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Wyszukujesz frazę "solar energy collectors" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
Analiza opłacalności zastosowania niekonwencjonalnych źródeł energii w projektowanym budynku jednorodzinnym. Kolektory słoneczne, pompy ciepła
Analysis of usage possibilitiesof renewable energy sources in detached family house. Solar collectors, heat pumps
Autorzy:
Różycka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
budynek jednorodzinny
pompa cieplna
kolektor słoneczny
źródło energii
solar collectors
heat pumps
energy sources
family house
Opis:
Zużycie energii w światowej gospodarce staje się coraz większe. W Polsce zapotrzebowanie na energię rośnie wraz z rozwojem gospodarczym kraju. Dane oraz szacunki dostępne w literaturze mówią wyraźnie, że w 2020 roku zapotrzebowanie na energię całkowitą na całym świecie będzie około 4,5 razy większe w stosunku do roku 1960. Dalsze prognozy zapotrzebowania są równie niepokojące i wynoszą ponad 6 razy więcej w roku 2050 w stosunku do roku 1960. Pojawia się pytanie, czy istnieją tak rozbudowane systemy, by zapewnić nam wystarczającą ilość energii. Pojawia się tu alternatywa, którą są odnawialne źródła energii. Ze względu na trend panujący na świecie, stosowanie urządzeń wykorzystujących energię odnawialną zyskało duże zainteresowanie. Wzrost udziału odnawialnych źródeł energii w bilansie paliwowo - energetycznym świata, przyczynia się do poprawy efektywności wykorzystania i oszczędzania zasobów surowców energetycznych, poprawy stanu środowiska, poprzez redukcję zanieczyszczeń do atmosfery i wód, oraz redukcję ilości wytwarzanych odpadów oraz zmniejszenie emisji CO2. W związku z tym wspieranie rozwoju tych źródeł, staje się coraz poważniejszym wyzwaniem dla niemalże wszystkich państw świata. "Biała Księga Unii Europejskiej" z 1998 roku i dyrektywy ustanowione dla 15 państw członkowskich zalecają zwiększenie udziału energii elektrycznej z odnawialnych źródeł energii do poziomu 12% w 2010 roku oraz ograniczenie emisji dwutlenku węgla o 8% w porównaniu z poziomem z 1999 roku.
The aim of this paper is analysis of worthwhile usage devices using renewable energy sources compared to condensing heat source with boiler fittings and supporting devices. The range of this analysis contains comparing capital and operation costs of different kind of boiler houses. The analysis was made on the example of average-sized detached family house, localized in Warsaw. The first part shows construction, the matching method and vacuum collectors operating rules. The next paragraph shows construction and the example of calculations concerning matching each heat pump. Introduced different types of compression heat pumps: water - air, water - water (vertical open loop), water - brine (horizontal and vertical closed loop) and the direct expansion - water heat pump together with those Next, there is a comparison of central heating system with condensing gas boiler with the same system upgraded by sun collectors as also with heat pumps monovalent installation. Comparing concerns capital and operation costs in the period of 20 years. The last calculation is time of replacing coverage, which should be placed at the level of 10÷15 years for a good investment. In present thesis it has been assumed that usage of renewable energy sources will decrease the amount of yearly spendings. Calculations showed that all heat pumps are worthwhile investments. However, installing the sun collectors seemed to be unfortune idea, because the time of replacing coverage of such an investment is about 40 years what makes it two times longer than operating life of this installation. After the exact installation analysis the best solution is the water - brine heat pump with horizontal closed loop. Considering the 20 years period of the boiler Mouse working, during last 11 years installation generates net profits. After 15 years of usage of this system, the owner earns 35 267 zl. Establishing that the detached family house is designed for a period of at least 50 years, we must also calculate the costs of exchanging the equipment, which operating life is about 20 years. Taking into consideration the costs of those exchanging, there is a calculation showing heat pump profits over the condensing gas boiler. After that period we can see how profitable the investment into heat pump is. 123 932 zł, because his is the total amount of money that owner saves during 40 years. This is the sum which saving is worth to consider. It is also necessary to pay attention to the other heat pumps, which bring a little smaller savings. Mostly I want to pay attention to heat pump with vertical closed loop. The time of replacing coverage for this installation is also about 10 years, but it may occur that for the small lot area it will be the best solution. The heat pump is a really good alternative source for a conventional boiler houses, especially to traditional ones. Heat pumps also take care about the natural environment and still satisfy the requirements of high tech heating sources.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2009, Tom 11; 1351-1371
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena efektu ekologicznego wynikającego z zastosowania kolektorów słonecznych
Assessment of the Environmental Effects Resulting from the Use of Solar Collectors
Autorzy:
Żukowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818047.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
kolektory słoneczne
podgrzewanie wody użytkowej
odnawialne źródła energii
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
pakiet klimatyczno-energetyczny
systemy solarne
solar collectors
solar domestic
hot water system
renewable energy sources
air pollutants
climate and energy package
Opis:
Climate and energy package is a set of rules designed by member states of European Union to combat climate change. According to these directives the greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced by 20% and the share of energy produced from renewable sources should simultaneously be increased by the same percentage. The use of solar collectors can both improve energy security and reduce the environmental impact caused by the thermal energy industry. An ability to reduce the pollutants, which can be achieved using devices for converting solar radiation into the heat, was determined in this paper. The environmental effect, discussed in the present work, is caused by reducing the demand for domestic water heating. This effect results from the application of thermal solar collectors. The amount of pollutants that are released into the air, emitted from combustion of fuels, was estimated on the basis of the annual energy gain from the solar radiation and emission factors of the selected pollutants recommended by the European Environment Agency (EEA). Net gain of energy from solar panels was determined on the basis of experimental data. The object of the study was the solar domestic hot water (SDHW) system located on the roof of the Hotel for the staff of Bialystok University of Technology (Poland). Experimental studies were carried out under the project financed by the Regional Operational Program of Podlasie Province – stage 1.1 named “Study of the effectiveness of active and passive methods to improve the energy efficiency of infrastructure supported by renewable energy sources”. The construction of the research object was the target of the stage – 5.2 named “Improving the energy efficiency of Bialystok University of Technology infrastructure by use of renewable energy sources” (V. Development of environmental protection infrastructure”). The system consists of two parallel-connected installations. The first includes 21 tube collectors with a total gross area of more than 74 m2. The second unit consists of 35 flat plate collectors with a total gross area of about 72 m2. Eight storage tanks with the capacity of 1000 liters each were placed in the basement of the Hotel. The monitoring system was used to record the installation parameters during its operation. It consists of 17 heat meters, 4 electricity recorders, and 42 platinum resistance temperature sensors. The weather station that captures the basic parameters of outside air and insolation is located near the solar collectors. As a result of studies, it was found that the solar system produced 230.61 GJ heat energy throughout the year. The equation necessary to determine an equivalent amount of energy that is produced in a power plant was presented in this paper. Subsequently, the value of a possible reduction of selected pollutant emissions, which are released into the air, was calculated. Moreover, ΔPj coefficients were proposed for determination of the emissions reduction related to 1 m2 gross area of a solar panel. The main conclusions from the assessment of the impact of applying SDHW system to reduce the air pollution in the urban area were presented at the end of the paper.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2016, Tom 18, cz. 2; 284-293
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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