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Tytuł:
Application of ultrafast gas chromatography to recognize odor nuisance
Autorzy:
Gȩbicki, J.
Dymerski, T.
Namieśnik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
chromatography
principal component analysis
atmospheric air
municipal landfill
summer season
chromatografia
analiza głównych składowych
powietrze atmosferyczne
uciążliwość zapachowa
składowisko odpadów komunalnych
sezon letni
Opis:
Potentialities of ultrafast gas chromatography applied to periodical monitoring of odor nuisance originating from a municipal landfill have been examined. The results of investigation on classification of the atmospheric air samples collected in a vicinity of the landfill during winter and summer season have been presented. The investigation was performed using ultrafast gas chromatography of Fast/Flash GC type - HERACLES II by Alpha MOS. Data analysis employed principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant function (LDA) supported with the cross-validation method. About 77% of the atmospheric air samples collected during winter season and ca. 87% of the samples collected during summer season were classified correctly. Based on a classification of the atmospheric air samples around the landfill, it can be observed that the biggest number of correctly classified samples originated from the directions characterized by odor nuisance. It was the NW direction during winter season and NE direction during summer season.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2016, 42, 2; 97-106
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Activated lignin and aminosilane-grafted silica as precursors in hybrid material production
Autorzy:
Klapiszewski, L.
Szalaty, T. J.
Zdarta, J.
Jesionowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
SiO2/lignin hybrids
silica
lignin
lignin activation
thermal stability
hybrid material
Opis:
Functional inorganic-organic hybrids were synthesized using as a precursor silica with the addition of an appropriate amount of lignin as components. Three types of silica were applied as the support: the commercial silicas Syloid 244 and Aerosil 200, and hydrated silica precipitated in a polar system. The silicon dioxide was initially functionalized with aminosilane to activate the surface, and then the silica-based material was combined with lignin oxidized using hydrogen peroxide. The obtained inorganic-organic hybrids underwent physicochemical and dispersive-morphological analysis, with comparison of the results depending on the composition of the test samples. In addition, particle size distributions were determined and the surface structure of the products assessed by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of functional groups was also determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal analysis of the silica/lignin materials was also performed, as well as the elemental and colorimetric analyses, which indirectly confirmed the correctness of the synthesis process. Hybrid materials with the most favorable dispersive and morphological properties were obtained by adding a small amount of biopolymer. The thermogravimetric analysis of the SiO2/lignin hybrids indicated their good thermal stability. With increasing quantity of lignin per 100 parts by weight of silica matrix, progressive deterioration in the thermal stability of the materials was observed.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2016, 52, 1; 459-478
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gait features analysis using artificial neural networks : testing the footwear effect
Autorzy:
Wang, J
Zielińska, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306962.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
sieć neuronowa
chód człowieka
obuwie
EMG
neural network
footwear
gait
Opis:
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to provide the methods for automatic detection of the difference in gait features depending on a footwear. Methods: Artificial neural networks were applied in the study. The gait data were recorded during the walk with different footwear for testing and validation of the proposed method. The gait properties were analyzed considering EMG (electromyography) signals and using two types of artificial neural networks: the learning vector quantization (LVQ) classifying network, and the clustering competitive network. Results: Obtained classification and clustering results were discussed. For comparative studies, velocities of the leg joint trajectories, and accelerations were used. The features indicated by neural networks were compared with the conclusions formulated analyzing the above mentioned trajectories for ankle and knee joints. Conclusions: The matching between experimentally recorded joint trajectories and the results given by neural networks was studied. It was indicated what muscles are most influenced by the footwear, the relation between the footwear type and the muscles work was concluded.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 1; 17-32
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza pracy maszyny synchronicznej przy zaburzeniach momentu mechanicznego zależnych od kąta obrotu
Analysis of synchronous machine at load torque perturbations bound up with angle of rotation
Autorzy:
Radzik, M.
Sobczyk, T. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
maszyna synchroniczna
stan ustalony
widmo Fouriera
analiza spektralna
metoda bilansu harmonicznych
Opis:
This paper presents an algorithm for direct determination of steady-state solutions of synchronous machine equations when some perturbations occur in a mechanical load and bound up with angle of rotation. Algorithm allows to determine directly, precisely and clearly the Fourier spectra of machine currents and angular velocity. Exemplary computations are done for a synchronous motor running synchronously and loaded by a mechanical torque with a periodic ac component.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały; 2012, 66, 32; 24-29
1733-0718
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of a weak ion beam treatment of emission layer on the top emission polymer light-emitting diode
Autorzy:
Gong, T
Gwag, J S
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
organic light emitting diode
light-emitting polymer
top emission
optical device
ion beam
surface treatment
Opis:
This study examined the influence of a weakly treated emission layer on ion beam processing for the performance of top emission polymer light-emitting diodes with an invert structure (top ITO as the anode). The emission layer used in this experiment was a polymer type SY, Livilux PDY-132 provided by Merck & Co. The surface of the emission layer was modified by a low energy ion beam treatment to obtain hydrophilic functional groups and improve the wettability. As a hole transfer layer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS, CLEVIOS AI 4083, Heraeus) was spin-coated on the ion beam treated emission layer and showed good adhesion properties. Consequently, through such an ion beam treatment that promotes the interface properties of these two layers, a uniform light emitting area was obtained and the light intensity in a top emission polymer light-emitting diode was improved.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2014, 44, 4; 567-574
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationship between the mineral content of human trabecular bone and selected parameters determined from fatigue test at stepwise-increasing amplitude
Autorzy:
Mazurkiewicz, A. J.
Topoliński, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
gęstość mineralna kości
kość beleczkowa
test wytrzymałości
bone mineral density
trabecular bone
fatigue test
stepwise load
ash density
Opis:
Purpose: The study aimed to investigate a relationship between the mineral content of the human trabecular bone and parameters determined from compression fatigue tests at stepwiseincreasing amplitude. Methods: Mineral content of the trabecular bone was estimated as ash density and bone mineral density values. The relationship between the ash density, bone mineral density and factors obtained from fatigue test: fatigue life, cumulative elastic energy and cumulative energy of dissipation was determined. Results: The results from the measurements of ash density and bone mineral density show good correlation with the fatigue test results. The relationship was estimated based on the correlation coefficient R within 0.74-0.79 for the particular pairs of factors. Conclusions: The study shows that the ash density and the bone mineral density are good predictors to estimate the fatigue life of trabecular bone. The study also validates the applicability of the tests at stepwise-increasing amplitude in determining the mechanical properties of trabecular bone.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 3; 19-26
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Immobilization of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) peel as a sorbent for Basic Fuchsin removal
Autorzy:
Lee, H.-J.
Ong, S.-T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
fuchsin
Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry
FTIR
Nephelium lappaceum
fuksyna
spektroskopia w podczerwieni z transformatą Fouriera
Opis:
The potential of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) peel as a low-cost adsorbent in an immobilized condition to remove Basic Fuchsin from aqueous solution was studied. The effect of initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage for the dye removal was studied at room temperature (26±2 °C). Infrared spectrum of rambutan peel indicates the presence of C–O, –OH and C=C functional groups. The adsorption rate was found to be high at the first 30 min and the process reached equilibrium after 3 h with more than 80% of dye being removed. The uptake of Basic Fuchsin was more promising at pH slightly above 7. The study of sorption model and kinetic model showed that the adsorption of Basic Fuchsin on rambutan peel conformed to the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient, R,sup>2 > 0.98. This indicates the Basic Fuchsin adsorbs chemically on the heterogeneous surface of rambutan peel. The maximum adsorption capacity determined from the Langmuir isotherm was 108.696 mg/g. It seems that rambutan peel has the potential to substitute activated carbon as an alternative low-cost adsorbent in the treatment of the dye effluent.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 1; 169-181
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrodynamic body shape analysis and their impact on swimming performance
Autorzy:
Li, T-Z.
Zhan, J.-M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306315.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
pływanie
biomechanika
metoda VOF
symulacja numeryczna
swimming
biomechanics
swimmer's body shape
VOF method
numerical simulation
Opis:
This study presents the hydrodynamic characteristics of different adult male swimmer's body shape using computational fluid dynamics method. This simulation strategy is carried out by CFD fluent code with solving the 3D incompressible Navier–Stokes equations using the RNG k-ε turbulence closure. The water free surface is captured by the volume of fluid (VOF) method. A set of full body models, which is based on the anthropometrical characteristics of the most common male swimmers, is created by Computer Aided Industrial Design (CAID) software, Rhinoceros. The analysis of CFD results revealed that swimmer’s body shape has a noticeable effect on the hydrodynamics performances. This explains why male swimmer with an inverted triangle body shape has good hydrodynamic characteristics for competitive swimming.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 4; 3-11
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effects of training status and muscle action on muscle activation of the vastus lateralis
Autorzy:
Trevino, M. A.
Herda, T. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307528.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
elektromiografia
aktywność mięśni
bioinżynieria
electromyography
isometric trapezoidal muscle action
log-transform method
motor unit control
vastus laterali
Opis:
This study examined the electromyographic amplitude–force relationships for 5 (age = 19.20 ± 0.45 yrs) aerobically-trained, 5 (age = 25 ± 4.53 yrs) resistance-trained, and 5 (age = 21.20 ± 2.17 yrs) sedentary individuals. Participants performed an isometric trapezoidal muscle action at 60% maximal voluntary contraction of the leg extensors that included linearly increasing, steady force, and linearly decreasing muscle actions. Electromyography was recorded from the vastus lateralis. The b (slopes) and a (y-intercepts) terms were calculated from the natural log-transformed electromyographic amplitude–force relationships (linearly increasing and decreasing segments) for each participant. An average of the electromyographic amplitude was calculated for the entire steady force segment. The b terms for the resistance-trained (1.384 ± 0.261) were greater than the aerobically-trained (0.886 ± 0.130, P = 0.003) and sedentary (0.955 ± 0.105, P = 0.008) participants during the linearly increasing segment, whereas, there were no differences in b terms among training statuses for the linearly decreasing segment. The b terms for the resistance-trained were greater (P = 0.019) during the linearly increasing segment than decreasing segment (1.186 ± 0.181), however, the b terms for the aerobically-trained were lower (P = 0.017) during the linearly increasing than decreasing segment (1.054 ± 0.176). The a terms from the log-transformed electromyographic amplitude–force relationships and electromyographic amplitude during the steady force segment were not different among training statuses (P = 0.187, P = 0.910). The linearity of the electromyographic amplitude patterns of response (b terms) recording during increasing and decreasing muscle actions may provide insight on motor unit control strategy differences as a result of exercise training status and muscle action, however, the a terms of these patterns and electromyographic amplitude during a steady force contraction did not distinguish among training statuses.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 4; 107-114
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Species formed on iron surface during removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions
Autorzy:
Suponik, T.
Winiarski, A.
Szade, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
water
zero-valent iron
copper
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
diffraction
Opis:
The subject of the research covered in this paper is the removal of copper (Cu2+) cations from water at low pH (initial values of pH 3 and 6) by means of zero-valent iron. The chemical states and atomic concentrations of solids formed on the surface of zero-valent iron, and the type of deposited polycrystalline substances have been analyzed with the use of XPS and XRD. The type of process causing the copper removal from water at low pH, corresponding to the effect of acid mine drainage, has been identified by analyzing the changes of physicochemical parameters and specified chemicals content in water. Cu2+ was removed from water for the initial pH of 6 was much more effective than at lower pH. The formation of CuxFe3-xO4 , where x≤1, and to a lesser degree Cu2O, Cu0 and/or CuO and/or Cu2S, were the basic processes of the removal of copper at almost neutral pH of water (pH about 6), while the formation of copper in metallic form and Cu2O, as well as probably CuO, were the basic processes for lower pH (pH about 3). The adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of shell covering square-shaped cold-rolled steel sheet cell was an additional process causing the removal of copper from water at almost neutral pH.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2015, 51, 2; 731-743
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Probabilistic characteristics supporting the management of a production-supply system
Autorzy:
Galanc, T.
Kołwzan, W.
Pieronek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
production-supply system
model of a system
system characteristics
Opis:
The construction of a model and quantitative measures have been presented aimed at improving the efficiency of a production-supply system described by a three-dimensional stochastic process. For this purpose, the laws governing the functioning of the system have been described, corresponding to the three different states of the stock level in the subsystem M. These laws generate the quantitative model of the examined system, which enables the construction of the proposed quantitative measures supporting the managing process of such a system.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2017, 27, 3; 51-63
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of normal logical form in decision - making and knowledge management
Autorzy:
Galanc, T.
Kołwzan, W.
Pieronek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
normal form
knowledge
management
logic
pragmatism
decision making
Opis:
The normal form in logic has been considered. Any propositional function, i.e. any finite logical expression can be written in such a form. This indicates the possibility of an unequivocal logical representation of many different objects investigated in science and everyday life. The properties of the normal form give a new dimension to the management of processes examined in science. Understanding of the laws of logic and its calculus allows us to obtain this form in a finite number of logical transformations. In addition, this form indicates the cognitive essence and pragmatic dimension of logic. The paper considers axiomatization, and then optimization. Both of these formulations of logic reflect its essence. Shannon’s theorem gives us only a modest signpost that reality has a complex nature, which is confirmed by the richness of logic in the form of its equivalent propositional functions. Knowledge about the behavior of these structures is ambiguous in terms of the complexity of the corresponding logical expressions, that is, two different or identical logical functions may be related to identical (similar) or quite different behaviors in relation to the processes or objects represented by these functions.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2014, 24, 2; 35-58
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kompensacja uogólnionej mocy biernej
Compensation of generalized reactive power
Autorzy:
Nowak, J.
Bajorek, J.
Gaworska-Koniarek, D.
Janta, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1812163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
moc bierna
prąd niesinusoidalny
kompensacja mocy biernej
Opis:
Generalized reactive power is determined by the surface of the loop formed by the current-voltage characteristics of object. It is an additive quantity and depends only on the reactance parameters and is always equal to zero if the electricity is completely dissipated in the object. Its value is the basis for determining the parameters of the system to allow the desired improvement in power coefficient. The paper presents evidence that, if generalized reactive power is compensated to zero, then at a constant voltage, rms current drawn by the object reaches minimum, and power factor - the greatest value in working conditions of the object.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały; 2012, 66, 32; 370-377
1733-0718
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Maszyn, Napędów i Pomiarów Elektrycznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Studia i Materiały
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of odor of volatile organic compounds using classical sensory analysis and electronic nose technique
Autorzy:
Gębicki, J.
Dymerski, T.
Rutkowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
volatile organic compounds
odor
electronic nose
odour intensity
sensory analysis
lotne związki organiczne
zapach
elektroniczny nos
intensywność zapachu
analiza sensoryczna
Opis:
To methods of analysis of odor of volatile organic compounds have been compared: classical sensory analysis and electronic nose technique. Eight volunteers participated in two-week classical sensory tests. The instrumental odor analysis involved a prototype of 6-sensor electronic nose designed by the authors. This device provided higher reproducibility and reliability of the results as compared to the ones obtained via the sensory analysis. Three compounds of specific odor and differing in chemical structure were utilized in the studies: 1-propanol, benzaldehyde and 2,3-butanedione. Aqueous solutions of the compounds and their mixtures were prepared at three concentration levels: 50 ppb, 1 ppm, 50 ppm v/v. The electronic nose technique, unlike the classical sensory analysis, made it possible to differentiate between particular solutions below the level of odor perceptibility and also allowed differentiation between the solutions of similar odor intensity reported by the volunteers.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 1; 103-116
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hemodynamic impacts of left coronary stenosis : a patient-specific analysis
Autorzy:
Chaichana, T.
Sun, Z.
Jewkes, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
coronary artery disease
computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
wall shear stress
tętnica wieńcowa
dynamika cieczy
naprężenie
Opis:
This study analyses the hemodynamic variations surrounding stenoses located at the left coronary bifurcation, and their influence on the wall shear stress (WSS) in realistic coronary geometries. Four patients with suspected coronary artery disease were chosen, and coronary models were reconstructed based on high-resolution CT data. The coronary stenoses were observed at the left circumflex and left anterior descending branches, resulting in a lumen narrowing of >50%. Flow analysis was performed using computational fluid dynamics, to simulate the cardiac flow conditions of the realistic individual patient geometry. Blood flow and WSS changes in the left coronary artery were calculated throughout the entire cardiac phases. Our results revealed that the recirculation regions were found at the poststenotic locations. WSS was found to increase at the stenotic positions in all four patients. There is a strong correlation between coronary stenosis and the hemodynamic changes, which are reflected in blood flow pattern and WSS, based on the realistic left coronary geometries.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2013, 15, 3; 107-111
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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