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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    An Analysis of Sports Career Development in the 400-metre Dash
    Autorzy:
    Pietrzak, Michał
    Iskra, Janusz
    Dziadek, Bartosz
    Gwiazdoń, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159494.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
    Tematy:
    400m
    ontogenesis
    sports career development
    Opis:
    One of the indicators of an optimally conducted training process is the athlete's achievement of sports success in all age categories. The analysis of sports career development is helpful in determining the periods of maximizing and maintaining sports results, but also in choosing the development path leading to the achievement of top-level results at the senior age. The aim of the study was to assess the development of sports championship in the 400-metre dash, comprising sports careers of 400 m medalists of the World Cadet and Junior Championships and European Junior Championships in the most important sports events in the senior age category, namely the European Championships, World Athletics Indoor Championships, World Championships, and the Olympic Games. The analysis involved a group of 69 male and 69 female medalists of the European Junior Championships, 27 male and 27 female medalists of the World Youth Junior Championships as well as a group of 48 male and 48 female medalists of the World Junior Championships in the 400 m. The research revealed that from 4% to 7% of the World Cadet Championships medalists and 1-3% of the male and 4-6% of the female medalists of the European Junior Championships achieved their highest sports success by winning medals at the World Championships and the Olympic Games. 6% to 10% of the studied World Junior Championships male medalists were successful in the World Championships. Among the World Championships female medalists, 12% won medals at the World Athletics Indoor Championships, 6% won medals at the World Championships, and 2% won the Olympic Games medals.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2021, 10, 18; 43-51
    2084-7971
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Arm action in hurdle clearance in groups of different ages and sport skills
    Autorzy:
    Hyjek-Młynarczyk, Katarzyna
    Iskra, Janusz
    Piechota, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1901432.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
    Tematy:
    hurdle run
    arm movement
    athletics
    model technique
    Opis:
    One of the key factors for improving hurdle performance is the development of advanced athletic technique, analysis of which is vital in monitoring the training process. The current discussion on hurdling technique, however, seems to overlook the aspect of the movements of the upper limbs in hurdle races. The aim of this study was the qualitative assessment of the upper limb movement in the hurdle step. This study involved three research groups: children, physical education students and hurdle race runners. A questionnaire designed by the authors was used to qualitatively evaluate the technique of clearing the third hurdle (obstacle), taking into account three moments in clearing the hurdle, i.e. the take-off, the over-the-hurdle position and landing. A video footage was captured using three synchronized cameras which recorded a 1920x1080 resolution video at 50 Hz. The results showed statistically significant differences for most of the variables considered. Among all three groups tested, significant differences were noted for flexion at the elbow joint and for movement at the shoulder joint.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2020, 9, 16; 37-47
    2084-7971
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN DIAGNOSING ASYMMETRY IN MUSCLE ACTIVITY AND MOTOR CONTROL ACTIVITIES BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF YOUNG HURDLERS
    Autorzy:
    Konieczny, Mariusz
    Iskra, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449170.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
    Tematy:
    diagnosing
    activity muscle
    Opis:
    Modern technology has created new possibilities for research in the area of regulation and control of movement. The asymmetry of muscle activity and its somatic and functional effects are rarely diagnosed in physical education and the sports activities of children and young people. The authors of this article analyse the problem of asymmetry on the basis of a representative sample of young hurdlers. Hurdling technique used in 400-m hurdles involves, among others, the necessity of clearing the hurdles with the left and right attacking leg. Differences between the two variants are mainly demonstrated based on analysis of kinematic movement structure focusing on movement of lower limbs. In this paper, the authors present differences in upper limb movement at the moment of clearing the hurdle in different forms of training. The application of EMG (electromyography) with image sequence visualisation and registration system was used to analyse the 400 m hurdling technique of eight hurdlers. The hurdlers were firstclass and champion-class hurdlers. The electromyograms concerned the work of 5 muscles of the upper limbs, symmetrically on both sides of the body (deltoideus, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi). The analysis concerned three forms of hurdle training related to hurdle clearance first with the right and next with the left leg in three intensities: marching, trotting, and running at maximum speed. Muscle work on the right side of the body was analysed when clearing the hurdle with the left lower limb, and vice versa. All examined hurdlers used the left attacking leg better (regarding the specificity of 400-m hurdling). The analysis showed significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in muscle work of the upper limbs between the right and left side of the body in respective forms of hurdle training. The right upper extremity muscle activity of three repetitions showed high correlation (r=0.89) for each performed movement form. Such relationships were not found on the left side of the body when attacking the hurdle with the right leg. Although asymmetry is inevitable in the process of lateralization of the human body, teachers at the primary stage of education should make every effort to alleviate disorders of muscle activity and dysfunction of the skeletal system. This is particularly significant in the disciplines in which it is possible to use symmetrical exercises, as a stimulus for relaxation and to avoid monotony when training children and adolescents.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2016, 5, 8; 49-56
    2084-7971
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESULTS IN 100M AND 400M SPRINT RACES IN ATHLETES AGED FROM 6 TO 100
    Autorzy:
    Iskra, Janusz
    Pietrzak, Michał
    Szczęsna, Monika
    Gwiazdoń, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449251.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
    Tematy:
    100m
    400m
    ontogenesis
    sports career development
    Opis:
    The 100 m race is not only a sports discipline but also a way of assessing an athlete’s speed abilities. The run over the distance of 400 metres combines both speed and endurance (anaerobic) capacities. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the development of results in men's 100 and 400m sprint races, taking into account the best performance within the age from 6 to 100. By examining the course and the development of the world's leading sprinters’ careers, the authors took into consideration their best final results achieved each year. They were assigned to three research protocols that included age, successive years of starts, and the period before and after their personal best.The results are presented with arithmetic means and standard deviations (SD). In the comparative analysis of groups of runners over various distances (100 and 400m), the percentage value (%) of the result in relation to the world record over the given distance was chosen as a common element. The research has shown that the age range from 20 to 31 in the 100m race and 20 to 29 in the 400m run respectively, are the best periods for continuation of a sports career suitable for the shortest and longest sprint distance at the highest world level. The development of speed abilities up to the age of 14 is similar to the scale of their regression after the age of 35. Knowledge concerning the change in sports performance level in relation to age provides the opportunity to predict the periods of peak performance in a given sports discipline. This enables a rational and proper planning of the training process.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2017, 6, 9; 27-38
    2084-7971
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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