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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 56
Tytuł:
Photocatalytic efficiencies of alternate heterogeneous catalysts: Iron modified minerals and semiconductors for removal of an azo dye from solutions
Autorzy:
Yatmaz, H. C.
Sen, U. D. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208158.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
heterogeneous photocatalysis
Fenton process
textile industries
fotokataliza heterogeniczna
proces Fentona
przemysł tekstylny
Opis:
Photocatalytic degradation of reactive dye solutions have been compared using two types of heterogeneous catalysts, i.e., semiconductors and iron modified clays. Decolorization and mineralization efficiencies of the catalysts were performed in a slurry batch reactor with UVA and UVC (365 and 254 nm, respectively) light sources using reactive azo dye solutions. Two natural minerals (zeolites and beidellites) modified with Fe3+, Fe2+and semiconductors (TiO2-P25 and ZnO) were used as photocatalysts. Iron modified minerals produced similar results compared to homogeneous photo-Fenton reactions under UVC radiation. Fe2+-beidellite and Fe3+-zeolite showed the best efficiency for dye removal with 98.5% at 75 min and 96.3% at 90 min, respectively, which is higher than the other iron modified minerals under UVA radiation. ZnO and TiO2 exhibited initial dye removal rates under UVA as 98.9% and 95.5% at 45 min, respectively. Mineralization efficiencies for TiO2, ZnO and Fe2+-beidellite, Fe3+ -zeolite under UVA were 86.2%, 74.5% and 76.9%, 67.8%, respectively. However mineral catalysts performed 99% dye removal rates within 15 min with respect to semiconductor catalyst values (over 97% within 45min) under UVC radiation. Mineral catalysts and TiO2 provided higher initial TOC removal rates as 92% in 60 min under UVC radiation.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 1; 5-17
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Key factors contributing to simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in a biological aerated filter system using oyster shell medium
Autorzy:
Hwang, C.-C.
Weng, C.-H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
waste water
dissolved oxygen
oxidation
reactors
anammox
COD
nitryfikacja
ścieki
utlenianie
filtry biologicznie aktywne
CHZt
Opis:
Factors contributing to nitrogen removal in a biological aerated filter (BAF) using oyster shell medium have been investigated. The system was operated in parallel with a bio-ball filter. Both filters were fed with a synthetic domestic wastewater containing approximately 25 mg N/dm3 of total nitrogen (TN). The COD of wastewater was 200 mg O2/dm3. The sizes and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the voids within both filters were measured. Results indicated that the oyster shell system performed better with a nitrogen removal of 64.3%. The two systems exhibited a similar COD removal efficiency of approximated 80%. The oyster shell filter showed higher degree of variability in both sizes and DO levels of its void spaces. The condition provided a favorable environment for nitrogen removal through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). The release of carbonates from oyster shells were minimal, as judged from mass balance analysis of the system using calcium. It is concluded that the function of a SND reactor can be enhanced by using non-uniform filter media such as oyster shells. On the other hand, alkalinity is not a major concern when treating wastewaters with moderate ammonia concentration, such as that of domestic wastewaters.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 1; 75-86
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fraction of heavy metals in sludges from typical coking wastewater treatment plants by modified BCR sequential extraction procedure
Autorzy:
Diao, C. P.
Wei, C. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
absorption spectroscopy
biological water treatment
BRC
heavy metals
spektroskopia absorpcyjna
biologiczne oczyszczanie wody
metale ciężkie
Opis:
Fractions of 8 heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Hg, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and As) in sludges from two typical coking wastewater treatment plants were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) using the modified the European Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure as the pretreatment technology. The sludges from biological, coagulation deposition units and the discharged sludges of two plants were sampled and the exchangeable, reducible, oxidable, residual fraction and the total content were determined. The oxidable or residual fraction was the predominant fraction in various sludges and on the contrary that the values of the exchangeable and reducible fractions were much lower. Poor biological availability and low potential environment risk of heavy metals was found in sludges from typical coking wastewater treatment plants. Further results of cluster analysis conducted by SPSS that the units with similar conditions could be classed together identified that the unit condition was one key factor affecting on the fraction of heavy metals in sludges.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 4; 191-207
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of zeta potential on the sedimentation behavior of natural stone processing effluent
Autorzy:
Kurama, H.
Karaguzel, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
travertine
environment
stone industry
zeta potential
Opis:
One of the main problems for the natural stone industry is treatment of huge amount of waste sludge resulting from the cutting and polishing of them to produce slabs or tiles. The effective treatment of this sludge is very important for reducing of the sludge volume and overall operating costs. Previous studies showed that settling rate and water clarity of the supernatant solution can be increased by flocculation process. In this study, detailed electrokinetic studies were performed on the travertine samples received as natural and slurry form. The natural form of the sample was supplied from a travertine quarry while the slurry was taken from the cutting and polishing process wastewater collector pool of the processing plant. The electrokinetic measurements were conducted to find out the effect of suspension pH and the solid content on the surface potential of solid particles show that zeta potential (ζ) of travertine is positive at pH 9.76 over the all solid contents studied in this work. However, ζ of the particles become negative at lower pH values for 1% solid weight content. In contrast, for travertine slurry (6.73% solid weight), different potential variations were determined. The particles were negatively charged between pH 6 and 8. The results highlighted the effect of dissolved specific ions in the waste slurry and sensitivity of ζ to the ionic strength of the solution. The ζ measurements for a raw travertine sample, performed with different amounts of NaCl additions into the solutions, confirmed the above findings. An addition of low amounts of NaCl decreases ζ of the solid surface. Finally, the ζ measurements in the presence of polymer concentration of 0.001% to 0.1 % (wt/vol) clearly indicated that the flocculant molecules are adsorbed extensively on the travertine particles, and increase the surface potential of the particles with increasing reagent concentration.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2013, 49, 2; 575-586
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Propagation in dielectric rectangular waveguides
Autorzy:
Yeap, K. H.
Teh, K. H.
Yeong, K. C.
Lai, K. C.
Loh, M. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dielectric rectangular waveguide
transverse wave numbers
attenuation coefficient
surface impedance
propagation constant
fundamental mode
Opis:
We present a fundamental and accurate approach to compute the attenuation of electromagnetic waves propagating in dielectric rectangular waveguides. The transverse wave numbers are first obtained as roots of a set of transcendental equations developed by matching the fields with the surface impedance of the wall. The propagation constant is found by substituting the values of transverse wave numbers into the dispersion relation. We have examined the validity of our model by comparing the computed results with those obtained from Marcatili’s equations and the finite element method. In our results, it is shown that the fundamental mode is identical with that found in a perfectly conducting waveguide. Our analysis also shows that a hollow waveguide is found to have much lower attenuation than its dielectric counterparts. Since the cutoff frequency is usually affected by the constitutive properties of the dielectric medium, for a waveguide designed for wave with the same cutoff frequency, hollow waveguides turn out to be relatively larger in size.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 2; 317-330
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defect modes properties in one-dimensional photonic crystals employing a superconducting nanocomposite material
Autorzy:
Aly, A. H.
Elsayed, H. A.
Malek, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173888.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
photonic crystals
band gap
defect mode
nanocomposite
Opis:
In the present work, we investigate theoretically the transmission characteristics of one-dimensional photonic crystals that contain a defect layer of a nanocomposite material in infrared radiation. The theoretical treatment is obtained depending on the fundamentals of the characteristic matrix method. Here, the nanocomposite designed from nanoparticles of a superconducting material is arranged into a dielectric medium. The numerical results clarify the acute effect of the volume fraction and the operating temperature on the effective permittivity of the nanocomposite material. Therefore, the volume fraction, the operating temperature and other parameters such as the permittivity of the dielectric material and the threshold frequency could have a significant effect on the characteristics of the defect modes. Thus, our structure may be very promising in many applications such as narrow band filters and among optoelectronic applications.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 1; 53-64
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydromagnetic thermal instability of compressible Walters' (Model B') rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles in porous medium
Autorzy:
Rana, G. C.
Jamwal, H. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
lepkosprężyste ciecze Walters B
cząstki zawieszone
ośrodek porowaty
niestabilność termiczna
Walters B' viscoelastic fluid
suspended particles
porous medium
thermal instability
Opis:
In this paper, the thermal instability of compressible Walters’ (Model B′) rotating fluid permeated with suspended particles (fine dust) in porous medium in hydromagnetics is considered. By applying normal mode analysis method, the dispersion relation has been derived and solved analytically. It is observed that the rotation, magnetic field, suspended particles and viscoelasticity introduce oscillatory modes. For stationary convection, Walters’ (Model B′) elastico-viscous fluid behaves like an ordinary Newtonian fluid and it is observed that rotation has stabilizing effect, suspended particles are found to have destabilizing effect on the system, whereas the medium permeability has stabilizing or destabilizing effect on the system under certain conditions. The magnetic field has destabilizing effect in the absence of rotation, whereas in the presence of rotation, magnetic field has stabilizing or destabilizing effect under certain conditions.
Źródło:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica; 2013, 35, 4; 75-88
0137-6365
2083-831X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A novel approach to photonic generation of periodic triangular radio frequency waveforms
Autorzy:
Xiang, P.
Guo, H.
Chen, D.
Zhu, H.
Wu, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
microwave photonics
triangular waveform
polarization modulator (PolM)
microwave photonic filter (MPF)
radio frequency (RF) waveform generation
Opis:
A novel approach to photonic generation of triangular radio frequency waveforms with a tunable repetition rate is proposed and analyzed. In the proposed system, a continuous-wave light is modulated by a reference microwave signal through a polarization modulator, and then its output optical sidebands are manipulated by a microwave photonic filter with a negative tap. By properly adjusting the system parameters, full-duty-cycle triangular radio frequency waveforms can be generated after optical-to-electrical conversion, and its repetition rate (frequency) can be tuned in a wide range. A model describing the proposed system is derived, which is verified via computer simulations.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 381-391
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-objective optimization of dielectric layer photonic crystal filter
Autorzy:
Yang, H.
Huang, C.
Meng, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
filter
photonic crystal
weighting factors method
response surface methodology
RSM
Opis:
The weighting factors method and the response surface methodology are used to achieve multi-objective optimization of a dielectric layer photonic crystal filter. The size of period and the transmission quantity are considered simultaneously and a multi-objective optimization model of filter is established, which takes the size of period and transmission quantity to be minimized in stop-band as objectives. Global approximate expressions of the objective and the constraint functions are found by response surface methodology. Then the weighting factors method is employed to convert the model into a quadratic programming model and the optimal parameters can be obtained using sequence quadratic programming. Examples provide the optimized results in three different weight coefficients. The effect of the weighting factors on the value of the objective function is also discussed. Results show that the present method is precise and efficient for multi-objective optimization of a dielectric layer photonic crystal filter.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 1; 29-40
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Supercontinuum fiber laser source for water quality and heavy metals detection
Autorzy:
Teh, P. C.
Ho, Y. H.
Ong, C. E.
Lee, S. C.
Lo, P. K.
Lai, K. C.
Yeap, K. H.
Loh, S. H.
Teh, P. S.
Tey, K. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
supercontinuum generation
master oscillator power amplifier
nonlinear optics
transmittance measurement
heavy metal contaminants
Opis:
We report a compact, all fiber, 150 ps fiber master oscillator power amplifier operating at 1064 nm that has the ability of producing a maximum average output power of 2.16 W with peak power as high as 10 kW. The output from the master oscillator power amplifier is spliced with a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber, generating a supercontinuum with an average power of 250 mW at repetition rate of 1 MHz and spectrum bandwidth spanning from 600 to 1700 nm. The developed supercontinuum system is used to detect the presence of heavy metal contaminants in water by a simple light transmittance method to ensure that the water is free from heavy metal contaminants and safe for consumption. The supercontinuum laser source was shone onto a water sample with a detector placed at another end in order to measure the transmitted supercontinuum light. By measuring the amount of light attenuated at particular wavelength, the concentration of heavy metal contaminants present in the water sample could be determined.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 3; 445-456
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electromagnetically induced transparency for A-like systems with degenerate autoionizing levels and a broadband coupling laser
Autorzy:
Khoa, D. Q.
Van, C. L.
Lanh, C. V.
Phuc, H. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
electromagnetically induced transparency
autoionizing states
lambda configuration
white noise
Opis:
In our previous paper (DOAN QUOC K. et al., Physica Scripta T147, 2012, article 014008), electromagnetically induced transparency for A-like systems consisting of two lower bound states and a flat continuum coupled to an autoionization state embedded in it has been considered, in which the laser coupling light is modeled by white noise. In this paper, we investigate a similar scheme, where the continuum involved in the problem is replaced by one with so-called the double-A system, when instead of one autoionization state we have two autoionization states of the same energy embedded in the continuum. For such a system containing degenerate autoionization levels we derive a set of coupled stochastic integro-differential equations which can be averaged exactly. This leads to the exact formula determining the stationary solution for the electric susceptibility. Dispersion and absorption spectra for electromagnetically induced transparency are found and compared with those obtained previously by us and other authors.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 1; 93-102
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficient Adoption and Assessment of Multiple Process Improvement Reference Models
Autorzy:
Jeners, S.
Lichter, H.
Rosenkranz, C. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
reference models
semantic integration
IRM integration model
Opis:
A variety of reference models such as CMMI, COBIT or ITIL support IT organizations to improve their processes. These process improvement reference models (IRMs) cover different domains such as IT development, IT Services or IT Governance but also share some similarities. As there are organizations that address multiple domains and need to coordinate their processes in their improvement we present MoSaIC, an approach to support organizations to efficiently adopt and conform to multiple IRMs. Our solution realizes a semantic integration of IRMs based on common meta-models. The resulting IRM integration model enables organizations to efficiently implement and asses multiple IRMs and to benefit from synergy effects.
Źródło:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal; 2013, 7, 1; 15-24
1897-7979
Pojawia się w:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An EWMA control chart for the exponential distribution using repetitive sampling plan
Autorzy:
Azam, M.
Aslam, M.
Jun, C. -H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
control chart
EWMA statistic
exponential distribution
normal distribution
average run length
Opis:
A new EWMA control chart has been proposed under repetitive sampling when a quantitative characteristic follows the exponential distribution. The properties of the proposed chart, including the average run lengths has been is compared with two existing control charts with the help of simulated data. An application of the proposed chart hs been illustrated using a healthcare data set.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2017, 27, 2; 5-19
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A control chart using belief information for a gamma distribution
Autorzy:
Aslam, M.
Khan, N.
Jun, C. -H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
control chart
belief statistic
average run length
gamma distribution
Opis:
The design of a control chart has been presented using a belief estimator by assuming that the quantitative characteristic of interest follows the gamma distribution. The authors present the structure of the proposed chart and derive the average run lengths for in-control and a shifted process. The aver-age run lengths for various specified parameters have been reported. The efficiency of the proposed chart has been compared to existing control charts. The application of the proposed chart is illustrated with the help of simulated data.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2016, 26, 4; 5-19
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Activating flotation of chalcopyrite using CuSO4 and H2O2 from the cyanide tailings
Autorzy:
Ai, G.
Yan, H.
Qiu, T.
Liu, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cyanide tailings
chalcopyrite
CuSO4
H2O2
activation mechanism
Opis:
The effects of CuSO4 and H2O2 on the flotation behavior of cyanide chalcopyrite were investigated by flotation tests, microcalorimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The underlying activation mechanism was studied in the perspective of micro-thermodynamics and surface properties. The flotation results indicated that cyanide chalcopyrite was strongly inhibited by sodium cyanide, with the maximum flotation recovery of 22.5% only. CuSO4 and H2O2 significantly improved the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite, and the flotation recovery was increased to 92.28% and 84.35%, respectively. The micro-thermodynamics results indicated that the adsorption heat of butyl xanthate on cyanide chalcopyrite surface increased after the addition of CuSO4 and H2O2, as well as the reaction order. CuSO4 and H2O2 can significantly improve the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the surface of cyanide chalcopyrite by decreasing the apparent activation energy by 80.11% and 66.54%, respectively. XPS analysis indicated that the CuCN was generated on the surface of cyanide chalcopyrite, leading to the loss of sulfur and inhibiting the adsorption of collectors. As a result, the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite was depressed. It is considered that, CuSO4 and H2O2 can improve the flotation of cyanide chalcopyrite by eleminating CuCN from its surface and increasing the concentration of S by 57.02% and 37.48%, respectively.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 578-589
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 56

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