Temat: exhaust toxicity - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel exhausts
Autorzy:: Janicka, A.
Walkowiak, W.
Tkaczyk, M.
Czarny, A.
Zaczyńska, E.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245718.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
exhaust toxicity
Opis:: The paper presents results of analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration and toxicity emitted from 1,9 TDI self-ignition. Because of unstable parameters of self-ignition engine work (pressure and temperature jumps), PAHs were extracted from two phases: gas phase and solid phase (particle matter - PM). A chromatographic method (Capillary gas Chromatography) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons identification and analysis, because of their low level of concentration in exhaust gases, needed to be supported by sample purification and enrichment stages. Calibration of the chromatograph was made by attested mixture of 16 model samples (according to EPA, USA). Two different methods for toxicity estimation was used in this researches. The authors used relative carcinogenic coefficients (RCC) which was determined by Nisbet and LaGoy for individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to benzo(a)pirene. Samples consist PAHs was also tested for cytotoxicity in standardized cell-culture system (human cell line A549, mouse fibroblasts line cell L929). Cell growth, cell morphology and cell viability were used as parameters to determine the cytotoxicity of the materials. The measure the lethality effect on cells was determined spectrophotometrically with the use of a mitochondrial enzyme activity assay for mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). Cells were exposed to the biomaterials for 24, 72 and 120 h. The results of in vitro tests are discussible. A lach of correlation between toxicity measurement methods which was used in these researches was observed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 195-199
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: The impact of active ceramic coating implementation on gasoline engine exhaust toxicity
Autorzy:: Janicka, A. B.
Walkowiak, W.
Sobianowska-Turek, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243998.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: inner catalyst
exhaust toxicity
internal combustion engine
exhausts toxicity
Opis:: One of the ways for toxic emissions reduction from internal combustion engines, beside external Exhaust purification systems and alternative fuels, is direct intervention into engine combustion process. The inner catalyst application, in form of ceramic active coating applied inside of combustion chamber, is one of the examples of that kind of solution. The application of active coating inside of a compression-ignition engine (diesel engine) may have an important impact on several stages of combustion process: fuel cracking, fore-flame phase, combustion phase and secondary combustion phase. Investigations of such construction are very rare in the literature. The paper presents the results of the researches which aim was analysis of inner catalyst application impact on toxic emissions. As a catalyst platinum and rhodium was used. As a catalyst support and local thermal barrier a zirconium ceramic coating was used. The catalyst was located on the gasoline engine valves surface. The research was done in Emission Research Laboratory of the Division of Motor Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engines. The analysis was done according to European standard (EN ISO 16017-1: 2006) on gas chromatograph (Yarian 450 GC) equipped in capillary column and flame-ionization detector (FID). The results of the researches proofed effectiveness of that solution on toxic emissions limitation.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 149-154
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Research on influence of selected control parameters of the injection system marine diesel engine on its exhaust gas toxicity
Autorzy:: Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246698.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: ship diesel engine
injection system
heavy fuel oil
control parameters
exhaust gas toxicity
Opis:: This paper devoted to pollution of the atmosphere due marine diesel engines in operation. In the paper presented are results of the investigations carried out in the Gdynia Maritime Academy laboratory with the use of a ship diesel engine, one-cylinder, two-stroke, crosshead of longitudinal scavenging, which was loaded by means of the water brake. This diesel engine combusting heavy fuel oil IF 40. The test-involved effect of two selected control parameters of fuel injection system ship diesel engine: fuel injection pressure and injection advance angle. Both selected control parameters were changed during the experiment separately, each of them three times. And so: changing the fuel injection pressure - for three selected values: 18, 22 and 26 MPa; changing the fuel injection advance angle - for three selected values: -10 centigrade, -13 centigrade and -16 centigrade before the piston's top dead centre (BTDC). The measurements were performed within the wide range of engine load at the permanent rotational speed of 220 rpm. For each of the above selected values six measurements were performed at the following engine loads: 25%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% nominal loads. Control parameters to change the injection pump and injector engine, during operation of the engine, by means of a supplementary-scaled instrumentation of the injector and injection pump. Owing to this is was not necessary to stop the engine before each successive test cycle. This way of realization of the measurements guaranteed running them in steady conditions. The elimination of influence of possible disturbances witch could arise from multiple starting and stopping the engine improved accuracy and reliability of the obtained results.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 551-556
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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