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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Processing and Performance of Blended Biodiesel Produced from Microalgae Pediastrum Boryanum
    Autorzy:
    Chellappa, Thiago
    da Silva, Raphael Eliedson
    Filgueira, Mário Sérgio Gomes
    Rabelo, Daniela Aisha Silva de Souza
    Lira, Isadora Patriota de Aguiar
    Bremgartner, Afra Raquel de Almeida
    Bragato, Marcos
    Santos, Dino Lincoln Figueirôa
    Rosa, José Guilherme da Silva Santa
    Chellappa, Naithirithi T.
    Sanábio, Robson Guimarães
    Nascimento, Rubens M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069909.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    biodiesel
    diesel
    algae
    esterification
    transesterification
    residue
    Opis:
    In this present study, biodiesel was synthesized as per ASTM method by using algae as a raw material, which in the environment is considered as being a harmful waste and of a nature that blooms in ponds, lakes and reservoirs. In order to improve fuel quality, the transesterification process was carried out in this study so as to remove fatty acids and thereafter, analyze several fuel parameters of the biodiesel were determined. The calorific value of the biodiesel and its specific gravity was 42660 kJ/kg and 0.803 g/cm3 respectively. The viscosity of the sample was found to be 1.99. The cetane number of diesel fuel ranged from 40 to 55 and for the biodiesel it was found to be 47. The flashpoint and firepoint of the sample was recorded as 80°C and 94°C respectively. The conclusion is that it is worthy to mention that this process does not require high-end technology; hence, it could be used in the energy generation process in remote areas and as an alternative resource, as well.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 243--262
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wydajność produkcji biomasy glonowej w reaktorze otwartym
    Productivity of algal biomass in open reactor
    Autorzy:
    Dębowski, M.
    Zieliński, M.
    Krzemieniewski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819477.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    biomasa glonowa
    reaktor otwarty
    hodowla glonów
    algal biomass
    open reactor
    algae farming
    Opis:
    Cele prowadzenia hodowli glonów zależą bezpośrednio od określonych potrzeb i zapotrzebowania ludzi. W Stanach Zjednoczonych, systemy stawów glonowych zostały opracowane początkowo jako wsparcie dla technologii oczyszczania wody. Biomasa odzyskana została przetworzona do metanu, który był głównym źródłem energii [2, 8]. Z upływem czasu biomasa glonowa stała się bardzo ważnym elementem żywnościowym w szeroko pojętej akwakulturze [7]. Ostatnio glony przyciągnęły wiele uwagi z powodu znacznego potencjału w produkcji kosmetyków oraz z uwagi na walory odżywcze. Organizmy te znalazły zastosowanie także w innych obszarach takich jak w systemy do produkcji substancji pozakomórkowych, jak również dla biosorpcji metali ciężkich [1]. Niektóre badania wykazały również znaczenie glonów w wiązaniu dwutlenku węgla.
    Algae may be a source to a few types of renewable biofuels, starting from methane produced in processes of anaerobic decomposition of biomass, through biodiesel produced from algae oil, and finally to photobiological production of hydrogen. Algae may be utilized indirectly for the production of biodiesel, bioethanol and biobutanol. The resultant biomass may further on be processed in a variety of technological pathways. Oil produced in various processes may be processed into fuel, whereas biogas may be exploited for energetic purposes. In addition, the biomass may be directly combusted to provide heat or electricity. Algae biomass contains approximately ca. 50% of carbon in dry matter. The demand for carbon dioxide accounts approximately for 183 tones per 100 tones of biomass produced. The temperature of culture should oscillate between 20 and 30°C. The only feasible methods of largescale production of algae biomass include production in racetrack type ponds and in tubular photo-bioreactors (PBRs). A racetrack type pond is a construction that is based on a number of loops made in a closed recirculation canal. The typical depth of a such a pond reaches 0.2÷0.3 m, however there are also some ponds having 0.5 m of depth. Processes of mixing and excitation of the flow in such a device proceed with the use of a paddle wheel. The flux is directed round the bends by two deflectors fixed in the flux of canal. Canals of the pond can be made of concrete or from pressed soil, and are ruled with white plastic. During sun exposure, the culture is fed continuously. Nutrients are delivered in front of the paddle wheel where the culture flux begins. The biomass produced is collected from a device ahead of the paddle wheel, at the end of a loop. The paddle wheel is operating perpetually to prevent biomass sedimentation. Ponds of this type have been commonly applied for culturing algae biomass in the 50-ties of the 20th century. An extensive experience has been built based on the operation and engineering of race-tracks. The greatest facility of biomass production based on the racetrack covers the area of 440.000 m2 and is aimed at obtaining cyanobacterial biomass for food purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of algal culture in an open reactor. Studies on the use of open reactor to collect the algal biomass showed that there is a possibility of its effective propagation and storage. During the experiment, the content of the biomass in the reactor has increased six times. The rate of biomass growth was variable. An important factor limiting growth was the concentration of algae in the solution. Two concentration limits were found at which the growth restriction was followed, first at about 1000 mg d.m.o./l, and then at 1450 mg d.m.o./l. The rate of biomass growth is depending on rate of nutrients removal. In the assumed conditions of the experiment concentrations of phosphorus proved to be limiting.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2011, Tom 13; 1743-1752
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Immobilizowane komórki glonów w ocenie toksyczności miedzi
    Immobilized algae cells in assessment of copper toxicity
    Autorzy:
    Król, D.
    Kosakowska, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    toksyczność miedzi
    organizmy żywe
    testy toksykologiczne
    glony
    toxicological tests
    copper toxicity
    algae cells
    Opis:
    Testy toksykologiczne są szeroko stosowane do oceny oddziaływania związków chemicznych na organizmy żywe. Najczęściej w testach biologicznych związanych z badaniem środowiska wodnego, jako organizmów testowych używa się mikroorganizmów: bakterii, glonów i cyjanobakterii, ze względu na to, że w większości ekosystemów pełnią one istotną ekologiczną rolę i są stosunkowo czułe na toksykanty.
    Toxicological tests are widely applied for assessment of impact of chemical compounds on living organisms. Most often microorganisms such as bacteria, algae and cyanoabcteria are used as test organisms. They are used because of in most of the ecosystems they pay vary important ecological role and they are relatively sensitive to toxicants [34]. Microalgae are sensitive indicators of environmental change and, as the basis of most freshwater and marine ecosystems, are widely used in the assessment of risk and development of environmental regulations for metals. Copper is a trace element essential for all living organisms. In plants, itparticipates in photosynthetic electron transport and also plays a role as a cofactor of several oxidizing enzymes. Several heavy metals are essential for living beings at very lowconcentrations, but at higher doses most of them are toxic for organisms belonging to different levels of the trophic chain. We examined the influence of copper on the growth of green algae Chlorella kessleri H1901 CAUP. The effect of copperII was defined in concentration range from 5∙10-7 to 5∙10-5 mol∙dm-3 in ionic form. A comparative study on metal interaction in the free and alginate immobilized of algae cells was conducted. Cultures with free and immobilized cells were incubated for 7 days under conditions optimal for the growth of the test alga. Algal growth (cellular density) was used as toxicity response parameter. The copper concentration inhibiting from 40 to 70% of algal growth of free and immobilized algal cells was 5∙10-6 mol∙dm-3. Both free and immobilized cultures showed similar response to Cu treatments. Immobilization of microalgal cells in alginate beads could be a technique in order to monitor potential pollution (eg. heavy metals) of aquatic ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2009, Tom 11; 1105-1117
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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