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Tytuł:
Models of n-th order linear time – varying systems
Autorzy:
Piwowar, A.
Walczak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141111.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LTV
parametric section
LTV connection
parallel connection
cascade connection
Opis:
Effective algorithms of constructing models of generalized parametric sections of the n-th order consisting of cascade and parallel elementary LTV section connections are presented in this paper. Moreover, the methods of impulse responses determination have been shown.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2015, 64, 2; 315-331
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The binary algorithm of cascade connection of nonlinear digital filters described in functional series
Autorzy:
Siwczyński, M.
Żaba, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/199880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
functional series
operators
cascade connection
binary algorithms
Opis:
The article presents an example of the use of functional series for the analysis of nonlinear systems for discrete time signals. The homogeneous operator is defined and it is decomposed into three component operators: the multiplying operator, the convolution operator and the alignment operator. An important case from a practical point of view is considered – a cascade connection of two polynomial systems. A new, binary algorithm for determining the sequence of complex kernels of cascade from two sequences of kernels of component systems is presented. Due to its simplicity, it can be used during iterative processes in the analysis of nonlinear systems (e.g. feedback systems).
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2019, 67, 5; 963-968
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Public Libraries and Spaces of Micro Connection in the Intercultural City
Autorzy:
Peterson, Melike
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
public libraries
intercultural encounters
micro connection
shared spaces
belonging
multi-ethnic societies
Opis:
Everyday spaces represent central platforms that provide opportunities for encounters marked by ethnic and cultural diversity, where transformations can be negotiated that rethink living together. The significance of these ‘third places’ has been extensively researched. Yet, some spaces such as public libraries continue to be largely overlooked by geographers. Public libraries also remain under-appreciated within wider society despite their obvious social functions. Central here is that public libraries can be understood as dynamic and ‘lived spaces’ that enable the emergence of transient connections and relationships. Such spaces are increasingly sparse within modern cities. This paper explores the potential of everyday spaces of encounter, specifically public libraries, to facilitate the unfolding of ‘light’ connections and relationships, nurturing more inclusive forms of urban togetherness and belonging in multi-ethnic societies and the significance that people attribute to these often mundane encounters and micro connections. In so doing, this paper combines findings from two research projects that investigate mixed or intercultural encounters in public libraries in Bremen (Germany) and Glasgow (Scotland).
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 1; 65-79
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimentally assisted modelling of the behaviour of steel angle brace
Autorzy:
Barszcz, A. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/231314.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rama stalowa
kratownica usztywniająca
zastrzał
połączenie typu widelec
połączenie spawane
połączenie śrubowe
charakterystyka siła-odkształcenie
steel frame
truss bracing
angle brace
fork connection
welded connection
bolted connection
force-deformation characteristitic
Opis:
Steel frame wind bracing systems are usually made of hot rolled profiles connected to frame elements directly or through a gusset plate. The behaviour of angle bracing members is generally complex since controlled by tension or compression, bending and torsion. The common practice is to transform the problem of complex behaviour into the buckling strength of a truss member. This paper deals with an analytical formulation of the force-deformation characteristic of a single angle brace subjected to compression. A strut model takes into consideration the effect of brace end connections and softening effect of its force-deformation characteristic. Two different boundary conditions, typical for engineering practice, are dealt with. Experimental program of testing the behaviour of angle brace in portal sub-frame specimens is described. Results of experimental investigations are presented. They are used for the validation of developed model. Conclusions are formulated with reference to the application of validated brace model in the analysis of braced steel frameworks.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2014, 60, 1; 3-39
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rectangular gusset plate behaviour in cold-formed I-type steel connections
Zachowanie prostokątnej blachy węzłowej w połączeniach stalowch typu I, formowanych na zimno
Autorzy:
Bučmys, Ž
Daniūnas, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/230467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
konstrukcja stalowe
płyta narożna
złącze typu I
złącze formowane na zimno
połączenie półsztywne
wytrzymałość
sztywność
steel structure
gusset plate
I-type connection
cold-formed connection
semi-rigid connection
strength
stiffness
Opis:
Cold-formed structure connections utilizing gusset plates are usually semi-rigid. This paper investigates the behaviours of rectangular gusset plates in cold-formed connections of elements whose columns and beams are made with lipped back-to-back C-sections. Methods of calculating strength and stiffness are necessary for such semi-rigid joints. The main task of this paper is to determine a method capable of calculating these characteristics. The proposed analytical method could then be easily adapted to the component method that is described in part 1993-1-8 of the Eurocode. This method allows us to calculate both the strength and stiffness of rectangular gusset plates, assuming that the joint deforms only in plane. This method of design moment resistance calculation was presented taking into account that an entire cross-section shall reach its yield stress. A technique of stiffness calculation was presented investigating the sum of deformations acquired at the bending moment and from shear forces which are transmitted from each beam bolt group. Calculation results according to the suggested method show good agreement of laboratory experimental results of specimens with numerical simulations. Two specimens of beam-to-column connections were tested in the laboratory. Lateral supports were used on the specimens to prevent lateral displacements in order to better investigate the behaviour of the rectangular gusset plate in plane. Experiments were simulated by modelling rectangular gusset plates using standard finite element software ANSYS Workbench 14.0. Three-dimensional solid elements were used for modelling and both geometric and material nonlinear analysis was performed.
Cienkościenne przekroje formowane na zimno są szeroko stosowane jako konstrukcje nośne. W większości przypadków, cienkościenne przekroje pełnią funkcję płatew, kratownic stalowych oraz lekkich ram portalowych. Połączenia takich konstrukcji powinny być proste, szybkie i łatwe w instalacji. Jednym z najprostszych sposobów połączenia belki nośnej z kolumną jest zastosowanie blach węzłowych i śrub. Ten rodzaj połączenia składa się z blachy węzłowej, przekrojów kolumny i belki nośnej oraz śrub. Przegląd prac wykazał brak uniwersalnych i dokładnych metod obliczania wytrzymałości i sztywności prostokątnych blach węzłowych. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie metody oceny prostokątnej blachy węzłowej, zarówno pod względem wytrzymałości jak i sztywności. Ponadto, skupia się ona na porównaniu tych wyników z danymi dotyczącymi badania laboratoryjnego i danych numerycznej symulacji. Niniejsza praca zawiera metodę oceny wytrzymałości i sztywności prostokątnej blachy węzłowej. Zachowanie zostało zbadane przy założeniu, że blacha ulega deformacji wyłącznie w płaszczyźnie. Obrót prostokątnej blachy węzłowej został zbadany jako suma deformacji będących wynikiem sił zginania i ścinania, które są przenoszone z grupy śrub. Preparaty EC3 zostały dostosowane do przedstawionej metody obliczania sztywności.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2017, 63, 2; 3-21
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of bolt forces for the operational state of a bolted flange connection
Wyznaczanie sił w śrubach w kołnierzowym połączeniu śrubowym w stanie eksploatacyjnym
Autorzy:
Grzejda, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bolted flange connection
operational state
bolt force
kołnierzowe połączenie śrubowe
stan eksploatacyjny
siła w śrubie
Opis:
In the paper modelling and calculations of an asymmetrical bolted flange connection at the operational stage are presented. The physical model of the joint is based on a flexible flange element that is connected with a rigid support by means of hybrid elements, which substitute bolts. Between the flange element and the support, the nonlinear Winkler model of a contact layer is taken into consideration. A computational model of the system is proposed, which makes it possible to analyze any preloaded bolted flange connection subjected to an eccentric normal load. Results obtained from the calculations are compared with described experimental research.
W pracy przedstawiono modelowanie i obliczenia asymetrycznego kołnierzowego połączenia śrubowego w stanie eksploatacyjnym. Model fizyczny połączenia jest zbudowany z odkształcalnego kołnierza mocowanego do nieodkształcalnej ostoi za pomocą elementów hybrydowych, modelujących śruby. Pomiędzy elementami łączonymi wprowadzono nieliniową warstwę sprężystą typu winklerowskiego. Zaproponowano model połączenia umożliwiającego analizę dowolnego kołnierzowego połączenia śrubowego, wstępnie naprężonego i obciążonego zewnętrznie mimośrodowo siłą normalną. Uzyskane wyniki obliczeń porównano z wynikami wykonanych badań doświadczalnych.
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2013, 37, 3; 73-83
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of bolt configurations on stiffness for steel-wood-steel connection loaded parallel to grain for softwoods in Malaysia
Autorzy:
Razim, Nur Liza
Sheng, Francis Ting Shyue
Karim, Abdul Razak Abdul
Nabialek, Marcin
Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri
Sroka, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sztywność
analiza elementów skończonych
połączenie śrubowe
połączenie stal-drewno-stal
drewno miękkie
Eurokod 5
stiffness
finite element analysis
bolt connection
steel-wood-steel connection
softwood
Eurocode 5
Opis:
Steel-wood-steel connection is widely seen in many applications, such as timber structures. The stiffness of steel-wood-steel connection loaded parallel to grain for softwoods originated from Malaysia was investigated in this study. Numerical models have been developed in ABAQUS to study the stiffness connection. Softwoods of Damar Minyak and Podo have been selected in this analysis. The comprehensive study focused on the effect of bolt configurations on stiffness. Numerical analysis is carried out and the developed model has been validated with the previous study. Further investigations have been made by using the validated model. From this model, numerical analysis of the stiffness values have been made for various bolt configurations, including bolt diameter, end distance, bolt spacing, number of rows and bolts and edge distance. The result shows that the stiffness of bolted timber connections for softwood depends on the bolt diameter, number of rows and bolts, end distance and edge distance. Based on the result, stiffness increased as the diameter of the bolt, end distance, number of rows and bolts and edge distance increased. It is also discovered that the stiffness equation in Eurocode 5 (EC5) is inadequate as the equation only considered parameters which are wood density and bolt diameter. Other connection parameters such as geometry are not considered in the EC5 equation.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2022, 68, 3; 323--338
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantity-based flow control strategy for connection-oriented communication networks
Autorzy:
Karbowańczyk, M.
Żuk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
telecommunication networks
congestion control
Smith predictor
Opis:
In this paper a new flow control strategy for connection-oriented communication networks is presented. It utilises methods of control theory, in particular the Smith predictor and dead-beat control, to achieve desirable dynamics of the considered network. In contrast to a number of earlier proposals in which the controller command is interpreted as the rate transmission, in our solution it is interpreted as the quantity of data that the controlled node is expected to send. This allows us to model a single virtual connection with non-persistent data source as a time-delay system in which the delay may temporarily exceed its assumed boundary. Favourable properties of the proposed control strategy are formulated as mathematical theorems and thoroughly discussed.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2012, 60, 2; 293-300
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Behavior of Steel Branch Connections during Fatigue Loading
Autorzy:
Sládek, A.
Patek, M.
Mičian, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353905.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
branch connection
stress analysis
fatigue bending test
Opis:
Fatigue behavior of the branch connection made of low-alloyed steel with yield stress of 355 MPa during low-cycle bending test is investigated in the article. Numerical prediction of the stress and strain distribution are described and experimentally verified by fatigue test of the branch connection sample. Experimental verification is based on low-cycle bending testing of the steel pipes welded by manual metal arc process and loaded by external force in the appropriate distance. Stresses and displacement of the samples induced by bending moment were measured by unidirectional strain gauges and displacement transducers. Samples were loaded in different testing levels according to required stress for 2.106 cycles. Increase of the stress value was applied until the crack formation and growth was observed. Results showed a high agreement of numerical and experimental results of stress and displacement.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1597-1601
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interface and connection model in the railway traffic control system
Autorzy:
Karolak, Juliusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
interface
ETCS
modelling
railway traffic control
interfejs
modelowanie
sterowanie ruchem kolejowym
Opis:
The article presents a model of connection of ETCS application and classical base layer equipment. The model distinguishes three layers: physical, logic and data, which require different modelling techniques and at the same time must be consistent. The model will form the basis for the digital mapping in the Digital Twin of the ETCS application. Layer division is a natural way to represent the structure of a device and its operating rules. It allows a detailed and structured representation of the interfaces of a connection and then an analysis of the connection both with respect to the layer of interest and from the point of view of the interaction between features in the different layers. The S-interface of the LEU encoder of the ETCS is described, taking into account different solutions encountered in practice. The conditions of the connection between the LEU encoder and the environment form a description of one of the two boundaries between the ETCS application, i.e. the implemented ERTMS/ETCS on a specific area of the railway network, and the environment. A general connection model and definitions of a connection and an interface are presented. As an example, the electrical connection with signals transmitted through galvanic connections has been assumed to be typical for LEU encoder and track-side signalling control circuits found in base layer equipment. The physical layer is described in terms of physical parameters and their values. The parameters are divided into electrical (current, voltage and frequency) and mechanical ones (number of leads, conductor thickness, etc.). The values of the electrical parameters are expressed in terms of a uncountable set with defined limits. The logic layer was described in a vector-matrix form. Logic signals are assigned to electrical signals with specific physical parameters. The data layer contains information about the assignment of specific telegrams to specific electrical signals.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2021, 58, 2; 137-147
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical and Laboratory Tests of Aluminum Profile Connection Using the "Popular Lock"
Autorzy:
Golewski, P.
Sadowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bolt-channel
numerical simulation
popular lock
aluminium profile
Opis:
Aluminum profiles play an important role in civil engineering (facades, walls with windows) as well as in mechanical engineering (production lines, constructions of 3D printers and plotters). To ensure quick assembly, disassembly or changed the dimensions of constructions it is not possible to use such methods as welding, adhesive or riveting joints. The solution may be to use the so-called "popular lock”. It is a mechanism, the closure of which is caused by tightening of the conical screw, joining the "T" profile in the node. In order to properly design using the presented type of connection, it is necessary to know its strength and stiffness both in simple and complex loads states, also including imperfections. In the literature there is no information about the operation of the construction node with the so-called "popular lock”. The paper presents the results of experimental tests for connections subjected to uniaxial tensile test, paying special attention to the defects that may appear during the assembly. In the next step, a 3D solid connection model was created. Numerical simulations were performed in the Abaqus / Explicite program for both uniaxial tensile test and bending tests in two planes. Limit values of loads above which there is a plastic deformation of the material were determined. Determination of stiffness and strength of a single node allowed to make a simplified connector model. Using the numerical model, the analysis was performed taking into account the influence of imperfections on the work of the entire connection.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 1; 339-346
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Low-loss connection of hybrid fibre optic systems with low sensitivity to wavelength
Autorzy:
Skorupski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
photonic-crystal fiber
measurement of mode-field diameter
fiber characterization
beam combining
Opis:
This paper proposes a method for adjusting light waves propagating in systems composed of photonic fibers, light sources and detection elements. The paper presents the properties of these connections in terms of the loss of signal transmission. Different fiber core areas were analyzed, and measurements of the mode-field diameters (MFDs) of selected fiber structures are presented. The study analyzed two types of LMA (Large Mode Area) fiber structures, and the mode-field diameters of these structures were measured on the basis of the radiation distribution obtained under near-field conditions. The results are compared to the values obtained for a SMF-28 single-mode fiber. The LMA structures analyzed in the paper are characterized by low sensitivity of the MFD parameter to the length of transmitted waves, which creates the possibility of their use as intermediate fibers when connecting optical fibers of different diameters. In the wavelength range from 800 nm to 1600 nm, a 3.5% MFD change was observed for the first investigated LMA structure, and a 1% change was observed for the second. In addition, measurements of the mode-field diameters were also made using the transverse offset method for comparison of the results.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2013, 20, 4; 697-704
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gravimetric connection between the age points P1 (Wilczekodden) and P3 (Gåshamna) in the area of the Hornsund Fiord in Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Koblański, Andrzej
Małoszewski, Stanisław
Śliz, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057375.pdf
Data publikacji:
1984
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 1984, 5, 3-4; 293-294
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tightness and material aspects of bolted flange connections with gaskets of nonlinear properties exposed to variable loads
Autorzy:
Walczak, R.
Pawlicki, J.
Zagórski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355970.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
material
bolted flange connection
gasket
tightness
Opis:
Tightness and material aspects of bolted flange connections with gaskets of nonlinear properties exposed to variable loads The paper presents the problems regarding bolted flange connections with gaskets used in chemical, petrochemical and energy industry. The aim of the research is to present state of knowledge regarding pipelines and apparatus in industrial installations and rules and regulations regarding flange connections tightness. Additionally a calculation example regarding flange connection according to ASME VIIIDIV 1 requirement and then detailed Finite Element Analysis presented; impact of nonlinear material properties (gasket loading unloading curves) on the connection tightness for complex loading programme is shown. It is finally concluded that in addition to usual design calculations more precise calculation is needed to fully verify behaviour of sealed connection at complex extreme variable loadings. Material aspect is very important at designing, testing, service and maintenance; taking it into consideration may avoid many problems related to safe exploitation.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1409-1416
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurements of ASON/GMPLS connection control layer performance according to ETSI methodology
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, S.
Młynarczuk, M.
Narloch, M.
Sac, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ASON
GMPLS
control performance measurements
ETSI methodology
RSVP
NGN
Opis:
Measurements of performance have always been crucial for the evaluation of telecommunication systems, especially for implementation of network control elements responsible for connection handling which regards to bandwidth reservation, modification and release. That problem also arises in the Automatically Switched Optical Network/Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (ASON/GMLPS) architecture, which is considered as one of the components of Next Generation Network (NGN). The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) proposed a universal methodology of telecommunication control elements performance measurements, which can be also adopted to investigation of an ASON/GMPLS connection control layer. In this paper the application of the ETSI measurements methodology with regard to ASON/GMPLS performance is described. The implementation of a laboratory testbed as well as executed performance measurements according to the ETSI methodology and their results are presented.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2012, 19, 2; 355-364
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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