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    Tytuł:
    PROBLEMATYKA IKONOGRAFICZNA I KONSERWATORSKA DREWNIANEGO KOŚCIOŁA W BOGUSZYCACH KOŁO RAWY MAZOWIECKIEJ
    THE ICONOGRAPHY AND CONSERVATION OF THE WOODEN CHURCH IN BOGUSZYCE NEAR RAWA MAZOWIECKA
    Autorzy:
    Lubryczyńska, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535572.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    POLICHROME
    WOOD CONSERVATION
    WOODEN ARCHITECTURE
    WOODEN CHURCH IN BOGUSZYCE
    Opis:
    The intention of this study is to present the complex question of the painted decorations of the interior of the wooden church of St. Stanislaw the Bishop in Boguszyce near Rawa Mazowiecka. The founder of the object, built and decorated in 1558, was Wojciech Boguski of the Rawicz coat of arms, at the time the steward of the Mazovian royal estates belonging to Queen Bona. The Renaissance murals on the walls and ceiling of the discussed church are an imitation of a brick church interior with lavish architectural details, monumental murals and vast areas covered with inscriptions. The ceiling is an illusionistic image of a stucco or brick Renaissance counterpart derived from Serlian motifs. The painted ceiling decorations in the Boguszyce church demonstrate considerable formal and stylistic analogies to the solutions applied in the collegiate church in Pultusk. The Boguszyce polychromes are an outstanding and totally unique work, insufficiently recognised and deserving more extensive popularisation. Their merit is even greater considering that the authors presumably originated from a still little-recognised sixteenth-century milieu of Warsaw-based artists. At the end of the twentieth century the valuable monument was in a catastrophic condition. A leaky roof and a permanent displacement of the construction elements threatened with a collapse of the building and total damage to the paintings. Complex conservation and restoration of both the object and the celling polychrome were initiated in 1997. The work was preceded by specialist studies intent on determining the techniques of the execution of the polychrome and its state of preservation. The foremost task involved halting the damage incurred to the wooden underpainting and the painted decoration as well as the removal of secondary layers deforming the polychrome. The aim of the restoration was to recreate the lost aesthetic merits of the paintings. The causes of the damage were diagnosed, and an optimal selection of conservation methods and material was based on current knowledge.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2006, 3; 29-54
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Średniowieczny kościół w Karlinie – historia przekształceń budowlanych w świetle badań architektonicznych
    The medieval church in Karlino – the history of building transformations in the light of architectural research
    Autorzy:
    Zalewski, Krystian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107153.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    Karlino
    średniowiecze
    architektura
    kościół
    badania architektoniczne
    konserwacja
    Middle Ages
    architecture
    church
    conservation
    architectural research
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawione zostały wnioski z badań architektonicznych wykonanych przez autora w okresie od października 2016 roku do września 2017 roku. Przeprowadzone badania architektoniczne w karlińskiej świątyni polegały na analizie materiału użytego do jej budowy i nie obejmowały konstrukcji drewnianych (więźby dachowej w prezbiterium, korpusie nawowym, wieży oraz dzwonnicy). Do opracowania badań wykonano analizę architektoniczną murów kościoła. W ramach przyjętych kryteriów zbadano ich styki, które przedstawiono graficznie w postaci węzłów badawczych w celu ustalenia wzajemnej chronologii oraz zaznaczono na dokumentacji fotograficznej. Mury zostały również porównane pod kątem wątków konstrukcyjnych, kolorystyki cegieł, rodzaju zaprawy, wielkości cegieł i sposobu opracowania spoiny. W połączeniu z kwerendą archiwalną badania te pozwoliły na rozpoznanie przekształceń budowlanych, rozwarstwienie chronologiczne i próbę rekonstrukcji poszczególnych faz budowlanych, a także na szczegółowe określenie średniowiecznej techniki budowlanej. Omówienie tych właśnie aspektów jest głównym celem niniejszego artykułu.
    The article presents the conclusions from the architectural research carried out by the author in the period from October 2016 to September 2017. The architectural research carried out in the Karlino church consisted of an analysis of the material used for its construction and did not include wooden structures (roof trusses in the chancel, nave body, tower and belfry). An architectural analysis of the church walls was carried out for the study. As part of the criteria adopted, their joints were examined, which were graphically presented in the form of research nodes in order to establish a mutual chronology, and marked on the photographic documentation. The walls were also compared in terms of the construction bonds, colour of bricks, type of mortar, size of bricks and the way of joint preparation. Together with the archival study, the research allowed for the recognition of building transformations, chronological stratification and the attempt at reconstruction concerning individual construction phases, as well as the detailed definition of the medieval building technique. The discussion of these aspects is the main purpose of this article.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2020, 2; 9-36
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przekształcenia dawnej cerkwi greckokatolickiej w Hannie w świetle badań architektonicznych i dendrochronologicznych
    Transformation of the Former Greek Catholic Church in Hanna: Architectural and Dendrochronological Studies
    Autorzy:
    Warchoł, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2104869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    kościół pw. Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła
    w Hannie
    cerkiew greckokatolicka
    badania architektoniczne
    badania
    dendrochronologiczne
    architektura drewniana
    Keywords: Saints Peter and Paul the Apostles Church in Hanna
    Greek Catholic church
    architectural research
    dendrochronological
    studies
    wooden architecture
    Opis:
    Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie wyników przeprowadzonych w 2018 r. badań architektonicznych kościoła pw. Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła w Hannie, dawnej cerkwi greckokatolickiej. Z uwagi na brak jednoznacznie określonej chronologii świątyni, głównym celem badań było dokonanie rozwarstwienia chronologicznego poszczególnych części zabytku oraz jednoznaczne określenie czasu ich wzniesienia i zakresu ewentualnych przekształceń. W tym celu analizę architektoniczną obiektu uzupełniono o badania dendrochronologiczne drewna konstrukcji ścian i dachów, dające możliwość precyzyjnego określenia daty ścięcia drzew, z których zostały wzniesione poszczególne części cerkwi. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań i analiz ustalono, że świątynia wznoszona była w kilku fazach budowlanych od XVIII do XX stulecia. Pierwsza struktura cerkwi hanieńskiej wzniesiona została w latach 1739-1740, kolejne przekształcenia nastąpiły w 1747 r., kiedy dostawiono drewnianą kaplicę, oraz w latach 1764-1765, gdy cerkiew powiększono o część zachodnią mieszczącą babiniec wraz z przedsionkiem oraz nadbudowano z celu wyrównania korony zrębu ścian nowych i starych części. Cerkiew uzyskała wtedy kształt zbliżony do obecnego. W XIX w. dokonywano jedynie niezbędnych remontów, szczególnie w zakresie wieżyczek i przekrycia dachów i ścian, oraz przekształcano dobudówki przy sanktuarium, które ostateczną formę uzyskały dopiero w 1. połowie XX wieku.
    The purpose of the study is to report the results of architectural research conducted in 2018 in Saints Peter and Paul the Apostles Church in Hanna, a former Greek Catholic temple. Since a clear chronology of the temple is missing, the main purpose of the studies was to perform chronological stratification of the individual sections of the historic monument and to clearly date the erection of the temple and determine the scope of its transformations. For this purpose, the architectural analysis of the site was supplemented with dendrochronological studies of the wooden wall and roof structures with a view to precisely determining the time of sourcing the trees used for the construction of particular sections of the church. The performed studies and analysis showed that the temple had been erected over several construction phases from the 18th through the 20th century. The first structure of the Hanna church was built in the years 1739-1740; subsequent additions and transformations occurred in 1747 (a wooden chapel was added) and in the years 1764-1765 when the church was enlarged by the western part housing the women’s section and the vestibule; it was also extended upwards to level the top of the wall framework of the new and old parts. At that time, the church was given its present-day shape. In the 19th century, only necessary renovations were carried out, especially in the turrets, roofs and walls. Also, the annexes to the sanctuary were transformed, however, its current shape goes back to no earlier than the early 20th century.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2020, 1; 79-104
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kościół opactwa de Fontelle w świetle problemu rekompozycji zabytków
    THE CHURCH OF DE FONTELLE ABBEY AS EXAMPLE OF PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN REARRANGEMENT OF ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE
    Autorzy:
    Łysiak, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537882.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1973
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    rekompozycja zabytku
    kościół opactwa de Fontelle
    zdemontowanie obiektu
    przesunięcie obiektu
    rodzaje rekompozycji
    łuk dei Gavi w Weronie
    Opis:
    Reviewing the example of the Fontelle Abbey, Saint- Wandrille, France the author devoted his considerations to the problem of rearrangement of ancient architectural objects from the viewpoint of the present tendencies in conservation. To a thorough analysis and assessment were subjected two kinds of such rearrangements, namely this called „positive” a rising, for instance, from objective necessities as, e.g. a decay of a building being a consequence of earthquake, and that „negative”, i.e. the need to move it to another place in view of the townplanning or spatial development requirements. The old Gothic temple of the Fontelle Abbey has been demolished during the French Revolution. After the World War II the architect Paul Tournon specializing in the rebuilding of the sacred architecture has been entrusted with the task of its reconstruction; however, it was the lack of adequate financial means that has caused the stoppage of the whole project. After the death of P. Tournon his daughter Marion has, in collaboration with A. le Donne, realized an entirely different solution of the problem. An abandoned thirteenth-century stone-built barn in Eure District was acquired by the Abbey that, according to plans, had to be demolished. This ancient building was stripped into the separate stone-masonry and timber elements which in turn were moved to Saint-Wandrille where they have been reassembled retaining a large proportion of those original including the old rafter framing. The barn interior of some 9.000 m* space has been adapted to the function of a monastery church. As a result of the above adaptation it proved necessary to reshape some portions of the barn’s walls which the remaking was forced by the new function; so, for instance, the front entrance had to be extended by an addition of a new gate span. These alterations did not, however, too strongly affect the original beauty or the character of the building. While summarizing his review the author comes to conclusion that both rearrangement and adaptation to a new function in the case of de Fontelle Abbey may be considered as a positive example of safequarding of an ancient building through its adjusting to requirements of the present-day life.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 1973, 2; 117-122
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    GOTYCKIE DEKORACJE MALARSKIE ELEWACJI KOŚCIOŁA PARAFIALNEGO P.W. ŚW. KATARZYNY ALEKSANDRYJSKIEJ W GOLUBIU Przyczynek do badań nad dekoracją maswerkową w architekturze Państwa Zakonnego w Prusach
    GOTHIC PAINTED DECORATIONS ON THE ELEVATION OF THE CHURCH OF ST. CATHERINE OF ALEXANDRIA IN GOLUB. A Contribution to Studies about Tracery Decoration in the Architecture of the Teutonic Order State in Prussia
    Autorzy:
    Tuliszewski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536670.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    CHURCH OF ST. CATHERINE OF ALEXANDRIA (GOLUB)
    GOTHIC DECORATIONS
    POLYCHROME
    TEUTONIC ORDER STATE
    Opis:
    The Gothic painted decorations of the plastered blind windows and friezes on the elevation of the parish church in Golub have been mentioned at the end of the nineteenth century by German conservators and historians of East Prussian architecture (J. Heise, A. Boetticher) in the catalogues of historical monuments written by them. Nonetheless, it was not until the research, drawings and measurements of the roof truss construction were carried out in December 2004 by the employees of ROBiDZ (Torun), that the presence of the titular painted decorations was unearthed. The discoveries were made in a rather inaccessible spot, i. e. under the roof of the chapel of the Holy Cross, covering part of the eastern axes of the northern elevation. The second stage of the measurements performed next to the bell tower disclosed remnants of identical engraved tracery decorations at the level of the fourth storey of the southern tower elevation. The excellent condition of the preserved compositions engraved on a thin layer of lime plaster made it possible to reconstruct their original form. This material, together with photographic documentation, was used for making inventory drawings based on a CAD-type programme. The documentation produced by ROBiDZ (Torun) classified four types of the originally polychromed tracery decoration. With the exception of a plastered band on the cornice, the other compositions share an identical tripartite division of the lower lancet sphere as well as a band above it, featuring a carpet pattern with a recurring four-leaf motif. Moreover, a characteristic feature of the Golub tracery is the fact that the classical three-, four- and five-leaf motifs occur next to each other, and have been executed both from petals cut out of a circle and those which are enclosed within a lancet. The presented article embarks upon an attempt at defining the provenance of the forms of the discovered compositions. A formal analysis has been unquestionably facilitated by the studies conducted by specialists as well as the conservation documentation of similar objects by, i. a. M. Poksinska and E. Pilecka. Golub, located in the territory of the Teutonic Order state, only 40 kms from Torun, must have found itself within the range of the impact exerted by this cultural centre, the second largest in Pomerania, a fact decisive for a search for analogous decorations in the buildings of Golub and its environs. We cannot exclude the probability that the described tracery should be attributed to a group of artists working not only Toruń but also in the provinces. They included representatives of various nationalities and assorted West European trends, influencing art in the region of Chełmno, Kujawy and Varmia. It must be added that the imposing number of architectural solutions and decorative motifs in the land of Chełmno makes it impossible to indicate a concrete source of inspiration for the solutions encountered in Golub. Cited analogies prove that fourteenth-century ornamental motifs were popularised in Toruń and the neighbouring regions by means of the pattern books and construction complexes which appeared in these terrains as part of a cultural exchange augmented by the intensive trade contacts maintained by the Baltic towns. The presented study does not propose an ultimate classification of all types of the tracery decorations originally executed on the elevation of the parish church in Golub. Within this context, the documented examples comprise only part of the whole repertoire of the ornamental blind windows in the church. Initial results of the examination of the chemical composition of lime mortar in the blind windows and tower cornice made it possible to identify the pigments used in the decorations, i. a. iron oxide red, ochre and plant black. The execution technology of the painted tracery could be ultimately explained after complex conservation studies. With all certainty, the tracery discovered in Golub in 2005, both engraved in plaster and painted, confirms the great popularity of this decoration technique in the state of the Teutonic Knights, used not only on sacral edifices but also on secular and town buildings. In turn, the immense variety of the types of compositions attests to the fact that the basic purpose of such ornaments was to enhance the decorativeness and prestige of the embellished objects.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2006, 1; 39-51
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nowy Wiśnicz, barokowa fara pw. Wniebowzięcia NMP i św. Jana Chrzciciela. Zarys problematyki
    Baroque architecture of Our Lady and John the Baptist Church in Nowy Wiśnicz. The outline of main issues
    Autorzy:
    Szlezynger, Piotr S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537350.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    kościół
    sklepienie
    siły rozporu
    fundamenty
    atrybucja projektu
    wystrój wnętrz
    prace konserwatorskie
    Małopolski Wojewódzki
    Konserwator Zabytków
    delegatura w Tarnowie
    church
    vault
    expansion forces
    foundations
    design attribution
    interior design
    conservation works
    Lesser Poland Voivodeship
    Conservator of Monuments
    Delegation in Tarnów
    Opis:
    In 1616 Stanisław Lubomirski founded the town Wiśnicz as a private town, a centre of vast latifundium in Cracow region. In 1620 he provided the funds to build a new stone-wall parish church which was consecrated in 1647. In the great fire of the town in 1863 the wooden buildings of the market square and the town hall were burnt down. The church, its belfry, rafter framing and parish archives also suffered from the fire. The presbytery of the church is semicircular, with adjacent vestibule, vestry and a small treasury. The nave is wider than the presbytery, rectangular and elongated of mannerist proportions with later addition on the east. Outside the nave there are buttresses in the form of giant volutes. Two-storey western elevation of the church is divided in its lower part into three fields of different widths by pilasters. In the middle field there is a portal with the coat-of-arms of Szreniawa in the pediment broken along the axis. The Palladian openings and conch niches are placed regularly. The upper storey, narrower, finished with a flattened arc is framed by a small volutes. Low pinnacles finish the part of the façade. The baroque forms in the façade are placed in a mannerist manner. The façade is divided by a huge mould separating the colossal pilasters from the gable divided in a different rhythm. The pilasters of the upper storey and towers are off the axes of the lower storey pilasters. The flat and linear architecture is supported by huge, almost bulging base. The barrel vault is emphasized by conspicuous entablature, and the interior is homogeneous in character. The elegant composition with few sculptural elements reminds one of the Carmelite church interior. In the façade the elegant forms are combined with sculpturally exaggerated ornamentations and the outline of framing is mannerist. Andrea Spezza, of Italian origin, probably architect of parish church in Wiśnicz, executed the baroque architecture in a very individual way but with strong mannerist impressions. The eastern frontage together with the parish church are a basic elements of the architectural complex of the former Carmelite monastery and castle, which dominate in the Wiśnicz skyline. Therefore its arrangement must be regulated, and the view of the parish church façade exposed. Translated by P.S. Szlezynger
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 2; 93-113
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przekształcenia części wschodniej kościoła w siedemnastowiecznym zespole klasztornym na Karczówce (Kielce) w świetle badań architektonicznych struktury murowanej
    Alterations of the eastern part of the church in the 17th century monastery complex in Karczówka (Kielce) in the light of architectural research of the brick structure
    Autorzy:
    Prarat, Maciej
    Piaskowska, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107152.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    badania architektoniczne
    architektura klasztorna
    Karczówka
    architectural research
    monastery architecture
    Opis:
    Zespół klasztorny w Karczówce jest jednym z najważniejszych zabytków nowożytnej architektury sakralnej na terenie województwa świętokrzyskiego. Dotychczasowe badania dotyczące historii całego kompleksu obejmowały głównie badania archiwalne oraz stylistyczne. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest prezentacja wyników badań architektonicznych struktury murowanej części wschodniej kościoła połączonej z wieżą i skrzydłami klasztornymi. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy, popartej badaniami dendrochronologicznymi, zaproponowano nową chronologię dla przekształceń budowlanych tej części zespołu. Strukturą najstarszą jest kościół, który powstał w dwóch fazach budowlanych (po 1622 i do 1628 r.). Największy zakres przekształceń związany był z przejęciem wzgórza przez zakon bernardynów, a co za tym idzie rozbudową kościoła i budową klasztoru (przełom lat 40. i 50. XVII w.). Kolejne zmiany miały miejsce w XVIII w. Na historyczny obraz całości największy wpływ miały prace konserwatorskie prowadzone na przełomie XIX i XX w.
    The monastery complex in Karczówka is one of the most important monuments of sacral architecture in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. So far, the research on the history of the entire complex has mainly included archival and stylistic studies. The aim of this text is to present the results of architectural research concerning the brick structure of the eastern part of the church connected with a tower and monastery wings. As a result of the analysis, supported by dendrochronological studies, a new chronology was proposed for construction alterations of this part of the complex. The oldest structure is the church, which was built in two construction phases (after 1622 and until 1628). The greatest extent of the alterations was related to the takeover of the hill by the Bernardine monastery, and thus with the expansion of the church and the construction of the monastery (late 1640s and early 1650s). Further changes took place in the 18th century. The historical picture of the whole was most strongly influenced by conservation works carried out at the turn of the 20th century.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2020, 2; 37-63
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Drewniany kościół w Gąsawie - przykład nierozpoznanej konstrukcji w architekturze sakralnej
    The Wooden Church in G¹sawa — an Example of Unidentified Construction in Sacral Architecture
    Autorzy:
    Jankowski, Aleksander
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537282.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    drewniany kościół w Gąsawie
    architektura sakralna
    Gąsawa
    dziedzictwo Pałuk
    Pałuki
    konstrukcja zrębowo-szkieletowa
    zrąb ścian
    konstrukcja szkieletowa
    konstrukcja więźby
    więźba
    konstrukcja storczykowa
    Opis:
    The seventeenth-century wooden church of St. Nicholas in G¹sawa is one of the most important testimonies of the cultural heritage of the Pa³uki region. Alongside the church in Tarnów Pa³ucki it is the oldest extant wooden church in Pa³uki and one of the oldest within the range of historical Greater Poland. The tower-less, single-nave object with a small distinct sacristy and porch, with boarding on the outside and plaster inside, and a solid slightly deformed at the beginning of the nineteenth century by the addition to the nave of an unproportionately large, brick cylindrical chapel, did not meet with greater interest on the part of researchers. Recorded in catalogues of monuments and locally issued publications concerning the history of the region the church was discussed laconically as an edifice with a uniform construction, erected in 1674 (as evidenced by the date inscribed on the bell of the rood arch beam), and founded by Kazimierz Brzechwa, the abbot of Trzemeszno. Recent thorough repairs revealed the heretofore concealed original appearance of the church. The removal of nineteenth–century boarding and plaster showed that the church in G¹sawa has a double, frame supporting structure of the roof, while the interior walls are covered by at least three layers of painted decoration. An analysis of the architectonic structure, dendrochronological examinations, an archival survey, and an initial analysis of the arrangement programmes of particular phases of the painted decoration permitted the assumption that the gable walls, the frame and the rafter framing date back to the seventeenth century, but do not share a joint origin. The oldest are the frame walls, probably a remnant of a church raised at the end of the first quarter of the seventeenth century. The date on the rood arch beam — 1674 — commemorates not the construction but the reconstruction of the object, partially destroyed during the Swedish wars. Up to the 1690s the church was a frame construction. From 1697 to 1699 the frame became encircled on the outside by a skeletal structure (without nogging). The most likely reason for this solution was the enlargement of the nave windows. The skeletal construction relieved the weakened frame and guaranteed stability to the static configuration of the edifice. The organic union of the frame and skeletal structure and the rafter framing made it possible to recognise the carrying systemof the roof as the effect of a well–devised architectonic conception. Up to now, literature concerning wooden churches has not distinguished the double, frame–skeletal, construction of the walls. Similar solutions have been recorded only among non–extant examples of the architecture of wooden synagogues in the former Commonwealth. On–the–spot investigations, albeit for the time limited to select objects in historical Greater Poland, have demonstrated that churches with a double carrying roof construction are not as exceptional as it might be assumed upon the basis of pertinent literature. Solutions similar to the “G¹sawa” model have been discovered in both seventeenth– and eighteenth– century churches. At the present stage it is still difficult to draw concrete conclusions concerning the origin and evolution of wooden churches with a double, frame–skeletal wall construction, which calls for further studies. Today, the most important is the very fact that this type of construction has been classified in sacral architecture of the Christian cultural range.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2001, 1; 19-29
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Późnoromański portal kościoła sióstr norbertanek na Zwierzyńcu w Krakowie. Badania archeologiczno-architektoniczne – próba interpretacji
    Late Romanesque portal of the church of the Norbertine Sisters in Zwierzyniec in Kraków. Archaeological and architectural research – an attempt at an interpretation
    Autorzy:
    Bojęś-Białasik, Anna
    Łyczak, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343029.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    norbertanki
    Kraków
    portal
    badania architektoniczne
    badania archeologiczne
    architektura
    archeologia
    Norbertines
    architectural research
    archaeological research
    architecture
    archaeology
    Opis:
    W latach 2018–2023 przeprowadzono badania archeologiczno-architektoniczne oraz prace konserwatorskie przy późnoromańskim kamiennym portalu kościoła klasztornego sióstr norbertanek na Zwierzyńcu w Krakowie. Ten unikatowy zabytek architektury XIII wieku był w katastrofalnym stanie technicznym ze względu na mocne zawilgocenie i zasolenie oraz długotrwałe zasypanie do połowy wysokości ziemnymi warstwami kulturowymi, które kumulowały się w otoczeniu portalu przez wiele stuleci. Interdyscyplinarne badania diagnostyczne pozwoliły zidentyfikować przyczyny i źródła zawilgoceń oraz opracować procedury prac konserwatorskich, dzięki którym doszło do zahamowania zniszczeń i ustabilizowania struktury kamienia. W rezultacie badań archeologiczno-architektonicznych odsłonięto zasypane dotychczas partie portalu i wyeksponowano jego pełną formę. Badania te były okazją do szczegółowych obserwacji budowy architektonicznej portalu, analizy form detalu typowych dla sztuki XIII wieku i oceny jego stanu zachowania. Synteza wyników interdyscyplinarnych badań pozwoliła sformułować wstępne wnioski dotyczące historii budowy portalu jako obramienia głównego wejścia do XIII- -wiecznego kościoła oraz jego późniejszych przekształceń, pozostających w ścisłym związku z podnoszącym się poziomem użytkowym otaczającego terenu.
    In the years 2018–2023, archaeological and architectural research and conservation work was carried out on the late Romanesque stone portal of the convent church of the Norbertine Sisters in Zwierzyniec in Kraków. This unique thirteenth-century architectural relic was in a very dilapidated condition due to extensive damp and salinity, as well as the long-term backfilling with earthen cultural layers – to up to half of its height – that had accumulated around the portal over many centuries. Interdisciplinary diagnostic tests made it possible to identify the causes and sources of the damp and establish procedures for conservation work, thanks to which the damage was contained and the structure of the stone stabilized. As a result of archaeological and architectural research, the hitherto buried parts of the portal were uncovered and its full form was revealed. These studies provided an opportunity to make detailed observations of the architectural structure of the portal, analyse the forms of details typical of thirteenth century art and assess its state of preservation. A summary of the results of interdisciplinary research made it possible to draw preliminary conclusions regarding the history of the portal’s construction as a setting for the main entrance to the thirteenth-century church and its subsequent transformations, which are closely related to the increasing rate of usability of the surrounding area.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2024, 1; 51-72
    0029-8247
    2956-6606
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pochodzący z końca XVII wieku poewangelicki kościół szkieletowy pw. Bożego Ciała w Jasieniu w świetle badań architektonicznych
    The late seventeenth-century half-timbered post-Evangelical Corpus Christi Church in Jasień in the light of architectural research
    Autorzy:
    Wałdoch, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343034.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    architektura szkieletowa
    technika budowlana
    badania architektoniczne
    Pomorze Zachodnie
    Jasień
    half-timbered architecture
    construction technology
    architectural research
    Western Pomerania
    Opis:
    Najstarszy zachowany na ziemi bytowskiej, pochodzący z końca XVII wieku poewangelicki kościół pw. Bożego Ciała w Jasieniu należy do zespołu sakralnej architektury szkieletowej Pomorza Zachodniego. Pomimo dużego zainteresowania tym obiektem nie stanowił on dotąd przedmiotu szerszych analiz badawczych. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje wyniki przeprowadzonych w ostatnich latach nieinwazyjnych badań architektonicznych, które objęły strukturę ścian korpusu nawowego i wieży oraz więźb dachowych. Wraz ze szczegółową analizą tekstów źródłowych i literatury badania te pozwoliły zgłębić wiedzę o historii budowlanej kościoła, zrekonstruować jego pierwotną formę oraz scharakteryzować technikę, w jakiej go wzniesiono. Pokłosiem tego jest również analiza porównawcza, która nie tylko dowodzi, że kościół w Jasieniu pod wieloma względami wyróżniał się na tle innych obiektów z obszaru badawczego, lecz także rzuca pewne światło na zagadnienie form i rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych stosowanych na przełomie XVII i XVIII wieku w sakralnej architekturze szkieletowej Pomorza Zachodniego.
    The oldest surviving post-Evangelical Corpus Christi Church in Jasień, (in Bütow Land – Pol. ziemia bytowska) dating from the end of the seventeenth century, belongs to the group of half-timbered sacred architecture in Western Pomerania. Despite the great interest in this building, it has not yet been the focus of more extensive studies. This article presents the results of non-invasive architectural research carried out in recent years, which included the structure of the walls of the nave and tower, as well as the roof trusses. Together with a detailed analysis of source texts and literature, this research has made it possible to deepen our knowledge of the history of the church’s construction, reconstruct its original form and describe the techniques used to build it. This work has also resulted in a comparative analysis, which not only shows that the church in Jasień stood out in many respects from other buildings in this field of research, but also sheds some light on the issue of forms and construction solutions used in the half-timbered sacred architecture of Western Pomerania at the turn of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2024, 1; 115-132
    0029-8247
    2956-6606
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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