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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 26
Tytuł:
Right to Effective Legal Remedy in Criminal Proceedings in the EU. Implementation and Need for Standards
Autorzy:
Wiliński, Paweł
Kiejnich-Kruk, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40454350.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
directive 2013/48
directive 2016/343
effective remedies
standardisation
implementation
Opis:
In order to secure rights and guarantees provided by the legal system of the European Union, legal acts in the field of the criminal cooperation refer to the right to an effective remedy. Given that, two instruments are particularly important as they were the first to aim to set the standard and frame for the effective remedy conceptual framework: the Directive 2013/48/EU and the Directive (EU) 2016/343. The Authors analyse the legislation process within that context, the approach of Member States, (non)existing standards and related consequences, such as the possibilities of proper implementation of the right to the effective remedy into the national legal systems, verification of that process as well as the chances to achieve the harmonisation of minimal standards of the protection of fundamental rights in the area of criminal proceedings in the EU.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 54, 3; 147-167
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The National Air Pollution Control Programme in Poland – Selected Legal Issues
Autorzy:
Radecka, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
air
air protection
nec directive
Opis:
The article focuses on Poland’s obligations arising from Article 6 of the Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC[1]. The objective of the article is to present legal solutions adopted in the National Air Pollution Control Programme (further referred to as the NAPCP) in Poland. This is preceded by an analysis of this document in the context of other legal instruments for environmental protection, and an evaluation of its effectiveness.
Niniejszy artykuł skupia się na wskazaniu zobowiązań Polski wynikających z art. 6 dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2016/2284 z dnia 14 grudnia 2016 r. w sprawie redukcji krajowych emisji niektórych rodzajów zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych, zmiany dyrektywy 2003/35/WE oraz uchylenia dyrektywy 2001/81/WE[1]. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rozwiązań prawnych przyjętych w krajowym programie ograniczania zanieczyszczeń powietrza (dalej: KPOZP) w Polsce, z wcześniejszym umiejscowieniem tego dokumentu na tle innych prawnych instrumentów ochrony powietrza, oraz ocena jego skuteczności.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 40, 1; 7-23
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Evolution of Cybersecurity Regulation in the European Union Law and Its Implementation in Poland
Autorzy:
Szpor, Grażyna Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1597404.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-08-21
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
cybersecurity, cyberspace, legislation, NIS Directive, ENISA
Opis:
The 2013 European Union Cybersecurity Strategy, the 2016 Directive, and the 2019 Regulation mark the next steps in strengthening the protection of cybersecurity by European Union bodies, linked to changes in member states’ laws. The rapid increase in threats, referred to as the “cyberpandemic”, requires prompt adaptation of legal instruments to new needs, but at the same time complicates ensuring consistency of multi-level regulation. The analysis of changes in the legal status in Poland shows that this concerns terminology, subject matter scope and the structure of cyber security systems. In order to reduce difficulties, it is worth considering introducing immediate amendments to those provisions in force which were negatively assessed during works on drafting new acts. Such a conclusion is prompted by the evolution of the definition of cybersecurity, which, according to the 2019 Regulation as well as the draft amendments to the Polish Act on National Cyber Security System and the draft of the new Directive, is to be understood as activities necessary to protect networks and information systems, users of such systems and other persons against cyber threats such as any potential circumstance, event or action that may cause damage, disruption or otherwise adversely affect networks and information systems. Another example is the maintenance of the distinction between key service operators and digital service providers in the 2019 EU Regulation and the 2021 draft amendment to the Polish law, although the 2020 NIS 2 directive draft recognizes that it has become irrelevant and replaces it with a distinction between essential and relevant entities. Also, other changes currently proposed are justified by the blurring of the boundaries between virtual and real space.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2021, 46, 3; 219-235
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
European Union model of whistleblowing
Autorzy:
Kobroń-Gąsiorowska, Łucja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-10
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
whistleblowing
reporting
directive
model of whistleblowing
loyalty
Opis:
In October 2019, the European Union adopted the Directive on protecting persons reporting breaches of European Union law, commonly known as the „Whistleblower Protection Directive” (EU Directive). The protection of national policies is beyond the scope of the Directive, as its sole purpose is to encourage people to report "breaches of EU law", ie, to strengthen „enforcement of the Union law and policies in specific areas”. The Directive is not concerned with the protection of workers or employees. The Directive treats whistleblowers as an instrument for reporting irregularities. Another proof of the instrumental approach adopted in the Directive is the lack of any financial incentives for whistleblowers. This article's basic thesis is that despite dynamic and multifaceted changes in the economy of individual countries, the accepted model of whistleblowing in the European Union will depend on repeated multidimensional analysis of the principle of the lawyer's loyalty to the organization. The research presented below aims to prove the validity of the adopted thesis.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 48, 1; 191-207
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Access to a Lawyer for Suspects at the Police Station and During Detention Proceedings
Autorzy:
Markiewicz, Tymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
directive
right to a lawyer
arrest
detention
Opis:
Directive 2013/48/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer lays down minimum standards concerning access to a lawyer for suspects and the accused in criminal proceedings, as well as persons subject to the European arrest warrant proceedings. The present article focus on the subject of access to a lawyer at the earliest stage of criminal proceedings – in connection with arrest as well as during proceedings concerning the use of pre-trial detention. Author analyzes in sequence: subjective scope of the right to a lawyer, the right to a lawyer for the person deprived of liberty, confidentiality of communications between the person deprived of liberty and their lawyer. The main statement is that Poland does not meet that standard.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 41, 2; 129-151
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Access to a Lawyer in Proceedings for Minor Offences Under Polish and European Union Law
Autorzy:
Bień-Węgłowska, Iwona Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915729.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
access to a lawyer
right of defence
directive 2013/48/eu
ex-officio defence counsel
directive 2016/1919/eu.
Opis:
The Article deals with the opportunity for a suspected person and the passive party in the proceedings for offences to exercise the right of access to a lawyer and the right of legal counsel. The aim of the article is to provide a comparative legal analysis of the provisions of the Code of Procedure in Minor Offences against the background of the EU guarantees under Directives 2013/48/EU and 2016/1919/EU. Directive 2013/48/EU deals with one of the two aspects of the aforementioned right: namely the right of access to a lawyer for suspects and accused persons in criminal proceedings, while the right to legal aid and to state-guaranteed legal assistance in certain circumstances is regulated by Directive 2016/1919/EU.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 41, 2; 175-196
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Directive on Work-Life Balance for Parents and Carers in the Context of Human Resources Problems in the Polish Public Administration
Autorzy:
Łukaszuk, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43538227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
work-life balance
public administration
human resources
EU directive
Opis:
This article attempts to present and assess the adequacy of the solutions in the directive on work-life balance for parents and carers in the context of the problems and challenges faced by the Polish public administration in human resource management. The directive’s solutions are analyzed from the perspective of post-pandemic reality, demography, changes in the structure of society and equality, and growing numbers and activation of women in the labor market. An example of applying the WLB policy in the Polish civil service was also presented.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2024, 56, 1; 83-118
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protection of The Wolf in The International and European Union Legal Systems
Autorzy:
Sobieraj, Kamila
Zacharczuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
EU law
protection of the wolf
Habitats Directive
Bern Convention
Opis:
This publication attempts to present comprehensively the principal legal acts that oblige the EU and all its Member States to secure favourable conservation status of the wolf population, as well as international legal acts regarding that issue . It also emphasizes the obligation to protect the ecological continuity between the places these carnivores inhabit . It should be pointed out that the existing publica-tions on the EU and international wolf protection regulations are limited to the two undoubtedly most important acts: the Bern Convention and the Habitats Directive .
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2016, 24, 1; 89-100
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal solutions of lake monitoring systems in Poland in compliance with the Water Framework Directive
Autorzy:
Zębek, Elżbieta Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Water Framework Directive
legal solutions
monitoring system
lake ecological status
Opis:
The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC is considered a very modern strategy of water management in the EU. The purpose is to establish a framework for the protection of inland surface waters by preventing further deterioration and protecting the condition of aquatic ecosystems, as well as increasing the protection and improvement of the condition of the aquatic environment by limiting emissions and losses of priority substances. It was considered that changes in the water law in Poland during the process of implementing the guidelines of the Water Framework Directive may have contributed to widening and strengthening the monitoring system of lakes and changes in their quality, especially their ecological state. This article aims to determine the changes in legal regulations in the field of water quality/ecologically state of lakes in Poland as a result of the implementation of the WFD. The EC reports indicate that some requirements are too rigorous and complicated for Member States to implement. Water monitoring was significantly expanded and modernised which lead to improvement of lake water quality in Poland. The five-grade ecological status of lake waters and standardised biological indicators were introduced. It was highlighted that the improvement of the WFD implementation process allowed for more effective water management and the development of effective strategies for the protection of lakes in Poland and other EU countries.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 49, 2; 173-201
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Whistleblowing jako przejaw ochrony interesu publicznego
Whistleblowing as Form of Public Interest Protection
Autorzy:
Hołda-Wydrzyńska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33574185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Whistleblowing
whistleblower
Whistleblower Directive
Sygnalista
sygnalizacja
dyrektywa o ochronie sygnalistów
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest omówienie zjawiska sygnalizacji (tzw. whistleblowing), czyli idei anonimowego zgłaszania w interesie publicznym informacji o nieprawidłowościach mających miejsce wewnątrz organizacji przez osobę, która jest lub była jej członkiem, w kontekście konfliktu wartości jaki zachodzi z punktu widzenia swobody prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej. Rozważania prowadzone są z uwzględnieniem przyjętej dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2019/1937 z dnia 23 października 2019 r. w sprawie ochrony osób zgłaszających naruszenia prawa Unii Europejskiej, zwanej dyrektywą o ochronie sygnalistów, a także polskich regulacji prawnych.
The purpose of this article is to discuss the institution of whistleblowing, i.e. the idea of anonymous reporting in the public interest of irregularities taking place inside an organization by a person who is or was a member of the organization, in the context of the conflict of values that occurs from the point of view of the freedom to conduct business. The considerations are carried out taking into account the adopted Directive 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law, also called the Whistleblower Directive, as well as Polish regulations.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny; 2023, 1; 137-150
1898-2166
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawno-Ekonomiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Translating and Interpreting the Letter of Rights
Autorzy:
Klip, André
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40455089.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Directive 2012/13
Letter of Rights
defendant’s right to fair trial
translation
Opis:
This article focuses on the implementation of Directive 2012/13 on the Right to Information with reference to foreigners arrested in the Member State of the EU. In particular, the Author analyses whether foreigners provided with a Letter of Rights receive the same information despite their handicap of not understanding the language. Special attention is given to how the Netherlands and Poland deal with the Letter of Rights for foreigners. The picture that emerges concerning foreigners is that providing them with a Letter of Rights in their language is seriously handicapped in almost all aspects: the timing (availability), the linguistic quality, the accessibility and simplicity. This situation creates severe risks concerning the right to a fair trial for foreigners. They may not invoke rights because they do not know them. They may not come to their own trial because they did not understand.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 54, 3; 73-88
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS AS A FACET OF SUBSTANTIVE UNFAIRNESS OF CONSUMER CONTRACT TERMS IN THE PRACTICE OF POLISH COURTS
Autorzy:
Sitnik, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
substantive unfairness
Directive 93/13
unfair terms
consumer contracts
Polish case law
Polish courts
Opis:
It is trite law and a common cliché reiterated in the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union that the economic situation of a consumer subjected to a purportedly unfair consumer contract clause is generally impertinent. This general tenet of the European regulation of unfair terms in consumer contractsis borne out particularly by Article 4(2) of Council Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts, under which assessment of the unfair nature of a term shall not encompass an inquiry into the adequacy of the price and remuneration, on the one hand, as against the services or goodssupplies in exchange, on the other, in so far as these terms are in plain intelligible language. Despite this seemingly bold orientation towards the formal side of the unfairness assessment, efforts have been made to inject into the judicial exercise of discretion a degree of consideration of the economic standing and interests of both the consumer and the trader involved in the particular dispute at hand. This has been done primarily by reference to the “significant imbalance” requirement pursuant to Article 3(1) of the Directive. The paper reviews an extensive crosssection of judgments handed down in Polish courts based upon the Polish transposition of the Unfair Terms Directive to show that the courts have on numerous occasions ventured outside the boundaries delineated by traditional legal analysis (even beyond the flexible bounds of purposive interpretation) to scrutinize the size and gravity of the economic burden the term under scrutiny is liable to impose upon the consumer relative to its economic strength on the market.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2018, 34, 3; 59-83
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effective Access to Defence Counsel in the Judicial Stage of Polish Criminal Proceedings in the Scope of Directives 2013/48/EU and 2016/1919/EU
Autorzy:
Zbiciak, Adrian Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915189.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
access to a defence counsel
ex officio lawyer
court proceedings
EU directive
implementation in Polish law
Opis:
The article analyses certain regulations of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure regarding the right of the accused to access to a defence counsel, limited to the stage of proceedings before a court, in the context of the provisions of two EU legal acts regarding this issue: Directive 2013/48/EU and Directive 2016/1919/EU. The provisions of the Polish CCP give the opportunity to maintain the standard of Directive 2013/48. However the problem may occure when there is an ex officio defense counsel appointed and the court would decide to proceed in his/her absence. As for the standard arising from Directive 2016/1919, Polish provisions regarding the stage of judicial proceedings meet the European standard to an even higher than minimum level. The only significant problem may arise from the obligation to submit an application for the appointment of an ex officio defence counsel within a specified period, but still thanks to specific solutions provided in Polish CCP, the standard of 2016 Directive is implemented.
Artykuł analizuje niektóre przepisy polskiego Kodeksu postępowania karnego dotyczące prawa oskarżonego do dostępu do obrońcy, ograniczonego do etapu postępowania przed sądem, w kontekście przepisów dwóch aktów prawnych UE dotyczących tej kwestii: Dyrektywy 2013/48/UE i Dyrektywy 2016/1919/UE. Przepisy polskiego k.p.k. co do zasady spełniają standard Dyrektywy 2013/48. Pewien problem może wystąpić w sytuacji, gdy wyznaczony jest obrońca z urzędu, a sąd zdecyduje się prowadzić postępowanie pod jego nieobecność. Nawet co do tej kwestii przepisy dają możliwość procedowania zgodnie ze standardem unijnym. Jeśli chodzi o wymogi wynikające z Dyrektywy 2016/1919, polskie przepisy dotyczące etapu postępowania sądowego spełniają normę unijną nawet w poziomie wyższym, niż minimalny. Jedyny znaczący problem może wynikać z obowiązku złożenia wniosku o wyznaczenie obrońcy z urzędu w wściśle określonym terminie, nadal jednak dzięki konkretnym rozwiązaniom gwarancyjnym przewidzianym w polskim k.p.k. standard Dyrektywy 2016/1919 jest zachowany.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 41, 2; 153-174
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mandatory Mediation in Family Disputes – An Emerging Trend in the European Union?
Autorzy:
Korsakovienė, Indrė
Branimirova Radanova, Julija
Tvaronavičienė, Agnė
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40278081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
family dispute
family mediation
Mediation Directive
mandatory mediation
categorical mandatory mediation
discretional mandatory mediation
quasi-mandatory mediation
Opis:
The Mediation Directive (2008) obliged the Member States of the European Union to promote the use of mediation through their own means. A decade later, the results of several studies revealed that national efforts to foster mediation were not as effective as planned in most cases. Despite some scholars’ concerns about restricting mediation voluntariness as means for increasing its application, Italy introduced a mandatory mediation scheme which proved that forcing parties to mediate results in high numbers of mediation procedures with favorable success rates. This led other Member States to reconsider the role of the State in fostering mediation. This article tackles the prevalence of mandatory mediation in family disputes, as an area widely recognized as most suitable for it. The co-authors raised the research question of whether the introduction of mandatory mediation in family disputes is an emerging trend in the European Union. A short overview of the mandatory mediation concept and the existing doctrinal models was presented as a theoretical background of this research. Based on the review of the scientific literature, four prevailing models were identified and briefly described. Secondly, the map of mandatory mediation within the European Union was updated with the latest data collected from the most recent legislative amendments and testimonies of the corresponding national mediation experts. Thirdly, a brief examination of the current mandatory mediation models in the Member States was conducted. The in-depth analysis of the obtained results shows that introducing mandatory mediation in family disputes is a prevailing trend in fostering mediation in the European Union. Consequently, it was identified that the variety of implemented models went far beyond the existing doctrinal classification, which needs to be reconsidered by future research in this field.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 53, 2; 67-99
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Access to a Lawyer for a Suspect at Early Stage of Criminal Proceedings and Its Participation in Investigative Acts
Autorzy:
Dzierżanowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
access to a defence counsel
participation of a defence counsel in evidentiary activities
European Union directive
preparatory proceedings
Opis:
This elaboration is dedicated to analysis of access to a lawyer for a suspect at early stage of criminal proceedings in Polish criminal law in the light of directive 2013/48/EU. In particular, it emphasises the suspects right of access to  a lawyer during identity parade, confrontation and reconstruction of the scene of a crime. It considers whether the applicable legal provisions of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure ensure, above all, appropriate scope of the right of the defence for the suspected person in view of the indicated evidentiary activities and whether this scope corresponds to the standards designated by the European Union directive 2013/48/EU.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 41, 2; 109-127
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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