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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    A case study of working fluid selection for a small-scale waste heat recovery ORC system
    Autorzy:
    Klimaszewski, Piotr
    Zaniewski, Dawid
    Witanowski, Łukasz
    Suchocki, Tomasz
    Klonowicz, Piotr
    Lampart, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    waste heat recovery
    organic Rankine cycle
    ORC fluids
    heat exchangers
    turboexpander
    ciepło odpadowe
    odzysk ciepła
    ORC
    organiczny cykl Rankine'a
    wymienniki ciepła
    turboekspander
    Opis:
    The paper illustrates a case study of fluid selection for an internal combustion engine heat recovery organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system having the net power of about 30 kW. Various criteria of fluid selection are discussed. Particular attention is paid to thermodynamic performance of the system and human safety. The selection of working fluid for the ORC system has a large impact on the next steps of the design process, i.e., the working substance affects the turbine design and the size and type of heat exchangers. The final choice is usually a compromise between thermodynamic performance, safety and impact on natural environment. The most important parameters in thermodynamic analysis include calculations of net generated power and ORC cycle efficiency. Some level of toxicity and flammability can be accepted only if the leakages are very low. The fluid thermal stability level has to be taken into account too. The economy is a key aspect from the commercial point of view and that includes not only the fluid cost but also other costs which are the consequence of particular fluid selection. The paper discusses various configurations of the ORC system – with and without a regenerator and with direct or indirect evaporation. The selected working fluids for the considered particular power plant include toluene, DMC (dimethyl carbonate) and MM (hexamethyldisiloxane). Their advantages and disadvantages are outlined.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 3; 159-180
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prototype of the domestic CHP ORC energy system
    Autorzy:
    Kicinski, J.
    Zywica, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/202159.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    distributed cogeneration
    ORC systems
    micro-turbines
    renewable energy sources
    kogeneracja rozproszona
    system ORC
    mikroturbiny
    odnawialne źródła energii
    Opis:
    The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery (IMP PAN) in Gdansk pursues its own research in fields such as technologies that use renewable energy sources efficiently, including in particular the small-scale combined heat and power (CHP) systems. This article discusses the design concepts for the prototype of small CHP ORC (organic Rankine cycle) energy system, developed under the research project. The source of heat is a boiler designed for biomass combustion. Electricity was generated using specially designed oil-free vapour micro-turbine. The turbo-generator has compact structure and hermetical casing thanks to the use of gas bearings lubricated by working medium. All energy system components are controlled and continuously monitored by a coherent automation and control system. The article also discusses selected experimental results conducted under laboratory conditions. Thermal-flow tests were presented that allow for an assessment of the operation of energy system components. Additionally, energy performance results of the turbo-generator were given including power obtained at various cycle parameters. The achieved results have shown that the developed energy system operated in accordance with design solutions. Electricity derived from the energy system prototype was around 2 kW, with boiler’s thermal power of 25 kW. The research has also confirmed that this system can be used in a domestic environment.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2016, 64, 2; 417-424
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dual ORC-Brayton power system for waste heat recovery in heavy-duty vehicles
    Autorzy:
    Cholewiński, M.
    Pospolita, W.
    Błoński, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224018.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    organic Rankine cycle
    Brayton cycle
    energy efficiency
    road transport
    waste heat utilization
    cykl Rankina
    cykl Braytona
    efektywność energetyczna
    transport drogowy
    wykorzystanie ciepła odpadowego
    Opis:
    Reducing the amount of energy required in industrial activities is one of the proven ways to achieve major cost savings, especially in the face of soaring energy prices. In the transport sector, besides the financial benefits, low energy consumption leads to the significant reduction of emissions of many pollutants. In this paper the new concept of dual power technology, dedicated to heavy road transport, was modelled and analysed by computer simulations. The combination of organic Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle was proposed, where the waste heat of fumes was recognized as a upper heat source, whereas the surrounding was adopted to be the lower one. Improvement of total energy conversion efficiency of the truck was the key success factor. Environmental friendly fluids (air and R123) were utilised. The operating parameters, power characteristics and energy streams (i.e. dispersion) of the system were evaluated, calculated and commented from the perspective of its theoretical profitability. The calculated net power capacity of analysed dual system was around 50 hp for 100% load. However, when the engine load is below 50% of nominal capacity, the power generation of combined system might be lower than in the case of single ORC system.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2016, 39, 3; 7-19
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the use of waste heat from a glass melting furnace for electricity production in the organic Rankine cycle system
    Autorzy:
    Musiał, Arkadiusz Mateusz
    Antczak, Łukasz
    Jędrzejewski, Łukasz
    Klonowicz, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845495.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    energy efficiency
    distributed generation
    organic rankine cycle
    ORC
    industrial waste heat
    Opis:
    In most production plants, waste heat is usually discharged into the environment, contributing to a reduction in the energy efficiency of industrial processes. This is often due to the low thermal parameters of the carriers in which this energy is contained, such as oils, water, exhaust gases or other post-process gases, which means that their use for electricity production in a conventional Rankine cycle may prove to be economically unprofitable. One of the technologies enabling the use of lowand medium-temperature waste heat carriers is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology. The paper present results of calculations performed to evaluate potential electricity production in ORC using waste heat from a natural gas-fired glass melting furnace. The analysis was carried out assuming the use of a single-stage axial turbine, whose efficiency was estimated using correlations available in the literature. The calculations were carried out for three working fluids, namely hexamethyldisiloxane, dimethyl carbonate, and toluene for two scenarios, i.e. ORC system dedicated only to electricity production and ORC system working in cogeneration mode, where heat is obtain from cooling the condenser. In each of the considered cases, the ORC system achieves the net power output exceeding 300 kW (309 kW for megawatts in the cogenerative mode to 367 kW for toluene in the non-cogenerative mode), with an estimated turbine efficiency above 80%, in range of 80,75 to 83,78%. The efficiency of the ORC system, depending on the used working fluid and the adopted scenario, is in the range from 14.85 to 16.68%, achieving higher efficiency for the non-cogenerative work scenario.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 1; 15-33
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The thermodynamic analysis of the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle cooperating with a system of waste heat recovery
    Autorzy:
    Ziółkowski, P.
    Kowalczyk, T.
    Hernet, J.
    Kornet, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175466.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    binary cycle
    waste heat
    ORC
    thermodynamical analysis
    numerical
    analysis
    CFM (computational flow mechanics)
    Opis:
    In this paper, thermodynamic analysis of the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle cooperating with a system of waste heat recovery from exhaust gases are presented. According to that purpose, the CFM (computation flow mechanics) approach has been used correctly. In this paper, traditional steam cycle, the bottoming organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and a system of waste heat recovery with use of water with temperature 90 ◦C have been analyzed. The Szewalski binary vapour cycle is providing steam as the working fluid in the high temperature part of the cycle, while another fluid – organic working fluid – as the working substance substituting conventional steam over the temperature range represented by the low pressure steam expansion. The steam cycle for reference conditions, the Szewalski binary vapour cycle, and the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle cooperating with a system of waste heat recovery have been comprised. Four working fluids in the low temperature part of binary cycle such as ammonia, propane, isobutene and ethanol have also been investigated. Moreover, the Szewalski cycle is a good resolution for proper using heat flux received from the exhaust gases heat regeneration system.
    Źródło:
    Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery; 2015, 129; 51-75
    0079-3205
    Pojawia się w:
    Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energetic efficiency of the combined ORC and gas turbine installation powered by the anaerobic sewage sludge stabilization system
    Autorzy:
    Matysko, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    ORC
    sludge
    biogas
    gas turbine
    ścieki
    biogaz
    turbina gazowa
    Opis:
    The present paper describes a cycle, which may be applied in sewage treatment plants as a system to convert biological waste into process heat and electricity. In sludge stabilization processes anaerobic fermentation acts as the source of methane, which can be used then to generate heat and electric current in gas turbines. Products of high-temperature oxidation can be utilized in organic Rankine cycles to generate electric power. Waste heat is used for heating the fermenting biomass. Energy balance equations mentioned in the thesis: organic Rankine cycle, regenerative gas turbine engine, anaerobic sludge stabilization system.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2018, 39, 4; 71--83
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The theoretical model of the transient behaviour for the micro combined heat and power organic Rankine cycle
    Teoretyczny model ciągły dla obiegu kogeneracyjnego ORC
    Autorzy:
    Matysko, R.
    Mikielewicz, J.
    Ihnatowicz, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172873.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    układ mikro CHP
    obieg ORC
    modelowanie dynamiczne
    wymiana ciepła
    micro CHP system
    ORC cycle
    dynamical modelling
    heat transfer
    Opis:
    W pracy przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń obiegu ORC w warunkach eksploatacyjnych. Przeprowadzone obliczenia umożliwiają określenie bezwładności układu podczas zmiany obciążeń cieplnych parownika i skraplacza. Z obliczeń uzyskano czasy bezwładności oraz parametry temperatury na dolocie do turbiny i skraplacza dla czynnika R123. Bardzo zbliżone wyniki obliczeń parametrów uzyskanych z własnego modelu obiegu ORC do przeprowadzonego niezależnie eksperymentu dają podstawy do stwierdzenia, że model dobrze odzwierciedla układy rzeczywiste. Podkreślić należy fakt, że obliczenia dynamiki obiegu za pomocą tego modelu przeprowadzono dla różnych czynników roboczych (R123, HFE7100, propan) uzyskując dobre jakościowo wyniki, co pozwala poszerzyć zakres jego stosowalności również na inne czynniki robocze. Wyniki własnych obliczeń porównano z badaniami eksperymentalnymi obiegu ORC innych autorów uzyskując dobrą zgodność.
    This article presents results of calculations of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) in working conditions. The calculations make it possible to define the inertia of the evaporator and condenser while the heat loads change occurs. Calculations allow to get the inertia of the system, and the parameters of temperature at the inlet to the turbine and condenser for the R123 refrigerant. Very similar calculations results of the parameters were obtained from own model for ORC cycle, and experiment results performed independently gave basis to conclude that the model well reflects the real systems. It should be emphasized that the dynamics calculations for the cycle prepared by this model was conducted for different working fluids (R123, HFE7100, propane). Good quality of the results from these calculations, allows to expand the scope of the model applicability to other working fluids. Our own results of calculations were compared with other authors experimental studies of the ORC cycle obtaining a good compliance.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Energetyki; 2012, 42, 2; 93-102
    0066-684X
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Energetyki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Utilization of organic Rankine cycles in a cogeneration system with a high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor – thermodynamic analysis
    Autorzy:
    Jędrzejewski, Julian
    Hanuszkiewicz-Drapała, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845465.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    ORC
    HTGR
    cogeneration system
    reduction
    CO2
    emission
    Opis:
    The paper presents results of a parametric analysis of a hightemperature nuclear-reactor cogeneration system. The aim was to investigate the power efficiency of the system generating heat for a high-temperature technological process and electricity in a Brayton cycle and additionally in organic Rankine cycles using R236ea and R1234ze as working fluids. The results of the analyses indicate that it is possible to combine a 100 MW high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor with a technological process with the demand for heat ranging from 5 to 25 MW, where the required temperature of the process heat carrier is at the level of 650◦C. Calculations were performed for various pressures of R236ea at the turbine inlet. The cogeneration system maximum power efficiency in the analysed cases ranges from ~35.5% to ~45.7% and the maximum share of the organic Rankine cycle systems in electric power totals from ~26.9% to ~30.8%. If such a system is used to produce electricity instead of conventional plants, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by about 216.03–147.42 kt/year depending on the demand for process heat, including the reduction achieved in the organic Rankine cycle systems by about 58.01–45.39 kt/year (in Poland).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 2; 71-87
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena ekonomiczna nadkrytycznego bloku węglowego dużej mocy zintegrowanego w różnych konfiguracjach z CCS oraz z odzyskiem ciepła ze spalin
    An economic analysis of a high capacity coal-fired power unit for supercritical steam parameters integrated in different configurations with the carbon capture system (CCS) and with heat recovery from the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) exhaust gases
    Autorzy:
    Kochaniewicz, A.
    Łukowicz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172847.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    nadkrytyczny blok węglowy
    CCS
    ORC
    odzysk ciepła
    ocena ekonomiczna
    supercritical power plant
    heat recovery
    economic assessment
    Opis:
    W pracy dokonano analizy wskaźników opłacalności ekonomicznej budowy bloków węglowych o parametrach nadkrytycznych opalanych węglem kamiennym i brunatnym. Przeanalizowano trzy warianty konfiguracji bloku, tj.: blok wyjściowy, blok wyjściowy+CCS i blok wyjściowy+ CCS+ORC.W analizie ekonomicznej wykorzystano tzw. próg rentowności BEP (break even point), bazującego na określeniu punktu wyrównania, określającego sytuację w której przychody ze sprzedaży energii elektrycznej pokrywają koszty stałe i koszty zmienne instalacji. Dokonano oceny wpływu zmiany wybranych parametrów takich jak: jednostkowe nakłady inwestycyjne, cena zakupu uprawnień do emisji CO2, a także wpływu ceny paliwa. Dla tych wszystkich uzmiennionych parametrów określono wpływ ich zmian na graniczną cenę sprzedaży energii elektrycznej. Analizie poddano samodzielny oraz po jego zintegrowaniu z CCS (carbon dioxide capture and storage) wysokosprawny nadkrytyczny blok węglowy o mocy 900 MW. Analizowano także wpływ integracji bloku energetycznego z siłownią ORC (organic Rankine cycle) i podjęto próbę określenia jego efektywności ekonomicznej, przy czym przyjęto, że obieg ORC zasilany jest ciepłem odpadowym ze spalin wylotowych z kotła.
    This paper presents the analysis of the indices of the economic profitability of the construction of brown- and hard coal-fired power plants for supercritical steam parameters. Three variants of the power plant configuration are analysed within this study: the initial power plant, the initial power plant + CCS, the initial power plant + CCS + ORC. The economic analysis employs the break-even point (BEP), which is based on the determination of the point of balance between the income from the sale of electricity and the plant fixed and variable costs. The impact of change in selected parameters, such as investment expenditures per unit, the price of the CO2 emissions allowances and the price of fuel, is analysed. The effect of changes in all these variable parameters on the minimum selling price of electricity is determined. The analysis concerns a high efficiency 900 MW coal-fired power unit for supercritical steam parameters as the initial plant and its variant after integration with the CCS. The impact of a further integration of the power unit with an ORC plant is analysed and an attempt is made to determine the economic efficiency of such integration. It is assumed that the ORC is fed with the waste heat from the boiler exhaust gases.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Energetyki; 2013, 43, 1/2; 157-169
    0066-684X
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Energetyki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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