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Tytuł:
Kopaliny balneologiczne jako surowiec kluczowy
Balneological minerals as a pivotal raw materials
Autorzy:
Zglinicki, Karol
Szamałek, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
surowce balneologiczne
surowce kluczowe
prawo górnicze
ekonomia regionalna
balneological raw materials
pivotal raw materials
mining law
regional economics
Opis:
Changesin the demographic structure of the society and the development of civilisation diseases result in an increased interest in health-resort and spa and wellness services in Poland. Balneological raw materials will fill an important role in maintaining and improving the quality of life. The increase in demand for health-resort and disturbing reports on the possible collapse of the current pension system will probably force necessity of extending the retirement age. Undoubtedly, balneological raw materials will be crucial for efficient functioning of the society by providing broader health care prolonging physical fitness of the population. The awareness of occurring and coming changes makes the authors discuss the significance of the role of mineral resources in terms of not only innovation, defence and safety but also socio-cultural and civilisation.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2021, 69, 4; 218--223
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surowce mineralne deficytowe dla polskiej gospodarki : propozycja nowego podejścia do surowców strategicznych i krytycznych
Scarce mineral commodities for the Polish economy : a new proposal for approach to strategic and critical mineral commodities
Autorzy:
Mazurek, Sławomir
Roszkowska-Remin, Joanna
Szamałek, Krzysztof
Tymiński, Marcin
Malon, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
deficyt surowców mineralnych
krytyczne surowce mineralne
strategiczne surowce mineralne
mineral raw materials deficit
critical mineral raw materials
strategic mineral raw materials
Opis:
The Authors analyze the national deficit of mineral commodities (classified as strategic and critical mineral commodities) against the volume of mineral deposits in Poland, from which these commodities are obtained. The assignment of types and subtypes of minerals that are the source of extraction to the corresponding strategic and critical mineral commodities is presented. A comparison was made between the annual extraction of minerals-sources of mineral commodities and their reserves in documented deposits and the volume of exports and imports of strategic and critical mineral commodities. It was found that Poland does not have a number of mineral deposits useful as sources of mineral commodities (strategic and critical) or documented mineral reserves are not sufficient to cover the needs of the national economy for these mineral commodities. Therefore, most of the critical and strategic mineral raw materials are scarce for Poland. A new approach to the classification of critical and strategic mineral commodities and the definition of the scarcity of mineral commodities in the country was proposed. The task of the geological survey is to conduct research to increase the base of mineral resources, especially those of fundamental importance for the economy. Such works are carried out at the Polish Geological Institute for the benefit of the project of State Raw Materials Policy (still under consideration) and should be continued in subsequent years.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2021, 69, 5; 273--286
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mapy obszarów perspektywicznych wystąpień rud metali i surowców chemicznych w Polsce w skali 1 : 200 000 wraz z ich oceną surowcową oraz ograniczeniami środowiskowymi i zagospodarowania przestrzennego
Autorzy:
Mikulski, S. Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075354.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
zagospodarowanie przestrzenne
surowce
rudy metali
surowce chemiczne
land use planning
raw materials
metal ores
chemical raw materials
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 9; 531--533
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surowce kluczowe, strategiczne i krytyczne dla polskiej gospodarki
Pivotal, strategic and critical mineral raw materials for the Polish economy
Autorzy:
Radwanek-Bąk, B.
Galos, K.
Nieć, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
polska geologia gospodarcza
surowiec kluczowy
surowce strategiczne
minerały krytyczne
Polish economic geology
pivotal raw material
strategic raw materials
critical minerals
Opis:
Comprehensive and harmonious economic development of each country depends on the availability of raw materials, in particular mineral deposits, necessary for the functioning of the various industries that produce the substances and equipment required to meet the needs of the population, and for the efficient operation of agriculture and transport. The identification of raw materials, which are important for the country, is the basis of mineral policy and strategy. Diverse conditions of production of mineral raw materials result in their division into groups of different importance for the national economy. In Poland, three independent proposals for determining economically important mineral raw materials were developed. Despite their intuitive, similar approaches, various raw materials were identified as pivotal, strategic and critical. We would like to clarify their definitions: Pivotal raw materials – essential for the proper functioning of the economy and satisfying the needs of the society, those whose supply must be assured; Strategic raw materials - not sufficiently (at least 90%) supplied from domestic sources, or whose opportunities for permanent supply are limited or threatened (including the raw materials necessary for the development of innovative technologies); Critical raw materials - those whose chance of gaining (from both primary and secondary sources) is of high risk and their substitutability is low (in particular raw materials on the EU Critical List). There are 27 pivotal raw materials, especially important for the Polish economy, which are distinguished by the importance of raw materials and the importance of the substitution of raw materials. The list of strategic raw materials counts 36 items and includes a number of pivotal raw materials, important for the economy but being deficient in Poland. Eighteen mineral raw materials were considered critical. Depending on the changing, widely understood market conditions, such lists should be reviewed and updated at least every 5 years.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2018, 66, 3; 153--159
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koronawirus negatywnie wpływa na gospodarkę surowcami
Autorzy:
Maksymowicz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2067489.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
gospodarka surowcami
imperium chinskie
surowce na giełdzie
raw materials management
Chinese empire
stock exchange
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2020, 68, 3; 160--161
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mineralne surowce wtórne : problemy polskiego nazewnictwa i klasyfikacji w związku z realizacją gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym
Secondary mineral resources : problems of nomenclature and classification in connection with the implementation of the circular economy
Autorzy:
Pietrzyk-Sokulska, E.
Radwanek-Bąk, B.
Kulczycka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
odpady
surowce wtórne
obieg zamknięty
waste material
secondary resources
circular economy
Opis:
One of the challenges of today’s economies in the world is the need to increase the use of waste materials as secondary raw materials that are suitable for further use. This constitutes a core of the circular economy. This allows on the one hand to minimize the risk of price volatility and availability of resources, on the other, to meet the increasing global environmental requirements, creating the core of circular economy. This applies in particular to mineral resources. Circular economy implementation requires a number of problems. The basic one concern the development of clear definitions of waste/recyclables (secondary resources), as now many of the terms are used interchangeably or imprecise, resulting in information chaos and the inability to quantify the source data. Next are: to develop standards describing particular typical waste products (secondary) arising in subsequent recovery phases, then - keeping records and balancing the amount of processed waste and recovered secondary raw materials. This publication focuses on the problem of terminology and definitions, due to its importance and urgency for already conducted activities related to the preparation of raw materials policy of the country. The Polish naming and waste management legislation has been reviewed, against the background of European regulations. The definition of recycled materials (secondary resources) has been proposed for their classification strictly linked to the current classification of waste.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2018, 66, 3; 160--165
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surowce mineralne Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego i obszarów przyległych
Raw materials from the Upper Silesia Coal Basin and from the adjacent areas
Autorzy:
Gabzdyl, W.
Hanak, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe
surowce mineralne
odpady hutnicze
odpady energetyczne
gospodarka odpadami
Upper Silesian Coal Basin
mineral raw materials
mining
metallurgical wastes
energetic wastes
wastes management
Opis:
In the Upper Silesia Coal Basin and on the adjoining areas, besides dominant in resources and the amount of bituminous coal output, there of other occurs mineral raw materials. In spite of local industry restructuring, production of mineral raw materials in this region still remains significant for its economy. Among other European Community countries the larg-est bituminous coal resources occur in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Poland is the European Union leader in coal production and export. Exploitation of some mineral raw materials, such as: iron ores, zinc-lead ores and brown coal, in different times was discontinued while others (rock salt, Mo-W-Cu ore) from beds recognized to a different degree was not started. Making use of waste mineral raw materials, mainly mining, metallurgical and energetic ones, is becoming more and more significant economically and ecologically. Sometimes synthetic raw materials are produced, such as: gypsum (desulphogypsum) obtained from desulphurisation of fumes, Ca-Mg fertilizers from dolomite wastes, crushed and synthetic aggregates from mining and metallurgical wastes, lead and silver from recycling and salt from coalmine water desalination. On the basis of imported raw minerals, iron, steel and ferroalloys are produced. Zn-Pb concentrates are also imported on larger scale. Such raw materials as: raw materials used for production of noble ceramics and rock wool are delivered from other regions of the country. Sustainable development of the Upper Silesia leads to rational and environment friendly managing of mineral raw materials, protection of their resources, as well as to usage of industrial wastes. Protection of resources from neglected deposits (coalmines in liquida-tion) constitutes an important problem, still to be solved. It is connected with substantial financial spendings and preparation of suitable legal acts. A substantial amount of mining, processing, metallurgical and energetic wastes, accumulated as well as produced on a regular basis, requires suitable management. An appropriate example of that is placing mining and energetic wastes under the ground, using them as consolidating stowing for sealing cavings and using them as a dummy road packing. Mining wastes are also applied in engineering works, such as for instance, in construction of embankments, land levelling etc. Flotation silt is used as fuel in the households and the material obtained after their decarbonisation is used in recultivation.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2005, 53, 9; 726-733
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surowce skalne w murach klasztoru na Łysej Górze : walory edukacyjne i estetyczne – propozycja wycieczki geologicznej
Natural building stones in the walls of the monastery on Łysa Góra and their educational and esthetic values : proposal of geological tour
Autorzy:
Szczepanik, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Góry Świętokrzyskie
Święty Krzyż
surowce skalne
skały w architekturze
Świętokrzyskie Mountains
Holy Cross
natural buildings stones
rocks in architecture
Opis:
Historic monastery of Holy Cross located on the top of Mt Łysa Góra (Bald Mountain) (595 m a.s.l.), which is one of the highest hills of Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross) Mountains, is to be considered cultural and historical centre of the Świętokrzyskie region. Despite of eventful, almost a thousand-year, history, numerous destructions and redevelopments, the monastery, which up to the middle of 17th century was the biggest Polish religious sanctuary, is nowadays visited by hundreds of thousands of people annually. Through the ages, multiple types of natural building stones were used for the purpose of wall construction as well as for decoration of interiors of the monastery. In comparison with other architectural objects of the region, the monastery of Holy Cross is characterized with big diversity. Bearing in mind persistency and beauty of the structure, multiple types of natural building stones were brought to the top of Bald Mountain and can still be admired while visiting the abbey. Rocks, which represent almost entire lithostratigraphic sequence, from the Cambrian to the Neogene, can be found here. Majority of them comes from the area of Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross) Mountains and its vicinity, however some details were made of precious raw materials imported from Scandinavia, Belgium, England and Italy, which were very rare in this part of Poland. Nowadays, viewing stone decoration of Holy Cross sanctuary, not only enables to admire work of art, but also gives the possibility to get acknowledged with richness and diversity of rocks as well as multiple interesting geological structures, which they include.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 8; 485--499
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chińska polityka surowcowa
Chinese raw materials policy
Autorzy:
Maksymowicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Chiny
nauka
surowce
cena
miedź
węgiel
China
science
raw materials
prices
copper
coal
Opis:
Our increasing economic relations with China provide an opportunity to compare raw materials economies in both countries. They are completely different. A modern form of raw materials management in China is based on scientific analyses of universities and research institutes which, at their own initiative, submit their proposals to the Chinese Government. They are numerous in every issue, and even conflicting as regards the methods, conclusions and purposes. The Government selects the best options, providing broad and comprehensive justification for each of them. This method has brought to China a worldwide investment success in raw materials economy. If we want to cooperate with China in thisfield, it is worthwhile to take advantage of its experience in this matter.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2016, 64, 10; 789--790
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Minerals 4EU – Europejska sieć informacyjna zaopatrzenia w surowce mineralne” – jeden z wiodących projektów komisji europejskiej ostatnich lat
“Minerals 4EU – European Sustainable Minerals Intelligence Network” – one of European Commission’s leading projects of recent years
Autorzy:
Radwanek-Bąk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
minerały 4EU
surowce mineralne
złoża kopalin
prawo geologiczne
prawo górnicze
Minerals 4EU
mineral raw materials
mineral deposits
geological law
mining law
Opis:
In2013–2015, the PGI-NRI participated in the implementation of one of the leading projects of EU raw materials in recent years, Minerals4EU – European Information Network on mineral raw materials. Its goal was to create the first European-scale complex and a public information network of mineral raw materials that would work in a continuous system after the completion of the project. The scope of information gathered in the network and updated on a regular basis includes data on: production, trade, demand and market conditions in the field of primary and secondary minerals. The project partners were the teams representing geological surveys of 27 European countries and several specialized research institutes. PGI-NRI actively participated in two of the six workpackages of task forces, also helping the other ones. Apart from presenting the project tasks and the effects of its implementation the publication presents in a synthetic way the results of research on the condition of availability of mineral deposits in the European Union countries, carried out by the author in the preparation of foresight on raw materials for Europe. During the study, the main causes of restrictions in accessibility of mineral deposits were identified and their trends were rated and described, pointing out to the necessary actions and measures, using the examples of good practice in this area. The studies are important, cognitive and applicable
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2016, 64, 7; 458--463
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowa metodyka wyznaczania surowców kluczowych, strategicznych i krytycznych dla polskiej gospodarki
New methodology for designation of key, strategic and critical minerals for the Polish economy
Autorzy:
Galos, Krzysztof
Lewicka, Ewa
Burkowicz, Anna
Guzik, Katarzyna
Kamyk, Jarosław
Kot-Niewiadomska, Alicja
Szlugaj, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
surowce kluczowe
surowce strategiczne
minerały krytyczne
bezpieczeństwo surowcowe
polityka surowcowa
key minerals
strategic minerals
critical minerals
mineral security
mineral policy
Opis:
The paper presents a proposal for methodology of designation of the key, strategic and critical minerals, important for the mineral security of Poland. The authors proposed a comprehensive methodology for analysis of 148 individual minerals. When determining the key minerals, a criterion of average value of their annual consumption in Poland in the last decade (2009-2018) was adopted. This approach also regards to the general tendency of consumption of a given mineral and the net import reliance index. To determine strategic minerals, a two-stage analysis was performed, i.e. the identification of potentially strategic minerals that are indispensable for the sectors defined as crucial for the country’s economic security (based on an expert assessment), and – from among them – establishment of the list of strategic minerals on the basis of criteria of the average consumption value in recent years and the net imports reliance. For the identification of critical minerals, the methodology developed for the European Union with some significant modifications was adopted: all the minerals previously classified as key and/or strategic were granted the status of high economic importance in Poland, with disregarding of EU’s evaluation of the value of economic importance (EI) indicator. The second EU index – the supply risk index (SR) – for the determination of the critical minerals for Poland – was slightly reduced from 1.0 to 0.9. Based on the analysis conducted, three lists comprising 42 key, 24 strategic and 17 critical minerals indispensable for the Polish economy development were proposed. Identification of these minerals is of fundamental importance for further works on the Mineral Policy of Poland.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2021, 69, 10; 654--665
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polska polityka surowcowa za granicą
Polish raw materials policy abroad
Autorzy:
Maksymowicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Afryka
ekspansja
surowce mineralne
Syberia
wiedza
Africa
expansion
mineral resources
Siberia
knowledge
Opis:
The Polish expansion in mineral exploration is going to start with Africa. This is expressed in Government documents. Such direction is obviously welcome, but is not the most important. Chinese competitiveness in that continent is insurmountable. The Polish science was most successful in this field in the 19th and early 20th centuries in Siberia. Its achievements have been appreciated there until today, independently of political turmoil in Polish-Russian relations. This direction of the policy in mineral exploration is the most promising because this is where the world economy and policies are currently targeted. A weakness of both these options is the lack of commonly available knowledge about both Africa and Siberia, and about other areas of our interests in raw materials around the world. This should be a starting point to a debate about the Polish policy in mineral exploration abroad.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2017, 65, 2; 87--88
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Surowce skalne Zagłębia Wołyńskiego w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej i ich wykorzystanie
Raw rock resources of the Volhynia Province during the period of Second Republic of Poland and their utilization
Autorzy:
Wiszniewska, J.
Tołkanowicz, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Zagłębie Wołyńskie
surowce skalne
magmowy łuk kontynentalny
kamieniołomy granitu i bazaltu
raw rock materials of Volhynia Province
Osnisk-Mikashevichy volcano-plutonic belt
granite and basalt quarries
Opis:
The evaluation of rock raw materials of the Volhynia Province in the Second Republic of Poland was performed at the PGI-NRI in 2013–2014 in order to create a museum collection of Volhynian igneous and metamorphic rocks, currently insufficiently recognized and preserved in many historical buildings in the Polish cities. The need to create this rock collection, with petrological descriptions, was of great importance to the knowledge of wider geology of rock raw materials, as well as for urban and historical research. Rocks from the Volhynia Province e.g. klesovite (also known as “leptite” or syenite from Volhynia), Old Korec granite, Osmaline granite, Volhynian gabbro and basalt etc. have been widely used in the interwar period as construction and road rock material. The Volhynia Provice in the Second Polish Republic had a similar importance for rock raw resources as the Lower Silesia Province (SW Poland) at present. However, our knowledge of the utilization of these materials in Polish architecture is so far limited because of the difficulties related to the recognition of these rocks, determination of the place of their origin and their ambiguous name nomenclature.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2015, 63, 9; 525--530
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Udział Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego w odkryciach złóż surowców mineralnych
Autorzy:
Piwocki, M.
Podemski, M.
Przeniosło, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
surowce mineralne
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny
historia
mineral deposits
history
Polish Geological Institute
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2004, 410; 39-54
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność bazy zasobowej kopalin oraz produkcji górniczej Polski w okresie po II wojnie światowej
Variations in the amount of mineral resources and mining production of Poland after World War II
Autorzy:
Salski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061611.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
zasoby kopalin
odkrycia złóż
inwestycje górnicze
wydobycie kopalin
surowce energetyczne
surowce chemiczne
rudy metali
mineral resources
discoveries of deposits
mining investments
mining of mineral resources
energy raw materials
chemical raw materials
metal ores
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono w ujęciu historycznym rozwój krajowej bazy surowców mineralnych w okresie po II wojnie światowej, aż do roku 2005. Przeanalizowano zmienność bazy surowców energetycznych (metan, ropa naftowa, węgiel kamienny i brunatny), rud metali (żelazo, miedź, cynk i ołów) oraz surowców chemicznych (siarka, sól kamienna). Cechą charakterystyczną 20-lecia 1960–1980 był dynamiczny przyrost zasobów, w wielu przypadkach w efekcie odkrycia nowych, dużych złóż, a nawet rozległych obszarów złożowych. W stosunku do wielkości zasobów w 1960 r. rozwój bazy zasobowej w przypadku większości kopalin był trzy–czterokrotny, w odniesieniu do siarki – siedmiokrotny, a gazu ziemnego – szesnastokrotny. Odkrywanie nowych złóż i wyczerpywanie się zasobów w wyniku eksploatacji wpływało na zmianę geograficznego rozmieszczenia ośrodków górniczych. Ostatnie 15-lecie analizowanego okresu w przewadze charakteryzowało się zmniejszającym się stanem zasobów i wydobycia. Likwidacji uległo górnictwo rud żelaza i siarki, a złoża rud cynku i ołowiu – znacznemu wyczerpaniu. Rola potencjału zasobowego ważniejszych surowców mineralnych w gospodarce narodowej została znacznie obniżona.
The paper presents the estimates of Polands’s reserves of mineral raw materials after World War II until 2005. This refers to energy minerals (methane, natural gas, oil, black and brown coals), metal ores (iron, copper, lead and zinc) and chemical mineral raw materials (sulphur, rock salt). The period of 1960–1980 was characterised by a dynamic increase of the reserves. In many cases, it was an effect of discoveries of new large deposits, and even large mineral-rich areas. The amount of reserves increased three to four times compared with its volume in 1960. For instance, sulphur reserves increased seven times, natural gas – sixteen times. Discoveries of new deposits as well as intense mining have caused a change in geographical distribution of the main mining centres. However, the last 15 years have been characterised by a depletion of reserves and a drop in the mining extraction. Mining of iron ores and sulphur has been abandoned, and lead and zinc deposits have been significantly depleted. Generally, the role of the potential of mineral raw materials has greatly weakened in the national economy.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2018, 473; 67--92
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36

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