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Tytuł:
MODELS OF THE LEGAL CONSTRUCT OF CONSENT FOR POST MORTEM ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION ILLUSTRATED BY THE EXAMPLE OF POLAND, NORWAY AND USA
Autorzy:
Sarnacka, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
transplantation
gift law
medical law
Opis:
Each country which allows for organ transplantation developed legal regula-tions concerning the related procedure the objective of which is to both ensure the safety of the procedure and to prevent trafficking in human organs . There are however substantial differences between the solutions adopted by particular legislators .The most commonly used models include the legal construct of explicit consent (represented by Norwegian legislator) and presumed consent (adopted in Poland) . A half-way model described as a bridge between those two constructs is the gift law construct adopted in the USA .The analysis of particular legal regulations related to transplantology may have an impact on amendments to Polish legislation aiming at an increase in the number of organ transplants .
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2017, 29, 2; 47-83
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MEDIATION IN POLISH LABOUR LAW: COMPARING ITS EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT TO LABOUR MEDIATION IN EU AND US LAW
Autorzy:
Antolak-Szymanski, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
mediation
employment law
labour law
Opis:
Mediation was popularized in modern times in the United States. Its origins were found in the mediation of labour disputes between unions and employers, as a means of avoiding strikes, and currently it is used more and more frequently in individual employment matters. While mediation is not as widespread in Poland to date, its use in labour and employment cases appears to have a similar arc of development. Since the 1990s, mediation has had a central and positive role in resolving collective labour disputes, and now it is being used increasingly in individual employment cases. This paper explains these developments, with a particular focus on the evolution and scope of employment mediation under Polish and European Union law. The author concludes that although the basic framework exists for mediation to develop further in Poland, further reforms would be helpful to ensure its success.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2018, 34, 3; 21-40
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Giustizia e diritti
Justice and rights
Autorzy:
Tafaro, Sebastiano
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-26
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Human Rights
Interpretation of law
roman law
ius civile
European law
obligations
tort law
Opis:
La proclamazione di diritti senza contestuale strumenti che ne assicurino l’effettività è fonte di crisi de diritto e della Giustizia. Occorre proporre un nuovo ‘modello’, per il quale il diritto ed il processo romano appaiono fonte di suggestioni e di spunti innovativi applicabili anche all’oggi. In particolare è inammissibile l’enfatizzazione dei ‘Trattati’ sino al punto di minacciare l’uomo e l’ambiente. Il diritto romano indica la via per impedire l’assoggettamento agli interessi economico- finanziari di pochi.
The proclamation of rights without contextual means to ensure. is not an effective source of justice and leads to a justice crisis. A new ‘model’ must be proposed , which sees the Roman law and process as a source of innovative suggestions and ideas that apply to the present. In particular, it is important to emphasize the ‘Treaties’ as threatening to man and the environment. The Roman law indicates the way to prevent the underlying economic and financial reign of the few.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL; 2017, 60, 3; 179-200
0044-4405
2543-9715
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE SCIENCE OF LAW REGARDING NEW LEGAL CONTRACTUAL COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CONTINENTAL CIVIL LAW SYSTEMS: THE SPANISH AND GERMAN EXAMPLES
Autorzy:
Palao-Uceda, Juan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
science of law
Roman law
codification
civil law
new contracts
Opis:
This article tries to return to the essence of civil law which, with a little more than ten key contractual institutions, allows all disputes created from newly founded institutions to be examined and interpreted. If law is science it must be ableto be reduced to a set of basic concepts that have been coined and concluded from daily contractual practice and, almost in their entirety, have been in force over time. Hence the study of Roman law and Roman legal tradition remain a constantreference to our continental law. However, this does not prevent them from being open to gradual enrichment.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2018, 35, 4; 73-102
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stare decisis and information abundance in a common law jurisdiction
Autorzy:
Roscoe, Emily
Szypszak, Charles
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
legal research
case law
stare decisis
common law
American law
Opis:
In a common law jurisdiction, according to the principle of stare decisis judges are bound to interpret a constitutional or common law principle by applying authoritative cases already decided. Parties in disputes pending before the courts must find and assess the prior cases on which they can expect that judges will rely. Not very long ago, research for such precedent involved reviewing known cases and linking them to other cases using topical digests and citators. Success with this approach required a patient, persistent, thorough, and open-minded methodology. Modern information accessibility gives previously unimaginable quick access to cases, including with tools that promise to predict judicial tendencies. But this technological accessibility can have negative side effects, including a diminished research aptitude and a stilted capacity to synthesize information. It can also lead to an inadequate account of the human factors that often cause judges to depart from predictions based on logical inference from prior cases. This article considers the extent to which the identification of precedent is essential in legal analysis, yet is of limited value in predictability as a result of judges’ unavoidably human perspectives. With examples from landmark cases, the article illustrates that judges sometimes make decisions based on considerations that will not be revealed in a mechanistic application of precedent. The article considers how evolving legal research tools and methods give access to precedent that in some respects makes the process more scientific, but in other respects can obscure the realities of how cases are decided. The article also gives examples of this paradox as demonstrated by today’s students who are learning how to do research, drawn from years of the authors’ teaching experience.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 49, 2; 7-32
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New technologies in Polish commercial arbitration on the background of European Union regulations
Autorzy:
Ryszkowski, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-10
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
new technologies
European Union law
contract law
arbitration law
COVID pandemic
Opis:
Commercial arbitration in Poland has to face contemporary problems, including those related to the constant development of information technologies, and therefore new technologies. It is seen during the COVID pandemic. This article is intended to assess the state of Polish regulation on the background of European Union regulations in the abovementioned area and to propose potential changes to the Polish legislation[1] if they are needed.   [1] Karol Ryszkowski, “New technologies in the Polish commercial arbitration,” in Právo, obchod, ekonomika : zborník príspevkov (Právo - obchod - ekonomika), eds. Jozef Suchoža, Ján Husár, and Regina Hučková (Košice: Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika Vydavatel’stvo Šafárik Press, 2020), 249.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 48, 1; 29-41
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Subject of Testamentary Burden against the Background of German Law
Autorzy:
Trzewik, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945089.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-07
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
testamentary burden
Polish law
German law
Opis:
The making of a last will and testament by a testator is an act in law. The testator is entitled to make specific dispositions to execute their last will, such as identifying an heir, making ordinary or vindication legacies, or appointing an executor of the will. At the same time, the number of potential aims intended to be achieved by the testator corresponds to the number of possible life situations that cannot be resolved through the testator’s dispositions regarding their estate. It is therefore necessary to equip the testator with such legal means that will allow them to achieve both material and non-material objectives. This is the role of the institution of testamentary burden. It has been regulated in the Polish legal system only superficially; therefore, the author refers to the legacy of German legislation to offer a better understanding of the solution.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2021, 47, 4; 83-105
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human Dignity Concepts in Judicial Reasoning. Study of National and International Law
Autorzy:
Doroszewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
human dignity
comparative law
international law
Opis:
Many modern legal systems declare, that protection of human dignity plays an important role in its construction. Therefore, a question may be asked if the concept of dignity is similar in different legal systems. The following paper presents the results of the research on human dignity concepts in reasoning of national (Polish and German Supreme Courts) and international courts (ICC, ECHR). Both national systems provide a constitutional protection of human dignity, Rome Statute, which constitutes the ICC, prohibits behaviours infringing dignity (model of Geneva Conventions), whereas the European Convention of Human Rights does not include the term “human dignity”, only prohibition of torture or “inhuman or degrading treatment”, what is understood as protection of dignity. On the basis of the research there could be stated, that each legal system has developed its own concept of human dignity, although all concepts have a similar core, as nearly all ways of understanding “protection of human dignity” are combined with a commitment to respect each person. This kind of respect could be assumed as a basis of human dignity protection.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 43, 4; 119-137
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal status of farmers involved in short food supply chains, a comparative study
Autorzy:
Kapała, Anna Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-10
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
short food supply chains
agricultural activity definition
Italian law
French law
USA law
Opis:
The legal status of farmers involved in food marketing is not determined by the EU legislator, however, EU policy encourages farmers’ participation in short food supply chains. The article aims to determine whether a farmer selling his products, both processed and unprocessed is subject to a favourable legal regime intended for the agricultural sector, or whether this activity qualifies him as a commercial entrepreneur. The legislation of three EU Member States and the law of the USA were subject to a comparative legal analysis, based on the dogmatic method. The study found that under the EU Member States’ law, farmers involved in short food supply chains are granted a privileged agricultural status, which certainly strengthens their market position in competition with food businesses and big retailers and is an incentive to undertake and conduct the activity of agri-food marketing. In turn, under American law, agricultural activity and direct marketing are economic activities that cause farmers to operate within a business as an entrepreneur. The main tool to support the participation of US farmers in short food supply chains is financial programmes offering incentives to direct marketing. It was concluded that the systemic legal solutions, as in the presented legislation of the EU countries, in contrast to aid programmes, provides farmers with favourable conditions in the long term, without additional bureaucracy and the need to fill out documents and applications, thus giving them a sense of confidence and stability in engaging in food direct marketing.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 48, 1; 43-65
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Medieval Canon Lawyers and European Legal Tradition. A Brief Overview
Autorzy:
Giaro, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-07
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
canon law sources
two swords doctrine
utrumque ius
transnational law
soft law
codifica-tions
Opis:
The Roman Church was a leading public institution of the Middle Ages and its law, canon law, belonged to most powerful factors of European legal history. Today’s lawyers have hardly any awareness of the canonist origins of several current legal institutions. Together with Roman law, canon law constituted the system of “both laws” (utrumque ius) which were the only laws acknowledged as “learned” and, consequently, taught at medieval universities. The dualism of secular (imperium) and spiritual power (sacerdotium), symbolized by so-called two swords doctrine, conferred to the Western legal tradition its balance and stability. We analyze the most important institutional achievements of the medieval canon lawyers: acquisitive prescription, the Roman-canonical procedure, the theory of just war, marriage and family law, freedom of contract, the inheritance under will, juristic personality, some institutions of constitutional law, in particular those based on the concept of representation, and finally commercial law. Last not least, the applicability of canon law defined the territorial extension of medieval and early modern Christian civilization which exceeded by far the borders of the Holy Roman Empire, where Roman law was effective as the law of the ruler. Hence, the first scholar to associate Roman law with (continental) Europe as a relatively homogeneous legal area, Paul Koschaker, committed in his monograph Europa und das römische Recht, published in 1947, the error of taking a part for the whole. In fact, Western legal tradition was based, in its entirety, not on Roman, but rather on canon law; embracing the common law of England, it represented – to cite Harold Joseph Berman – the first great “transnational legal culture”. At the end, some structural features of canon law are discussed, such as the frequent use of soft-law instruments and the respect for tradition, clearly visible in the approach to the problem of codification.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2021, 47, 4; 157-187
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O prawie oficjalnym w teorii Leona Petrażyckiego
Official law in Leon Petrazycki’ theory
Autorzy:
Tkacz, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-23
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Leon Petrażycki
prawo nieoficjalne
prawo pozytywne
prawo intuicyjne
prawo oficjalne
Leon Petrazycki
official law
unofficial law
intuitive law
positive law
Opis:
Przedmiot rozważań podjętych przez autora artykułu stanowi charakterystyka prawa oficjalnego w psychologicznej teorii prawa Leona Petrażyckiego. W pierwszej części opracowania przedstawiono definicję prawa oficjalnego. Następnie dokonano analizy jego składu. W ostatniej części zadano pytanie, czy prawo oficjalne w teorii Leona Petrażyckiego można uzasadnić przy użyciu kryterium psychologicznego. W konkluzjach podsumowujących przeprowadzone badania zwrócono uwagę na to, że terminologia oraz charakterystyka zaproponowana przez L.Petrażyckiego jest odmienna w relacji do innych definicji prawa przedstawionych w toku dyskursu teoretycznoprawnego
The subject of this article is to characterize the official law in the Leon Petrazycki’s psychological theory of law. The first part of the study presents a definition of the official law. Then, the composition of official law was analyzed. The last part focuses on the question whether the official law in the theory of Leon Petrażycki can be justified with the psychological criteria. In conclusion, it was pointed out that the terminology and characteristic features proposed by L. Petrażycki differ in relation to other legal definitions presented in the theoretical discourse.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL; 2019, 62, 2; 155-170
0044-4405
2543-9715
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
When a State Is a Party to a Dispute – (Court-)Administrative Mediation in Poland and in Ukraine (A Comparative Perspective)
Autorzy:
Kalisz, Anna
Serhieieva, Alina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40279718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
administrative and court-administrative mediation
Polish law
Ukrainian law
Opis:
Ukraine’s status as a candidate country for the European Union membership reinforces the need for comparative analysis between Ukrainian regulations and the laws of other EU Member States, as well as European regulations. One of the fields of comparative law is the development of mediation as a legal institution, also in cases when the state is involved – for disputes covered by administrative law. This has already been a subject of interest and promotion of both the EU and the Council of Europe, as European standards of democracy provide for the state’s cooperation with citizens/individuals. The aim of this article is – firstly – to compare the current development of mediation in administrative and court-administrative cases in Poland and in Ukraine, the similarities in successes and challenges, and – secondly – to determine to what extent both countries follow the latest CEPEJ guidelines. Although the state of research and literature on this subject is advanced in Poland and slightly less satisfactory in Ukraine, a comparative overview of this type of mediation regulations can be considered a novum. As for methodology, the paper is dominated by the logical-linguistic method, although some conclusions were drawn on the basis of both statistics and participant observation, i.e. the authors’ own mediation practice. So far – although both legal systems are quite compatible with the CEPEJ guidelines examined and provide for inter-branch solutions – in both countries in question, the development of administrative and court-administrative mediation is not a “success story.” A contrario: it can be classified as developing in the least resilient manner. To some extent, Poland and Ukraine show similarities and correlations in terms of successes and challenges, as well as social and mental barriers to mediation development.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 53, 2; 129-148
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal Regulation of Surrogacy in Poland and Ukraine – a Comparative Analysis
Autorzy:
Sarnacka, Emilia
Demchenko, Ivan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43539283.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
surrogacy
cross-border surrogacy
reproduction regulation
reproduction law
health law
Opis:
The paper focuses on surrogacy regulation, which is diverse across European countries. Four categories of rules can be identified, namely: absence of regulation, regulations allowing surrogacy , regulations that do not allow it with ongoing discussion about allowing it, and regulations under which surrogacy is strictly forbidden. Poland and Ukraine are neighboring countries with radically different regulations on surrogacy. There is no direct regulation on surrogacy in Poland and it can be stated that surrogacy agreements are not valid. IVF procedure is strictly forbidden for surrogacy. Ukraine is an example of the most liberal country when it comes to surrogacy regulation. Surrogacy agreements are regulated and requirements are formulated for surrogate mothers. Ukrainian regulation allows remuneration for surrogate mothers. After the Russian invasion, Ukrainian surrogate mothers came to Poland looking for safety. The Polish state provided extensive support for the Ukrainian people, including specific legal regulation on the right to access health care and employment opportunities. Yet, the Ukrainian surrogacy agreements are not valid in Poland, and the surrogate mothers will be approved as legal mothers.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2024, 57, 2; 223-248
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chrystianizacja prawa po „edykcie mediolańskim”
Christianization of law after „the edict of Milan”
Autorzy:
Żurek, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/612538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
prawo rzymskie
prawo kościelne
chrystianizacja prawa
tolerancja
przywilej
Roman law
Church law
Christianization of Law
tolerance
privilege
Opis:
The Constantine breakthrough was the beginning of changes in the whole Roman Empire state system. In Roman Law that process meant the introduction of Christian elements into legislation. The process of Roman Law Christianization was started by the Emperor Constantine the Great and was proceeded by his successors. The scope of those changes is difficult to determine. It is even more difficult to determine those changes mechanism of introduction. It is sure that Church was not the initiator of them. Even priests not always had been satisfied with those changes. Simplifying, those changes could be reduced to three areas: law and rules regarding the Christian cult; respecting the Christian spirit laws, and, finally, to, so called, privileges which were bestowed to the Catholic Church. It seems to be that this process did not open the way to introduction of confessional state but strengthened its tolerant – in religious case – character. This article is a systematization attempt of these issues, especially in the face of the numerous appearing allegations.
Źródło:
Vox Patrum; 2014, 61; 73-88
0860-9411
2719-3586
Pojawia się w:
Vox Patrum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dysfunkcje polskiego prawa i kierunki jego doskonalenia na etapie procesu ustawodawczego
Disfunctions of the Polish Law and Directions of Its Perfection at the Legislation Stage
Autorzy:
Szymanek, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-25
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
prawo
proces ustawodawczy
tworzenie prawa
doskonalenie prawa
law
legislative process
making of the law
improvement of law
Opis:
Artykuł podejmuje dwa główne zagadnienia. Pierwszym są dysfunkcje prawa, drugim możlie kierunki jego doskonalenia, w zakresie procesu ustawodawczego. Wady polskiego prawa są różne. Należą do nich między innymi  inflacja prawa, jego mała czytelność, brak jasnych podstaw aksjologicznych, transgresja rozumiana jako przekraczanie obszarów materialnych przez akty prawne usytuowane na różnych poziomach w hierarchii aktów prawnych. Mankamentami prawa są również jego zbyt częste zmiany oraz nadmierna instrumentalizacja. Dlatego istnieje potrzeba usprawnienia procesu ustawodawczego. Wydaje się, że zmiany powinny odpowiadać kilku podstawowym hasłom. Każde z nich zawiera oczywiście wiele pomniejszych elementów, które także powinny być przedmiotem ewentualnych korekt. Są nimi kierunkowe wskazania:  1) proces ustawodawczy powinien być bardziej racjonalny; 2) proces ustawodawczy powinien być bardziej profesjonalny; 3) proces ustawodawczy powinien być bardziej uspołeczniony; 4) proces ustawodawczy powinien być bardziej kontrolowany i 5) proces ustawodawczy powinien być bardziej  efektywny.
Article take two main issues. The first are the dysfunctions of the law, the second possibility directions of its improvement, in terms of the legislative process. Disadvantages of Polish law are different. These include, among other things, inflation law, his little clarity, the lack of clear axiological foundations, transgression understood as crossing areas by material acts arranged at different levels in the hierarchy of legal acts. Drawbacks of law are also the too frequent changes and excessive instrumentation. Therefore, there is need to improve the legislative process. It seems that the change should correspond to a few basic terms. Each course includes a number of smaller items, which should also be subject to any adjustments. They are directional indications: 1) the legislative process should be more rational; 2) the legislative process should be more professional; 3) the legislative process should be more socialized; 4) the legislative process should be more controlled and 5) legislative process should be more effective.
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze KUL; 2016, 3; 131-181
1897-7146
2719-4264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze KUL
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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