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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    The probability of traumatic brain injuries based on tissue-level reliability analysis
    Autorzy:
    Hazay, Máté
    Bojtár, Imre
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306651.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    analiza niezawodności
    kryterium urazu głowy
    HIC
    ryzyko obrażeń
    traumatic brain injuries
    finite element simulations
    reliability analysis
    Head Injury Criterion
    injury risk curves
    Opis:
    Motor vehicle crashes are one of the leading causes of traumatic brain injuries. Restraint systems of cars are evaluated by crash tests based on human tolerance data, however, the reliability of data currently used has been questioned several times in the literature due to the neglect of certain types of effects, injury types and uncertainties. Our main goal was to re-evaluate the currently applied risk curve by taking the previously neglected effects into account. Methods: In this paper, the probability of traumatic brain injury was determined by reliability analysis where different types of uncertainties are taken into account. The tissue-level response of the human brain in the case of frontal crashes was calculated by finite element analyses and the injury probability is determined by Monte Carlo simulations. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to identify which effects have considerable contribution to the injury risk. Results: Our results indicate a significantly larger injury risk than it is predicted by current safety standards. Accordingly, a new risk curve was constructed which follows a lognormal distribution with the following parameters: μLN = 6.5445 and LN = 1.1993. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that this difference primarily can be attributed to the rotational effects and tissue-level uncertainties. Conclusions: Results of the tissue-level reliability analysis enhance the belief that rotational effects are the primary cause of brain injuries. Accordingly, the use of a solely translational acceleration based injury metric contains several uncertainties which can lead to relatively high injury probabilities even if relatively small translational effects occur.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2019, 21, 1; 141-152
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical reconstruction of injuries in a real world minivan-to-pedestrian collision
    Autorzy:
    Li, Guibing
    Tan, Zheng
    Lv, Xiaojiang
    Ren, Lihai
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306778.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    wypadek
    rekonstrukcja
    pieszy
    uraz
    pedestrian injury
    minivan-to-pedestrian collision
    accident reconstruction
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of the Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) – pedestrian model in predicting pedestrian injuries, and to investigate pedestrian injury mechanisms in minivan collisions via numerical reconstruction of a real world minivan-to-pedestrian impact case. Methods: A typical minivan-to-pedestrian collision case was selected from the In-depth Investigation of car Accidents in Changsha (IVAC) database. The THUMS middle-size adult male FE model and a minivan front FE model were then employed to represent the case participants and injuries to the pedestrian’s lower limb, thorax and head were reconstructed. Finally, the capability of the THUMS model in predicting pedestrian injuries and pedestrian injury mechanisms in minivan collisions were analyzed through comparisons between predictions and the accident data. Results: The results show that the THUMS has a good capability in predicting pedestrian thorax injuries, but a lower prediction of leg bending moment and brain strain. The extra bull bar concentrates crash load to pedestrian’s leg and raises tibia/fibula fracture risk, thorax injuries in the struck side are mainly from direct contact at the lower chest level, lung injury in the non-struck side could be caused by inertia force from the heart. Rotational acceleration shows good match with brain strain and could be the key mechanism for concussion. Conclusions: The results suggest that further improvement in biofidelity of the THUMS model is still needed. The findings also offer basic understanding on pedestrian injury mechanisms in minivan collisions.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2019, 21, 2; 21-30
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative study of potential whiplash injuries for different occupant seated positionsm during rear end accidents.
    Autorzy:
    Omerovic, S.
    Tomasch, E.
    Gutsche, A. J.
    Prebil, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306862.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    biomechanika
    LS-Dyna
    FEM
    kręgosłup
    biomechanics
    whiplash
    spine
    Opis:
    Purpose: Whiplash injuries to the cervical spine represent a considerable economic burden on society with medical conditions, in some cases persisting for more than a year. Numerous studies of whiplash injuries have been made for occupant normal seated position, leaving the analysis of neck injuries for out-of-normal positions not well documented. For that purpose, a detailed human cervical spine finite element model was developed. Methods:The analysis was made for four most common occupant seated positions, such as: Normal Position with the torso against the seat back and the head looking straight ahead, Torso Lean forward position with the torso away from the seat back for approximately 10°, Head Flexed position with the head flexed forward approximately 20° from the normal position and HeadFlexed with Torso Lean forward position with the head flexed forward approximately 20° and torso 10° from the normal position. Results: The comparative study included the analysis of capsular ligament deformation and the level of S-curvature of the cervical spine. The developed model predicted that Head Flexed seated position and Head-Flexed with Torso Lean forward seated position are most threatening for upper and lower cervical spine capsular ligament respectively. As for the level of S-curvature, the model predicted that Head-Flexed with Torso Lean forward seated position would be most prone to neck injuries associated with it. Conclusions:This study demonstrated that the occupant seated position has a significant influence on potential whiplash injuries.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 4; 145-158
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomechanical properties of alternative suture technique for flexor tendon repair
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejewski, T.
    Czarnecki, P.
    Dąbrowski, M.
    Spławski, R.
    Rogala, P.
    Romanowski, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307209.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    obrażenia ciała
    szew
    wytrzymałość na zerwanie
    flexor injuries
    multistrand running suture
    modified Kessler suture
    suture breaking strength
    Opis:
    Purpose: Flexor injuries are most common in the hand and require special attention and experience from the surgeon. Both quality and technique affect the stability of the suture. The selection of the optimum method will influence the process of rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare three different suture techniques based on the strength, depending on the method of breakage, i.e., axial or pulley load. Methods: The study was divided into six sessions. The research material was dissected deep flexor porcine tendons. Three types of stitches were used: the modified Kessler suture with an additional running suture, the cruciate four-strand suture with an additional running suture and the multistrand running suture. We obtained 120 sutures, 40 for each technique. Breaking strength was assessed using a tensile machine in two ways, i.e., axial or pulley load, with 20 sutures per group. Results: The strongest suture for both axial and pulley load was the cruciate four-strand suture. Between the multistrand running suture and the modified Kessler suture, there was no statistically significant difference in the strength of breaking for both axial and pulley load. Comparing the two ways of breaking, there was no statistically significant difference in the strength of the suture. Conclusions: The multistrand running locking suture is a good alternative to widely used core sutures. It not only provides the same strength as other techniques examined by us but also reduces the procedure time and trauma to the tips of the tendon.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2017, 19, 1; 167-172
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomechanical analysis of injuries of rally driver with head supporting device
    Autorzy:
    Joszko, K.
    Wolański, W.
    Burkacki, W.
    Suchoń, S.
    Zielonka, K.
    Muszyński, A.
    Gzik, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307075.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    system bezpieczeństwa
    crash test
    HANS
    safety systems
    rally driver
    injury assessment of driver
    HANS device
    Opis:
    Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop and verify a model of rally driver with a safety system HANS (head supporting device), which will enable biomechanical analysis of injuries in rally accident. Methods: Simulations were carried out in Madymo® software, the results of which were verified based on sled test performed in the Automotive Industry Institute (PIMOT) in Warsaw. The model being verified allowed us to perform a multivariate simulation of rally accident in terms of assessing effectiveness of protection and usefulness of HANS system. Results: Acceleration waveforms of the head and chest were obtained from numerical experiment and also forces and moments occurring in the upper cervical spine. The results obtained allowed driver injuries to be analyzed based on injury criteria of the head and neck: HIC15, NTE, NTF, NCE and NCF. Conclusions: The analysis enabled assessment of the driver safety while using 4 and 5 point harness with HANS system. In further studies the model developed was used to identify factors affecting the safety of a rally driver.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2016, 18, 4; 159-169
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biomechanical characteristics of the jump down of healthy subjects and patients with knee injuries
    Autorzy:
    Mielińska, A.
    Czamara, A.
    Szuba, Ł.
    Będziński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307066.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    mięśnie
    siła mięśni
    aktywność mięśni
    prędkość
    biomechanika
    vertical ground reaction forces
    muscle power
    muscle activity
    velocity
    acceleration
    mass centre reposition
    Opis:
    Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the drop jump performance of male patients who underwent ACLR and a control group using combined data acquisition system. Methods: A total of 28 male subjects aged 20 to 26 were studied: 22 did not show and were not diagnosed with any knee joint dysfunction (the control group) and six men who underwent ACLR of the left limb (group of patients). The control group was age, height and body mass matched. A data acquisition setup consisting of three independent modules including force platforms, position analysis system and electromyography was used. Subjects were jumping down from 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 m step heights. The acquired signals were used to determine the ground reaction force, muscular activity, mass centre position, velocity and acceleration. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the groups (t-test, p < 0.05) in the maximum vertical ground reaction force in the left limb for 0.2 and 0.3 m step heights. Differences in the muscle activity between the groups were found to be statistically significant (t-test, p < 0.05) before the jump, during the landing phase, and after the jump for selected muscle groups and step heights. Conclusion: Combing the three independent measurement systems provided new information on drop jump biomechanics. The distribution of loads in different muscles was not uniform across the groups. Patients allocated more energy to control their motion and seemed to protect their operated limb by shifting the bodyweight to the healthy limb.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 2; 111-120
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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