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Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
Tytuł:
PN-emissions with increased lube oil consumption of GDI car with/without GPF
Autorzy:
Czerwinski, J.
Comte, P.
Güdel, M.
Kurzwart, M.
Mayer, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
PN-emissions
road transport
combustion engine
air pollution
environmental protection
normy emisji
transport drogowy
silnik spalinowy
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
ochrona środowiska
Opis:
The particle number (PN) emissions are increasingly considered in the progressing exhaust gas legislation for onand off- road vehicles. The invisible nanoparticles penetrate like a gas into the living organisms and cause several health hazards. The present paper shows how the PN- and gaseous emissions of a modern GDI (Abbreviations see at the end of this paper) vehicle change, when there is an in-creased lube oil consumption. What are the potentials of a gasoline particle filter to reduce the emissions? The lube oil consumption was simulated by mixing 2% vol. lube oil into the fuel. A non-coated GPF was mounted at tailpipe, so only the filtration effects were indicated. The tests were performed at transient (WLTC) and at stationary (SSC) operating conditions. It has been shown that the increased lube oil consumption significantly increases the PN-emissions and the applied high quality GPF eliminates these emissions very efficiently.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 102-112
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The environmental and social costs of the intermodal transport of semi-trailers by rail
Autorzy:
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Czerwinski, J.
Andrzejewski, M.
Daszkiewicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
railway
intermodal transport
semi-trailer
environmental costs
social costs
Opis:
The dynamic development of transport recorded in recent decades is an important factor in the economic development of the world on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is a significant source of nuisance and environmental problems. The adverse impact of transport can be felt both in the natural environment and in society, where the dynamic development of this sector has enabled significant civilization development, with the effects varying depending on the level of economic development, the degree of advancement and use of the various transport sectors, geographical location (including climate), and also the sensitivity of the elements of the environment. Considering contemporary transport hazards, it is important to prevent them from occurring, and when that is not possible – limiting their impact on the environment and reducing the scale and extent of negative impacts. In the article, the environmental and social nuisance of transport of goods loaded in semitrailers was analysed. The transport of semitrailers using intermodal wagons pulled by the diesel locomotive in accordance with the assumptions adopted in the railway with the maximum length of train composition was taken into account.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 199-201
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improvement of air quality in vehicle cabins by nanoparticle filtration
Autorzy:
Burtscher, H.
Mayer, A.
Loretz, S.
Keller, A.
Kasper, M.
Czerwinski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vehicle
ecology
filtration system
nanoparticles
Opis:
A filter system is presented which allows the reduction of the concentration of ultrafine particles in vehicle cabins to very low levels. The original ventilation system is switched to the recirculation mode and all cabin intake air is supplied via a retrofitted filter system. Tests with a variety of different vehicles (from passenger cars to coaches) show the efficiency of the system. Filters incorporated in present ventilation systems remove large particles, for example pollen, but usually are inefficient for removing very small particles. This is demonstrated by Fig. l, where the particle number concentration outside and inside a car is plotted during a journey near Zurich. It is obvious that the concentrations inside and outside are more or less identical. All windows were closed during this measurement. Tests with a number ofdifferent all cars showed similar results. The filters included in today 's ventilation systems usually cannot remove nanoparticles, and so vehicle cabin indoor and outdoor nanoparticle concentrations are more or less identical. The nanocleaner, consisting of a very effident filter and a high performance blower, allows reduction of the particle concentration in the cabin from several hundreds of thousands or millions per cc. to a few thousand per cc., equivalent to remote woodland, the total exposed dose being reduced by some two orders of magnitude.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 79-88
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air quality filtration in vehicle cabins
Autorzy:
Burtscher, H.
Mayer, A.
Loretz, S.
Keller, A.
Kasper, M.
Czerwinski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242450.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
vehicles
nanoparticle
cabine filtration
Opis:
A filter system is presented which allows the reduction of the concentration of ultrafine particles in vehicle cabins to very low levels. The original ventilation system is switched to the recirculation mode and all cabin intake air is supplied via a retro fitted filter system. Tests with a variety of different vehicles (from passenger cars to coaches) show the efficiency of the system. Number concentration of particles inside and outside a car, the nanoparticle filtration system, fllter-efficiency: transmission for the new filter and for the filter loaded to apressure drop of 2.9 mbar, setup of the filter with integrated prefilter for course particles and blower, prototype of the filter system, main filter, prefilter and blower are included the system operated by an external control box, containing the drive electronics for the blower and displays for filter pressure drop and time meter, filter pressure drop as function of operating time in a highly polluted road tunnel, a possible solution to mount the filter system, particle concentration inside and outside the car (passenger car), concentration drops to very low levels, particle concentration inside and outside a passenger car with the filter turned on, two nanocleaner filter systems mounted in a school bus, filter system for buses installed in the luggage compartment are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 59-69
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Particle filter test procedure and quality standard for diesel engines
Autorzy:
Mayer, A.
Czerwinski, J.
Kasper, M.
Leutert, G.
Heeb, N.
Ulrich, A.
Jaussi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
diesel engines
particle filters
quality air standards
air pollution
Opis:
A new approach is needed to test particle filters for retrofitting Diesel engines. Considering the toxicity of the particles as also the physical and chemical attributes of particle filters, the optimal scheme is to test the components themselves independent of the deployment. That scheme ensures the highest effectiveness with least effort. It also enables evaluation of worst-case situations and assesses the hazards of secondary emissions. The Swiss standard SNR 277 205, which mandates the VERT test procedure, is a first step in that direction. Occupational health specialists have studied the toxicity of ultraflne particles for more than 100 years. Extremely toxic are the particles intruding into the lung. Larger particles, which are always naturally present, are intercepted in the upper respiratory paths. The body then expels these larger particles rapidly via the mucus and cilia. The new manmade particles less-than l mi m, however massively intrude into the fine pulmonary alveoli, which do not have the cleansing mechanism. The targeted efficiencies for evaluating modern filters are evident from the progress achieved. Many filters have filtration rates exceeding 99.9%, albeit the directives [4] only require 97%.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 305-314
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vert particle filter test procedure and quality standard for new and in-use diesel engines
Autorzy:
Mayer, A.
Czerwinski, J.
Kasper, M.
Leutert, G.
Heeb, N. V.
Ulrich, A.
Jaussi, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247808.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
internal combustion engines
diesel engines
ecology
filters
particulates
Opis:
A new approach is needed to test particle filters for retrofitting Diesel engines. Considering the toxicity of the particles as also the physical and chemical attributes of particle filters, the optimal scheme is to test the components themselves independent of the deployment. That scheme ensures the highest effectiveness with least effort. It also enables evaluation of worst-case situations and assesses the hazards of secondary emissions. The Swiss standard SNR 277 205, which mandates the VERT test procedure, is a first step in that direction. The solution is derived from the physics of the filter media. The filtration of fine particles essentially depends on the particle size and the space velocity. The attributes of the emitting engine are only insignificantly relevant. Hence the physics and chemistry of particle filters can be investigated independent of the engine and its deployment duty. This concept facilitates a very thorough investigation of the size-dependent filtration, aging susceptibility, secondary emissions and extreme situations. Filter systems, which pass this detailed test, perform equally well in every retrofit configuration. This filter test concept was implemented 1998 in the VERT project and is successful for assessing retrofltting [4]. VERT approved fllter systems are already deployed in the Low Emission Zones of Europe, North and South America.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 313-322
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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