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    Tytuł:
    Biomechanical and fluid flowing characteristics of intervertebral disc of lumbar spine predicted by poroelastic finite element method
    Autorzy:
    Guo, L.-X
    Li, R.
    Zhang, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307246.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    kręgosłup lędźwiowy
    poroelastyczność
    FEM
    lumbar spine
    poroelastic finite element model
    intermittent compressive load
    permeability of cartilage endplate
    Opis:
    Purpose: This study is to reveal the deformation of intervertebral disc (IVD), the stress distribution of solid phase and liquid phase, the variation of fluid flux and flow velocity in lumbar spine and the influence of different permeability parameters on them under intermittent compressive loading. Methods: A poroelastic FEM of L4-L5 is assigned with different permeability parameters to analyze the deformation, stress distribution and fluid convection under intermittent compressive loads. Results: The results show that the pore pressure of IVD decreases with time, but the effective stress increases under intermittent compressive loads. The axial and radial strain will increase and fluid loss will recover at a more rapid rate if the permeability of endplate increases during unloading period. The velocity vectors show that most of the liquid in the disc flows into vertebrae through endplates and only a small quantity of liquid flows through the annulus fibrosus at the loading step, however, at the unloading step, almost all the liquid flowing into IVD is through the endplates. Conclusions: The changing rate of pore pressure and effective stresses of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus with higher permeability is smaller than that with smaller permeability. The degenerated endplate (with low permeability) yields high flow velocity decreasing gradient, which might impede liquid inflowing/outflowing smoothly through the endplates. The fluid flowing velocity in loading phase is faster than that in unloading phase, so a short resting time can relieve fatigue, but could not recover to the original liquid condition in IVDs.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 2; 19-29
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Utilization of cement and other additives for solidification/stabilization of soil contaminated simultaneously with Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions
    Autorzy:
    Xi, Y.
    Wang, H.
    Guo, L.
    Zhang, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208172.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    cement
    soil pollution
    X-ray diffraction
    dyfrakcja rentgenowska
    zanieczyszczenie gleby
    Opis:
    Various additives, including cement, quicklime, fly ash, montmorillonite, sepiolite and their proportions were employed to stabilize/solidify artificially prepared soils contaminated simultaneously with two kinds of ions such as Cd2+ and Pb2+. The unconfined compressive strength of the stabilized soils was measured to estimate the possibility of recycling. The efficiency of Cd2+ and Pb2+ immobilization in contaminated soils was also evaluated using the US EPA TCLP toxicity test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the immobilization of heavy metals. The experimental results demonstrate that in terms of soils simultaneously polluted with Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions, the curing effect of fly ash is better than that of montmorillonite and sepiolite. When Cd2+ and Pb2+ coexist in soil specimens, the curing is more difficult than for Cd2+ or Pb2+ alone, which is antagonistic mechanism. Also, the leaching concentration of Cd2+ and Pb2+ gradually decreases upon increasing pH when pH < 8. For pH ≥ 8, the leaching concentration of Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached a minimum. Besides, the results of XRD and SEM are in agreement with those of the strength and leaching tests.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 1; 61-73
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of controlled dispersion on rheology of swelling clay suspensions in the presence of coal flotation reagents
    Autorzy:
    Zhang, M.
    Cao, Y.
    Chen, Y.
    Yu, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110619.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    swelling clay
    rheological properties
    controlled dispersion
    flotation reagents
    Opis:
    Swelling clay minerals, which are innately capable of dispersing into thin flakes in water, can significantly depress coal flotation. Some researchers partially attribute depression to pulp viscosity increments. This study sought to understand the role of swelling clay minerals in fine coal flotation, by investigating the rheological behavior of bentonite suspensions under controlled and uncontrolled dispersion conditions. The effect of collector, frother, and solution pH on rheological properties of the pulp was studied. Findings showed that at a natural pH, Newtonian flow properties were displayed when bentonite was directly added into a swelling suppressed solution containing calcium ions. The same process was repeated under uncontrolled conditions, and the suspensions transferred from Newtonian to non-Newtonian flows with pseudo-plastic characteristics, depending on the solid density. Further, pH value, methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) and kerosene had the potential to alter the rheological behavior of controlled and uncontrolled systems, especially pH value in the uncontrolled system.
    Źródło:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 1148-1160
    1643-1049
    2084-4735
    Pojawia się w:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Research on a square Cassegrain-type solar concentrating reflector with a double pyramid
    Autorzy:
    Zhang, Y.
    Yang, H.
    Jiang, P.
    Mao, S.
    Yu, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174264.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    concentrating reflector
    double pyramidal
    ray tracing
    Opis:
    A structure of a solar concentrating reflector is designed in this paper to improve the usage of solar energy. For the dark image which is the result of the secondary mirror in the new type of the Cassegrain solar concentrating system, a double pyramid system is used to improve this phenomenon. By eliminating the dark image, the system enhanced the concentration ratio and the working efficiency. Meanwhile, both the primary and secondary mirrors are shaped into a square section in order to get a better match with a square photovoltaic receiver. While the length of the primary mirror is 89m and the block ratio is 20%, the concentration ratio is equal to 118.86.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 3; 461-471
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Image compression-encryption algorithm combining compressive sensing with log operation
    Autorzy:
    Chen, R.-L.
    Zhou, Y.
    Luo, M.
    Zhang, A.-D.
    Gong, L.-H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174009.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    image encryption
    image compression
    compressive sensing
    log operation
    Opis:
    Based on compressive sensing and log operation, a new image compression-encryption algorithm is proposed, which accomplishes encryption and compression simultaneously. The proposed image compression-encryption algorithm takes advantage of not only the physical realizability of partial Hadamard matrix, but also the resistance of the chosen-plaintext attack since all the elements in the partial Hadamard matrix are 1, –1 or log 1 = 0. The proposed algorithm is sensitive to the key and it can resist various common attacks. The simulation results verify the validity and reliability of the proposed image compression-encryption algorithm.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 4; 563-573
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polarization properties of Gaussian–Schell model quantization field in a turbulent marine-atmosphere
    Autorzy:
    Zhao, Y.
    Xia, M.
    Wang, Q.
    Li, Y.
    Hu, Z.
    Sun, H.
    Zhang, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173639.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    polarization fluctuation
    Gaussian–Schell model
    marine-atmosphere
    Kolmogorov turbulence
    Opis:
    Polarization properties of Gaussian–Schell model quantization field propagating through the Kolmogorov turbulence of a marine-atmosphere channel are studied based on the degree of quantum polarization. The effective photon annihilation and creation operators of Gaussian–Schell model quantization field propagation in a marine-atmosphere are developed by making use of the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral of quantum field. The effects of the outer scale on the degree of polarization can be neglected. As the source transverse coherent width, the number of received photons, the inner scale of turbulent eddies, and the source transverse radius decrease or the re- fractive index structure parameter increases, the degree of polarization decreases. In theory, we find that the polarization fade of marine-atmosphere turbulence channels is larger than that of terrene-atmosphere turbulence channels under same transport parameters and the channel with a stronger turbulence strength will possess a larger detection area of a polarization signal, which have potentially important implications for free-space quantum key distribution.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 3; 335-345
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Role of dissolved mineral species in quartz flotation and siderite solubility simulation
    Autorzy:
    Luo, X.
    Wang, Y.
    Ma, M.
    Song, S.
    Zhang, Y.
    Deng, J.
    Liu, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109459.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    quartz
    solubility
    siderite
    calcium ion
    temperature
    flotation
    Opis:
    Quartz is, in most cases, the major gangue mineral found in the iron ores. Although it can be activated by calcium at strong alkaline pH, quartz nevertheless, reports to the concentrate with Fe when the iron ores contain siderite. It causes a poor concentrate grade and separation between quartz and iron minerals. The effect of siderite on reverse anionic flotation of quartz from hematite was studied in our previous investigations. In this work, the effect of siderite dissolution on the quartz recovery in the froth product and the effect of pH, ions and temperature on siderite dissolution were investigated. Microflotation, PHREEQC simulation, solution chemistry calculation and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements were conducted. It was observed that the dissolved species of siderite exhibited negative impact on quartz flotation. This influence became weak to some extent by either stripping the dissolved species or shortening dissolution time. Siderite was easily dissolved in the presence of calcium ion under strong alkaline conditions and its solubility increased with increasing the calcium ion concentrate and temperature. When the calcium ion was added as an activator of quartz under strong alkaline conditions (pH>9.96), calcium existed mainly in the CaCO3 precipitation form according to the solubility rule in the presence of siderite. This form could adsorb onto quartz surfaces and further the chemical reaction between starch and quartz was monitored by FTIR measurements. This study provides a further supplement for previous study. A potential strategy is suggested that finding a collector used at low temperature or flotation under neutral (or weak alkaline) medium is helpful to the reverse flotation of iron ores containing siderite.
    Źródło:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 1241-1254
    1643-1049
    2084-4735
    Pojawia się w:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dark and singular optical solitons with competing nonlocal nonlinearities
    Autorzy:
    Zhou, Q.
    Liu, L.
    Zhang, H.
    Mirzazadeh, M.
    Bhrawy, A. H.
    Zerrad, E.
    Moshokoa, S.
    Biswas, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949415.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    solitons
    parabolic law nonlinearity
    competing nonlinearities
    Opis:
    In this work, we study the dynamics of optical solitons in a synthetic nonlocal nonlinear media. The nonlinear dynamical model which describes the propagation of optical solitons in the weakly nonlocal nonlinear media with parabolic law nonlinearity is investigated analytically. The tool of integration that is the Riccati equation mapping approach is introduced to extract exact traveling wave solutions. As a result, an explicit dark soliton, singular soliton and periodic solutions are derived.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 1; 79-86
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kinetics of photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac using N, S co-doped TiO2 nano-crystallite decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays photoelectrode
    Autorzy:
    Cui, Y.
    Deng, X.
    Ma, Q.
    Zhang, H.
    Cheng, X.
    Li, X.
    Xie, M.
    Cheng, Q.
    Li, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207955.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    effluents
    nanotubes
    sodium sulfate
    sulfur compounds
    yarn
    photoelectrocatalytic degradation
    ścieki
    nanorurki
    siarczan sodu
    związki siarki
    przędza
    Opis:
    As a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, was commonly used as analgesic, antiarthritic and antirheumatic, and has frequently been detected in municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) effluents and demonstrated to be potentially environmental risk on human beings. In the present study, N, S co-doped TiO2 nano-crystallites decorated TiO2 nano-tube arrays (N, S-TiO2 NCs/TiO2 NTAs) photoelectrode was used to degrade diclofenac containing wastewater. In addition, the effects of some critical parameters including initial pH, external positive potential, sodium sulfate concentration and initial diclofenac concentration on the photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation of diclofenac containing wastewater and dynamic characteristics were investigated systematically. Results showed that N, S-TiO2 NCs/TiO2 NTAs photoelectrode exhibited high PEC efficiency for the degradation of diclofenac, in which the PEC processes fitted well with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) model. Furthermore, external additional anions such as Cl–, ClO– and NO3 – played an important role in inhibiting the degradation of diclofenac. Also, the N, S-TiO2 NCs/TiO2 NTAs photoelectrode possessed good stability for consecutive applications for degradation of diclofenac, which could potentially be utilized in wastewater treatment.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 2; 117-130
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reverse flotation of collophanite at natural pH using isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate as a collector
    Autorzy:
    Li, Hongqiang
    Zhang, Wen
    Chen, Qian
    Huang, Peng
    Kasomo, Richard M.
    Zou, Ze
    Weng, Xiaoqing
    He, Dongsheng
    Yang, Siyuan
    Song, Shaoxian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1445877.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    reverse flotation
    dolomite
    fluorapatite
    AEP
    selective adsorption
    Opis:
    Reverse flotation of collophanite at natural pH could significantly decrease the cost of pH regulators. In this study, isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate (AEP) was tested as a new surfactant in the reverse flotation of collophanite. Micro-flotation tests were conducted, and the adsorption mechanism of the new collector was analysed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and zeta potential analyses. The results of the flotation tests demonstrated that AEP could enable dolomite to float under natural pH (pH=7.2) and showed profound selectivity towards dolomite as opposed to fluorapatite. Based on the zeta potential and XPS results, the adsorption phenomena are mainly attributed to calcium active sites on both mineral surfaces. Dolomite possesses more magnesium active sites than fluorapatite, which tend to reinforce the interaction effect between AEP and dolomite. Furthermore, when compared to CO32- ions on the dolomite surface, PO43- ions on the fluorapatite surface tend to exhibit a stronger hindrance to the adsorption of AEP on the fluorapatite surface. This is attributed to their larger volumes and more charges on their surfaces, thereby causing a floatability difference between the two minerals.
    Źródło:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2021, 57, 4; 78-86
    1643-1049
    2084-4735
    Pojawia się w:
    Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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