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Tytuł:
Start-up and acceleration control of the turbine engine with the detonation combustion chamber
Autorzy:
Balicki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turbine engine
combustion chamber
rotating detonation engine (RDE)
start-up control
Opis:
This article presents the results of tests of helicopter turbine engine, where the classic combustion chamber was replaced with an innovative solution. In this chamber instead of the classic combustion deflagration, was generated a rotating detonation. Theoretical considerations expected to get a higher engine efficiency, because as the thermodynamic Fickett-Jacobs cycle, which can describe the working principle turbine engine detonation chamber, has a higher efficiency than a Brayton cycle, according to which the engines of conventional chamber are working. The appearance of detonation combustion was diagnosed basing on observation of the gas pressure flue in the chamber, using piezoelectric sensors. Before the detonation chamber was used in turbine engine, a series of problems on the various methods of initiation of detonation process and the procedures for controlling the flow rate into the chamber of air and fuel were solved. There was a test stand constructed, which used a helicopter turbine engine GTD-350, wherein the jugs combustion chamber was replaced with detonation chamber. A control system for the flow of fuel in the combustion chamber was developed: aviation kerosene Jet-A1 with addition of hydrogen. With its use obtained unfailing starts of chamber, also the engine running on the idle and on the flight range and accelerations at idle range to flight range. The possibility of the detonation combustion for a long time, especially in transient states - practically limited only by the capacity of fuel tanks – is the achievement of the research team.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 21-27
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cold start control of the SI engine supplied with hydrogen
Sterowanie rozruchem silnika zasilanego wodorem
Autorzy:
Borecki, D.
Jantos, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
emisja substancji szkodliwych
zimny rozruch
paliwa
emission
cold start
alternative fuel
Opis:
In a day when stockpiles of petroleum are finishing and exhaust norm are getting more and more restricted very important thing in new vehicles is the environment protection. Many researches are led in the range of emission of harmful substances limitation. As is well known the combustion engine produce the largest part of harmful substances during start and transitional phases. One of the methods which could improve this threat is using of heated catalytic converters. In this paper other method is presented-additional fuel circuit. Thanks to this installation ignition phase is realized when a vehicle is hydrogen fuelled. This paper initial research of cold start using gasoline and hydrogen is presented. All measurements was prepared in the same conditions and theirs results are graphically presented. The use of the additional feed system with the gas- start fuel improves indicators of engine work. The use of the start fuel gives the considerable reduction of the concentration of injurious compounds in exhausts gases. The use of hydrogen as a start fuel and the feed system with weak fuel-air mixture permits to limit losses of pumping which at feed system petrol comes up to 40% during idle work of the engine. The hydrogen feed directly before switch of the engine is necessary.
W dobie kończących się zasobów ropy naftowej oraz rygorystycznych norm emisji spalin w najnowszych modelach samochodów osobowych bardzo dużą wagę przywiązuje się do zagadnień związanych z ochroną środowiska. Poszukiwane są rozwiązania pozwalające na obniżenie emisji substancji szkodliwych. Jak wiadomo silnik spalinowy charakteryzuje największa emisja podczas rozruchu i w fazach przejściowych. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję obniżenia emisji substancji szkodliwych podczas rozruchu zimnego silnika poprzez zastosowanie dodatkowej instalacji paliwowej. Zastosowano rozwiązanie oparte na rozruchu zimnego silnika przy zasilaniu wodorem. Osiągnięto znaczną redukcję emisji substancji szkodliwych w pierwszej fazie pracy silnika. Dokonano porównania wyników pomiarów emisji przy zasilaniu benzyną oraz sprężonym wodorem. W celu uzyskania wiarygodnych wyników pomiary powtórzono wielokrotnie. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w takich samych warunkach a ich wyniki przedstawiono w formie graficznej. Zastosowanie wodoru jako paliwa rozruchowego przt zasilanie ubogą mieszanką pozwala ograniczyć straty pompowania, które przy zasilaniu benzyną dochodzą do 40% pracy indykowanej podczas pracy na biegu jałowym. Zasilanie wodorem bezpośrednio przed zatrzymaniem pracy silnika jest konieczne.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 31-37
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method of automotive engine life forcasting on the basis of laboratory start- ups test
Autorzy:
Koszałka, G.
Niewczas, A.
Kordos, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
cylinder liner
life estimation
start-ups
wear
Opis:
The results of previously conducted research shows that in the case of automotive engines wear accompanying engine start-ups has significant contribution to the total wear of cylinder liner. Thus, it was assumed that wear of the liner measured after high number of start-ups can be representative for given conditions of engine operation in the vehicle and can be used to forecast engine life. The paper describes a new method of automotive engine durability prediction on the basis of wear measured after so called start-ups test. The start-ups test consists of series of repeatable cycles during which engine is started-up in precisely established temperature and operates for short time with no load and then is shut down and cooled down. To conduct the new test it is indispensable to obtain data regarding start-up conditions. But these data can be precisely determined on the basis of simple measurements made on any existing engine installed in a vehicle used in expected way. Moreover, the cost of the new test is significantly lower (minimal fuel consumption, engine does not have to be installed on dynamometer stand) and duration is shorter than in the case of standard tests. Considering advantages of the new start-ups test, it can be recommended as a part of the test stand reliability research of automotive engines. The developed method is simple and short and can be a complementary one to existing standard reliability research methods.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 207-215
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examinations of the influence of heating up the catalytic reactor on the toxic exhaust gases component emission during a cold start-up
Autorzy:
Koliński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244128.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
engine start-up
emission
catalytic reactor
Opis:
This article presents the results of the tests of catalytic reduction of carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission during the self-ignition engine start-up. The tests were performed at the station in the climate chamber at lowered ambient temperatures: -7 ,-15 and -20 °C. A heated three-function platinum-palladium catalytic reactor with a metal monolith was used in the tests. The test methodology included a measurement of toxic exhaust gases concentration upstream and downstream the catalytic reactor at simultaneous measurement of the start-up parameters and measurement of temperatures in selected engine and catalytic reactor locations. A period of the cold engine start-up is characterized by a relatively high carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission. The level of that emissions increases as the ambient temperature gets lower. As a result of the tests the influence of heating up the reactor on its operation during the self-ignition engine start-up was identified. Carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission during the start-up period can be reduced by initial heating up the catalytic reactor before the start-up by means of an electric heater. When heating up the reactor surface up to 40°C at ambient temperature of-7°C, CO concentration can be reduced by 60...80% and the hydrocarbon concentration can be reduced by app. 60% on the average.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 255-264
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Researches of noxious components of exhaust gases conversion occurs in catalytic converter during a start-up of compression ignition engine in lowered temperature
Autorzy:
Koliński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244570.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
engine start-up
catalytic reactor
testing station
carbon
hydrocarbon
Opis:
This article presents the results of the tests of catalytic reduction of carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission during the self-ignition engine start-up. The tests were performed at the station in the climate chamber at lowered ambient temperatures: –7 ,-15 and –20 centigrade. A heated three-function platinum-palladium catalytic reactor with a metal monolith was used in the tests. The test methodology included a measurement of toxic fume concentraction upstream and downstream the catalytic reactor at simultaneous measurement of the start-up parameters and measurement of temperatures in selected engine and catalytic reactor locations. A period of the cold engine start-up is characterized by a relatively high carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission. The level of that emissions increases as the ambient temperature gets lower. As a result of the tests the influence of heating up the reactor on its operation during the selfignition engine start-up was identified.Carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission during the start-up period can be reduced by initial heating up the catalytic reactor before the start-up by means of an electric heater. When heating up the reactor surface up to 400 centigrade at ambient temperature of –7 centigrade, CO concentration can be reduced by 80...90 per cent and the hydrocarbon concentration can be reduced by app. 70 per cent on the average.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 253-262
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Work study catalytic converter during starting a cold engine
Autorzy:
Koliński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
engine start-up
catalytic reactor
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of the problems associated with the catalytic reduction of emissions in a diesel engine in cold start. The tests were performed at the station in the climate chamber at lowered ambient temperatures: -7, -15 and -20oC. A heated three-function platinum-palladium catalytic reactor with a metal monolith was used in the tests. The test methodology included a measurement of toxic fume concentraction upstream and downstream the catalytic reactor at simultaneous measurement of the start-up parameters and measurement of temperatures in selected engine and catalytic reactor locations. A period of the cold engine start-up is characterized by a relatively high carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission. The level of that emissions increases, as the ambient temperature gets lower. As a result of the tests the influence of heating up the reactor on its operation during the self-ignition engine start-up was identified.Carbon oxide and hydrocarbon emission during the start-up period can be reduced by initial heating up the catalytic reactor before the start-up by means of an electric heater. When heating up the reactor surface up to 400oC at ambient temperature of -7oC, CO concentration can be reduced by 80...90% and the hydrocarbon concentration can be reduced by app. 70% on the average.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 157-166
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dependence of the toxic components exhaust emission from the car engine starting temperature
Autorzy:
Kneba, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246932.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CO and HC emission
engine cold start
Opis:
Toxic ingredients at cold start rise dramatically comparing to hot start. Car operation in urban area is characterized by short rides and different time stops. Engine cooling effect of change in both the combustion conditions, the preparation of combustible mixture and the change in engine control algorithm is presented. The aim of this study was to increase the experimental finding toxins in exhaust emissions when cold and warm start the engine. Measurements were conducted after natural cooled vehicle engine when parked car. Graphs of toxic emissions especially CO and HC at different temperatures start-up are presented. Work is aimed at designing algorithms for control of a preheating before and during the start-up. The significant impact of oxygen sensor delay time was proved experimentally. The biggest impact on reducing the toxic emissions in the exhaust when starting the engine is not warmed-up delay switching to the oxygen concentration sensor in the exhaust. This delay is caused by warm-up the sensor to a temperature of about 250 °C. To determine whether this delay is very short which would undermine the sense of indicating the effect of the heating fluid to the emission of toxins on the voltage sensor measured oxygen concentration after cold start. However, not only sensor is responsible for very high cold start toxic emissions. Equally important is the thermal state ofthe engine. The big increase in toxic gases emissions is especially in low range temperatures of engine parts and fluids.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 203-208
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of ability of machines with hydraulic drive during start-up in low ambient temperatures
Autorzy:
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
hydraulic machines
hydraulic drives
diagnostics
hydraulic systems
Opis:
Combustion processes of liquid fuels are more complicated than gases fuels ones. With reference to liquid fuels appear additionally fuel vaporization processes and e.g. with reference to solid fuels - decomposition of the solid phase with processes melting, vaporization, pyrolysis, or gasification. Those processes demand a lot of heat, go ahead slow down than processes in gas phase. The influence of the gases pressure on combustion of liquid and solid fuels, where controlling processes are processes decomposition of these phases, is more complicated and fundamentally differs from the influence of the pressure on combustion processes of gases fuels. The influence is characterized to these that pressurization decreases the intensity decomposition both the liquid phase, and solid one. In the paper assumptions to a model of the combustion process and the model of combustion processes of liquid fuels are presented. Research of the atomization process, ignition and combustion with the using of the LDV and PDPA Doppler laser-equipment and PIV are presented in the paper. Research results of the atomized fuel spray concerning droplet diameters, research result of the atomized fuel spray concerning linear and volumetric dropletlet dispersion, Rosin-Rammler dependences, and results of the analysis of the combustion rate are presented in the paper. On combustion rate of liquid fuels, the essential influence has a kind (laminar, transient and turbulent) and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer around the fuel droplet.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 217-228
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuel feed to diesel at a start regime
Autorzy:
Fedyanov, E.
Slavuckiy, V.
Kanygin, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246126.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
starting duty
features of process of giving
nozzle valve lifting
injection pressure
transients
cyclic fuel delivery
Opis:
Some factors defining starting properties of diesel engines are considered. Features of process of fuel feed on a starting mode are analyzed. Basic possibility of steering by processes of mixture forming and combustion is proved at a small speed of a crankshaft. Developed a design procedure of process of fuel feed in a diesel engine at a start regime. On the basis of the theory of transients in a fuel system, the reasons of deterioration of indicators of fuel feed process are explained at a start regime of diesel engine. Possibilities of a method of increase of initial pressure in a delivery highway by prostrating scrolling of a crankshaft with idle spray jets are investigated. The method of intensification of fuel feed process patented by authors used in diesel engine at a start regime. The results of numerical experiments confirming improvement of indicators of process of injection at high-speed speeding up of the pump of a high pressure are resulted: Increase maximum and an average pressure, cutting-down of duration of fuel feed process. The paper concentrates on possibility of improving fuel fed process at the starting regime by means of high speed forcing the fuel pump and the initial pressure rising by an earlier camshaft rotation with out of work injectors.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 111-116
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ecological problems of ignition of the engine
Ekologiczne problemy rozruchu silnika
Autorzy:
Borecki, D.
Jantos, J.
Hetmańczyk, I.
Malewicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
emisja substancji szkodliwych
zimny rozruch
paliwa alternatywne
emission
cold start
alternative fuel
Opis:
W dobie kończących się zasobów ropy naftowej oraz rygorystycznych norm emisji spalin w najnowszych modelach samochodów osobowych bardzo dużą wagę przywiązuje się do zagadnień związanych z ochronąśrodowiska. Poszukiwane są rozwiązania pozwalające na obniżenie emisji substancji szkodliwych. Jak wiadomo silnik spalinowy charakteryzuje największa emisja podczas rozruchu i w fazach przejściowych. Jednym ze sposobów zaradzenia tej sytuacji jest stosowanie podgrzewanych dopalaczy katalitycznych. W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję obniżenia emisji substancji szkodliwych podczas rozruchu zimnego silnika poprzez zastosowanie dodatkowej instalacji paliwowej. Zastosowano rozwiązanie oparte na rozruchu zimnego silnika przy zasilaniu sprężonym gazem ziemnym. Osiągnięto znaczną redukcję emisji substancji szkodliwych w pierwszej fazie pracy silnika. Dokonano porównania wyników pomiarów emisji przy zasilaniu benzyną oraz sprężonym gazem ziemnym. W celu uzyskania wiarygodnych wyników pomiary powtórzono wielokrotnie a rozrzut wyników w początkowej fazie powiązano z momentem zapłonu. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w takich samych warunkach, a ich, wyniki przedstawiono w formie graficznej. W szczególności układ zasilania paliwem gazowym IV generacji stanowisko pomiarowe, stężenie CO, HC i nox podczas uruchamiania zimnego silnika zasilanego benzyną i CNG, stężenie średnie CO, HC i nox dla zasilania benzyną i CNG są prezentowane w artykule.
In a day when stockpiles of petroleum are finishing and exhaust norm are getting more and more restricted very important thing in new vehicles is the environment protection. Many researches are led in the range of emission of harmful substances limitation. As is well known the combustion engine produce the largest part of harmful substances during start and transitional phases. Idea of decreasing of emission of harmful compounds during cold start of the engine by the use of the additional fuel installation is presented in paper. One of the methods which could improve this threat is using of heated catalytic converters. In this paper other method is presented-additional fuel circuit. Thanks to this installation ignition phase is realized when a vehicle is compressed natural gas fuelled. This paper initial research of cold start using gasoline and compressed natural gas is presented. All measurements was prepared in the same conditions and theirs results are graphically presented. In particular the forth generation CNG fuel installation research stand, CO, HC and nox concentrations for fuelled engine with gasoline and CNG in cold start, average concentrations of CO, HC and nox for fuelled engine with gasoline and CNG are presented in the paper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 83-89
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Feasibility study of the electric power generation unit start-up using the three-phase synchronous generator with the AC exciter
Autorzy:
Racewicz, S.
Olejnik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
brushless synchronous generator
starter-generator machine
CHP system
Opis:
The article presents the feasibility study of using the three-phase synchronous generator with the AC exciter as a starter for the Fiat 0.9 TwinAir CNG 80 HP internal combustion engine. The investigated power generation unit consists of the above mentioned internal combustion engine which can be powered by a biogas and the three-phase electric power generator MeccAlte 16 kW with the AC exciter. The use of an electric generator for starting a combustion engine is an innovative approach, which eliminates the need for additional components like starter reducing the mass and the failure frequency of the device. Similar approaches have been already investigated by the aircraft manufacturers for starting the jet engines of the airliners and are widely used in the hybrid engines for vehicles. The field winding of the three-phase synchronous generator described in the paper is connected to the AC exciter via a rotating rectifier bridge. This solution eliminates the necessity of using slip rings and facilitates a voltage regulation of the generator. The authors of the paper analyse the technical and practical possibilities of using such a synchronous generator with the exciter as a starting motor by measuring its output power and starting torque. The economic aspects of such a solution for unit and mass production have been also considered.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 411-417
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of exhaust gas recirculation on the process of combustion in the self-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Ambrozik, T.
Kosno, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950109.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
diesel engine
start of combustion
nitrogen of oxides
Opis:
The paper compares the basic parameters of the process of combustion in the Fiat MultUet 1.3 SDE 90 KM with and without an exhaust gas recirculation system, running according to load characteristics with the following engine crankshaft rotational speeds: n=l200 ipm, 1750 rpm and 3000 rpm. During testing, the engine was supplied with commercial diesel oil. The tested engine was provided with external exhaust gas recirculation consisting in supplying a specific amount of exhaust gas back to the cylinder via an EGR electric solenoid valve. The exhaust gas delivered to the cylinder was cooled. Exhaust gas is composed of inert gases that do not take part in the combustion process. This causes, above all, a lower rate of pressure increase in the cylinder and a lower heat release rate. Thanks to exhaust gas recirculation, lower maximal temperatures prevail in the cylinder, and the engine's operation is "softer." During experimental testing, the variation of cylinder pressure and chamber pressure, the injector operation control current magnitude, effective power, torque and the hourly fuel consumption, as well as the exhaust gas recirculation rate. Actual indicator diagrams plotted were used for determining the heat release characteristics, based on which the percentage fractions of the burned out fuel charge injected during one engine running cycle namely 5, 10, 50 and 90% fractions were determined. In addition, the indicator indices were determined. The paper has demonstrated the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on the processes occurring inside the cylinder in the self ignition internal combustion engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 7-14
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of an aircraft engine start-up process on the example of the PZL-130 TC-II „Orlik” training aircraft
Autorzy:
Kowalski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244355.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diagnostics of aircraft engines
qualification tests of aircraft driving units
Opis:
The paper discloses the analysis of processes that take place during the start-up operation of the driving unit for the training aircraft of the TZL-130 TC-II Turbo-Orlik type. The aircraft is designed for selective and initial trainings at the Air Force School of “Little Eagles” in Dęblin. The driving unit comprises the PT6A-25C turbo-propeller engine from Pratt & Whitney combined with the four-bladed airscrew from Hatzell. It is specifically mentioned that data for the analysis were sourced from the S2-3a on-board recorder of flight parameters manufactured by the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT). The analysis was carried out both during ground and flight tests. The paper briefly outlines general structures and operation principles of typical start-up systems with the focus to their key components. Attention is paid to how important it is to select an appropriate start-up system to match the specific aircraft type and the guideline parameters for selection that should be adhered to are specified. Also there are disclosed the key mathematical relationships that are indispensable to design start-up systems and to find out their basic characteristics. It is emphasized that the start-up operation must be considered as a non-stationary process that lasts from the standstill state of the engine until the moment when the minimum required rpm is reached, sufficient to generate necessary power of the engine. In addition, the attention is paid to the fact that the value of the engine acceleration is crucial to the achievable start-up time that is deemed as one of key parameters for all start-up systems. It is demonstrated that to achieve the required level of acceleration, it is necessary to secure the so called overhead of the engine power which needs constant flow offuel and air into the combustion chamber of the engine. The last part of the paper comprises selected characteristic curves that were obtained from the analysis of the engine start-up processes both on ground and in flight. The final conclusions emphasize that the start-up system for the presented driving unit is really efficient and guarantees correct operation of the engine under any conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 177-189
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of changes of lubrication oil properties under the influence of frequent engine start-ups
Analiza zmian zachodzących w oleju silnikowym pod wpływem wielokrotnych rozruchów
Autorzy:
Ignaciuk, P.
Sarnowski, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
silniki spalinowe
smarowanie
olej
internal combustion engines
lubrication
oil
Opis:
The paper presents results of investigations of the TURDUS SHPD 15W/40 engine oil, which was used for the lubrication of the 4CT90 diesel engine produced by WSW Andoria, Poland. The engine was operated on the laboratory test stand prepared for the start-up investigation. Presented results are an example of the influence of the engine start-up on the degradation process of lubrication oil properties. Degradation of oil properties is a complex process. Its course is influenced by many factors like temperature, pressure, presence of oxygen, unburned fuel, water vapour, active species formed during fuel combustion, contaminations and products of wear. All these factors influence oil with various intensity, which is related to the engine operating conditions. Operational properties of engine oil can be described by indexes (parameters) such as: kinematic viscosity, viscosity index VI, total base number TBN, flash point (ignition temperature) COC, pumping temperature and pour point (solidification temperature). Changes of these parameters indicate that oil changes. During engine start-up, influence of unburned fuel and water vapour intensifies. They alter mostly ignition temperature (in this case measured in the closed pot), viscosity and density of oil. Experimental results show that in this case ignition temperature becomes the main factor influencing degradation of oil.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań oleju silnikowego marki TURDUS klasy SHPD 15W/40 użytego do smarowania silnika 4CT90 produkcji WSWANDORIA, pracującego na stanowisku badawczym do badań rozruchów. Opisane wyniki stanowią przykład wpływu rozruchu silnika na proces degradacji oleju smarującego. Proces degradacji oleju silnikowego jest procesem złożonym. Na jego przebieg wpływa wiele czynników takich jak: temperatura, ciśnienie, obecność tlenu, niespalone paliwo, para wodna, aktywne związki powstałe w wyniku reakcji spalania paliwa, zanieczyszczenia i produkty zużycia. Czynniki te oddziałują na olej z rożną intensywnością, która jest uzależniona od warunków pracy silnika. Właściwości eksploatacyjne oleju mogą być opisane przez wskaźniki (parametry) takie jak: lepkość, wskaźnik lepkości, gęstość, liczbę zasadową czy temperaturę zapłonu, temperaturę pompowalności i temperaturę krzepnięcia. Zmiany tych parametrów świadczą o zmianach zachodzących w oleju. W trakcie rozruchu silnika ze szczególna intensywnością występują oddziaływania takich czynników jak niedopalone paliwo i para wodna. Powodują one głównie zmiany temperatury zapłonu (w tym przypadku mierzonej w tyglu zamkniętym) oraz lepkości i gęstości oleju. Jak wykazały badania temperatura zapłonu jest wtedy głównym czynnikiem degradującym olej.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 2; 195-200
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of start-up characteristics of G9T engine at low temperature, FED with F-34 fuel blends with biocomponents
Autorzy:
Karczewski, M.
Pszczółkowski, J.
Wilk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
fuel system
F-34 fuel
ester
code NATO
Renault G9T
Opis:
The main aim of the study was to experimentally determine the influence of low temperature on start-up and performance of an engine with high pressure fuel system; Common Rail system was used as the example here. The study included measurements of useful parameters of combustion and composition of exhaust gas, and determination of the influence of the fuel used on catalytic converter's performance. The studied engine was Renault G9T engine, fed with the following fuels: fuel base (diesel oil), aviation fuel, code NATO F-34, fuel blends of F-34 and rapeseed methyl esters of higher fatty acids, fuel blends of F-34 and anhydrous ethyl alcohol. The study showed that the parameters of Renault G9T engine with high pressure injection system fed with fuel blends of F-34 with biocomponents changed in comparison to those obtained with the use of the fuel base: diesel oil. The process of engine's ignition relies mainly on the proper functioning of engine starting system, fuel system and devices assisting the start-up.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 227-236
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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