Inorganic Binder on the High-Temperature Behaviour of Physically Hardened Moulding Sands
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
sodium silicate
bonded sand
thermal deformation
hot distortion test
microwave heating
odlewnictwo
krzemian sodu
piasek związany
odkształcanie termiczne
nagrzewanie mikrofalowe
Opis:
This study is an attempt to determine by Hot Distortion Test (HDT) the impact of physical methods of hardening inorganic binders in the moulding sands on phenomena caused by influence of thermal energy from heating elements with a temperature of 900°C +/- 10°C. Medium silica sand-based moulding mixtures were densified and then hardened using two physical methods: microwave heating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz or classical drying at a temperature of 110°C. Sodium silicate bonded sand (SSBS) with five unmodified kinds of hydrated sodium silicates subjected to two different types of hardening method were assessed in terms of their behaviour in high temperature. Thermal behaviour by means of deformation measurement was carried out with a modified Hot Distortion Test (mHDT). Due to this advanced, but unstable by appropriate standards Hot Distortion Test gives an opportunity to measure thermoplastic deformations (L) in moulding sands in many aspects, such as time of annealing. Research carried out in this way exposed differences between inorganic binders with molar module ranging from 3.4 to 2.0. It was established that deformations under the influence of high temperature last the longest in SSBS containing binders with molar module ranging from 3.4 to 2.9. Similarly, for these types of moulding sands the method of hardening the binder is found to be essential for increasing/decreasing the rate of thermoplastic deformations during the annealing of samples. The samples of SSBS made with binders with molar module from 2.5 to 2.0 are found to be excessively susceptible to thermoplastic deformation as a result of heating them in high environmental temperature presence.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 2; 45-50
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal bowing of reinforced concrete elements exposed to non-uniform heating
Swobodne wyginanie się elementów żelbetowych pod wpływem nierównomiernego ogrzewania
Autorzy:
Kowalski, R.
Głowacki, M.
Wróblewska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/230904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
belka żelbetowa
temperatura wysoka
pożar
ugięcie
wyginanie termiczne
gradient temperatury
reinforced concrete beam
high temperature
fire
deflection
thermal bowing
temperature gradient
Opis:
The paper presents the test description and results of thermal bowing of RC beams exposed to non-uniform heating at high temperature. Bending of a non-uniformly heated element is caused by free thermal elongation of the material it is made of. The higher the temperature gradient, the greater the bending. In the case when an element is exposed to load and high temperature simultaneously, apart from free bending also deformation of the RC element may occur, which is caused by the decrease of the concrete or reinforcing steel mechanical properties. In order to examine the contribution of the deflection caused by thermal bowing to the total deformation of the bent element with a heated tension zone, an experimental study of freely heated (unloaded) beams was performed. RC beams were heated: (1) on three sides of the cross-section or (2) only on the bottom side. Deflection of elements loaded by a substitute temperature gradient was calculated using the Maxwell-Mohr formula. The test results show that deflection of freely heated RC beams (caused by the thermal bowing phenomenon) can be 10 to 20% of the total deflection of loaded RC beams with a heated tension zone.
W artykule przedstawiono opis i wyniki badań swobodnego wyginania się belek żelbetowych narażonych na nierównomierne ogrzewanie w temperaturze pożarowej. Elementy żelbetowe ogrzewane nierównomiernie wyginają się na skutek swobodnej wydłużalności termicznej materiału, a wygięcie jest tym większe, im większy jest gradient temperatury w przekroju. W literaturze zjawisko to jest nazywane thermal bowing. Zachodzi ono niezależnie od obciążenia elementu. W statycznie niewyznaczalnych elementach zginanych może ono powodować powstawanie dodatkowych sił wewnętrznych, a w elementach ściskanych (słupach) zwiększenie mimośrodu siły podłużnej. W elementach wytężonych podczas ogrzewania, oprócz swobodnego wyginania się powstają jeszcze deformacje spowodowane pogorszeniem właściwości mechanicznych betonu lub stali. W celu określenia, jaką część całkowitej deformacji wytężonego elementu ogrzewanego nierównomiernie od strony strefy rozciąganej może stanowić ugięcie wywołane zjawiskiem thermal bowing, przeprowadzono badania wyginania się nieobciążonych belek żelbetowych. W sumie zbadano siedem belek o przekroju 160 x 200 mm, długości 1300 mm, wykonanych z betonu klasy C35/45 z kruszywem żwirowym (krzemianowym). Średnia wytrzymałość betonu na ściskanie oznaczona na próbkach sześciennych o boku 150 mm wynosiła odpowiednio 46,3 MPa - po 28 dniach od zabetonowania oraz 60,8 MPa - po około 4 miesiącach (przed przystąpieniem do badań). Średnia granica plastyczności stali określona eksperymentalnie wynosiła 560 MPa.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2018, 64, 4/I; 247-264
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contactless turnouts’ heating for energy consumption optimization
Autorzy:
Flis, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
electric turnouts heating ETH
optimization of ETH system
temperature field
simulations
Opis:
An electric turnout heating (ETH) system is an essential technical and economic issue. Uninterrupted operation of the turnouts is crucial to maintaining railway transport safety. The classic heating system is characterized by high energy consumption. The usage of it is extremely expensive, so the need to optimize the current system becomes more and more critical. At the same time, the progress in the contactless heating method has become a promising alternative. The paper presents the results of tests performed for electric turnout heating systems for two types of heaters. In the first place, the analysis of heat distribution was performed using the ANSYS Fluent v.16. The temperature fields in the turnout models filled with a model of semi-melting snow were analyzed. Thanks to cooperation with the Railway Institute in Warsaw the second stage of the research was possible to be completed. In this part, the models were implemented in the real world using the 49E1 railway turnout. The numerical solutions were validated by the experiments. The verification showed a high level of agreement among the results. The obtained results indicate the need for further tests of heating systems, to validate an optimal method of turnout heating. It was found that in the classic ETH, the working space area consumes a tremendous amount of energy. To ensure a higher efficiency of the heating process, the contactless heater is proposed as an alternative.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2020, 69, 1; 133-145
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Initial Charge Temperature and Furnace Exploitation on Steel Loss
Autorzy:
Boryca, Jarosław
Wyleciał, Tomasz
Urbaniak, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048863.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heating of steel charge
loss of steel
initial charge temperature
furnace exploitation
Opis:
Steel loss related to the formation of scale is a parameter that is of great importance in the charge heating process. The value of steel loss determined by the thickness of the scale layer affects the intensity of the heat transfer process in the heating furnace, but also constitutes a significant element in the heat-material balance. Reducing the loss of steel during charge heating has a positive effect on heat consumption and material losses, which is extremely important in the context of energy and resource savings, the main elements of sustainable development processes. The methodology of determining the loss of steel to scale in an industrial heating furnace is presented in the paper. The results of calculations for various charge temperatures at the entrance to the furnace are presented. The influence of furnace operating conditions on steel loss is discussed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 1; 289-291
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Curie Temperature and Microstructural Changes Due to the Heating Treatment of Magnetic Amorphous Materials
Autorzy:
Gondro, J.
Błoch, K.
Brągiel, P.
Nabiałek, M.
Szota, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
amorphous alloys
magnetic properties
magnetic susceptibility
Mössbauer spectroscopy
Curie temperature
Opis:
Three distinct alloys: Fe86Zr7Nb1Cu1B5, Fe82Zr7Nb2Cu1B8, and Fe81Pt5Zr7Nb1Cu1B5 were characterized both magnetically and structurally. The samples, obtained with spinning roller method as a ribbons 3 mm in width and 20 μm thick, were investigated as-quenched and after each step of a multi steps heating treatment procedure. Each sample was annealed at four steps, fifteen minutes at every temperature, starting from 573K+600K up to +700K depending on type of alloy. Mössbauer spectroscopy data and transmission electron microscope (HRE M) pictures confirmed that the as-quenched samples are fully amorphous. This is not changed after the first stages of treatment heating leads to a reduction of free volumes. The heating treatment has a great influence on the magnetic susceptibilities. The treatment up to 600K improves soft magnetic properties: an χ increase was observed, from about 400 to almost 1000 for the samples of alloys without Pt, and from about 200 to 450 at maximum, for the Fe81Pt5Zr7Nb1Cu1B5. Further heating, at more elevated temperatures, leads to magnetic hardening of the samples. Curie temperatures, established from the location of Hopkinson’s maxima on the χ(T) curve are in very good agreement with those obtained from the data of specific magnetization, σ(T), measured in a field of 0.75T. As a critical parameter β was chosen to be equal 0.36 for these calculations, it confirmed that the alloys may be considered as ferromagnetic of Heisenberg type. Heating treatment resulted in decreasing of TC. These changes are within a range of several K.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 451-456
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pearlitic Lamellae Spheroidisation During Austenitization and Subsequent Temperature Hold
Autorzy:
Hauserova, D.
Dlouhy, J.
Kover, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Accelerated Spheroidisation and Refinement
annealing
bearing steel
induction heating
Opis:
Typical processing routes for bearing steels include a soft annealing stage. The purpose of this procedure is to obtain a microstructure containing globular carbides in ferritic matrix. A newly developed process called ASR (Accelerated Spheroidisation and Refinement) cuts the carbide spheroidisation times several fold, producing considerably finer globular carbides than conventional soft annealing. Finer microstructure also leads to more homogeneous and finer structure after final hardening process. The present paper explores process of the accelerated spheroidisation (ASR) in steel 100CrMnSi6-4 with initial pearlitic structure. Cementite lamellae morphology was observed in different stages of austenitization. The heat treatment was performed using induction heating in quenching dilatometer. There was analysed influence of austenitization temperature and austenitization time on spheroidisation. Hardness and carbide morphology was observed. Deep etching was used to reveal evolution of cementitic lamellae fragmentation. It is favourable process especially in induction treatment of small parts.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 201-204
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure Evolution and Formation Mechanism of Copper-Silver Alloy Fabricated by Induction Heating Directional Solidification at Different Mold Temperatures
Autorzy:
Luo, Jihui
Li, Yangyang
Huang, Yanke
Huang, Yuehao
Zheng, Yuling
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
induction heating directional solidification
Cu-Ag alloy
mold temperature
microstructure
Opis:
Cu-2wt%Ag alloy with diameter of 10 mm was fabricated by induction heating directional solidification (IHDS). The effect of different mold temperatures on microstructure of IHDS Cu-2wt%Ag alloy was investigated. The results show that IHDS Cu-2wt%Ag alloy is mainly composed of coarse columnar grains at mold temperature of 1075°C. While the mold temperature is at 1100°C, 1150°C and 1200°C, respectively, the IHDS Cu-2wt%Ag alloy is composed of columnar grains and equiaxed grains and the number of grains increases. Meanwhile, the growth direction of columnar grains in the edge of alloys deviates from the direction of continuous casting to form “V” shape. While the mold temperature is controlled at high temperature, the induced current increases, which leads to the enhancement of eddy current in the mold. Therefore, the dendrites fall off to form new grains under the effect of eddy stirring, resulting in an increasing in the number of grains.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 113-117
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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