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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
Taekwondo diplomacy: new possibilities for peace on the Korean Peninsula
Autorzy:
Johnson, John A.
Vitale, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1923660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-28
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
soft diplomacy
international relations
sports diplomacy
International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF)
World Taekwondo (WT)
Opis:
Sports diplomacy has long been effective in bringing nations and cultures together. Sports diplomacy is a type of soft diplomacy: the more informal diplomatic engagements between non-government entities that sometimes operate with governmental support, but more often as a private exchange. Soft diplomacy has provided governments a place where greater understanding happens, which has in turn led to increased political cooperation. Taekwondo, the Korean martial art turned international Olympic sport, has been used for soft diplomatic purposes almost since its inception. Most recently, the Taekwondo demonstration teams from the Republic of Korea (ROK; South Korea) and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK; North Korea) have been used as a tool to bridge the political gap between the two divided nations. The current research introduces a general framework of diplomacy and elucidates the soft diplomacy efforts made by ROK and DPRK Taekwondo organizations in order to provide a foundation for future research on Taekwondo diplomacy and peace negotiations.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2018, 6; 237-250
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From Individual Heroes to National Performers: The Shift in Taekwondos Peace Promotion Activities
Autorzy:
Johnson, John A.
Lewis, Sanko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1922298.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-04
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
sports diplomacy
cultural exchange
karate
Republic of Korea (ROK)
People’s Democratic Republic of Korea (DPRK)
Opis:
The writings of early taekwondo pioneers promote peace through the practice of the martial art and, later, the combat sport. These pioneers charged taekwondo practitioners with a duty to contribute to justice, defend the weak, and build a more peaceful world. National and international taekwondo organizations such as the Kukkiwon, World Taekwondo (WT), and the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) have taken up the charge of peace promotion through taekwondo by means of transnational events, such as goodwill tours and joint taekwondo demonstrations by adversarial states (e.g., South and North Korea). These activities are soft diplomacy initiatives and have seen some level of success. While these soft diplomacy activities are in line with the goal of peace promotion that the early pioneers advocated, they are qualitatively different from what the pioneers advocated. Originally, the responsibility of peace promotion was on the individual taekwondo practitioner, who ought to cultivate moral character, courage, and martial art skill in order to uphold justice and defend the weak. With the current use of taekwondo for soft diplomacy, the responsibility of peace promotion has shifted from the individual practitioner to the governing bodies, such as WT and the ITF. Instead of focusing on issues surrounding justice and the protection of the weak, these national and international organizations focus on geopolitical cooperation, which is mediated through cultural exchange activities in the form of taekwondo demonstrations. These events involve activities such as acrobatic performances, dance routines, and board breaking that require little combat skill and may not pose the risk of serious injury to the individual practitioners, mainstays of the individual heroes of old. The charge to safeguard justice and physically defend the weak, which are acts of true courage as was envisioned by the taekwondo pioneers, is mostly ignored.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2020, 2, 8; 64-71
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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