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Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
Tytuł:
Ocena jakości powietrza wewnątrz budynku szkolnego. Studium przypadku z Wrocławia
Evaluation of air quality inside a school building. A case study from Wroclaw, Poland
Autorzy:
Zwoździak, Anna
Zwoździak, Jerzy
Sówka, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
"PM1
"PM10"
"PM2.5"
"powietrze wewnętrzne"
"szkoła"
0"
Opis:
In order to achieve good air quality in schools, where children spend ca. 6–8 hours per day, and to find solutions for improving it, indoor pollution has to be accurately evaluated. Children are among the groups most vulnerable to the adverse effects of PM. Our study focuses on the characterization of different fractions of PM (PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10) measured inside and outside the building of a secondary school in Wroclaw, Poland, located in the centre of the city. PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 samples, from indoor (I) and outdoor (O) air, were collected using Harvard cascade impactors during the years 2009/2010. The study revealed that on 90% of days in the wintertime,24h indoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were higher than the WHO air quality guidance values for ambient air. The PM2.5 fraction found inside the school in winter and the PM10 fraction both in winter and summer resulted mostly from indoor rather than outdoor sources, as shown by the I/O ratio of 1.2 for 24-hour mean of PM2.5 and 1.3, and 2.0 for 24-hour mean of PM10 in winter and summer, respectively. However, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations during teaching hours (8-hour mean) were much higher than outdoors (2.0 and 2.5 times in winter and 4.1 and 5.6 times in summer, respectively). PM1 concentrations reached comparable levels indoors and outdoors. These data can be considered as preliminary; however, they may act as a stimulus for future studies aiming to estimate the effect of indoor PM concentrations on the respiratory system in schoolchildren.
W celu osiągnięcia dobrej jakości powietrza w szkole, gdzie dzieci spędzają ok. 6–8 godzin dziennie i znalezienia rozwiązania, by ją poprawić, należy dokładnie rozpoznać problem zanieczyszczenia powietrza wewnętrznego. Dzieci są jedną z bardziej wrażliwych grup, wśród których obserwuje się szkodliwe oddziaływanie pyłów zawieszonych na zdrowie. Nasze badania skupiły się na charakterystyce zanieczyszczenia powietrza różnymi frakcjami pyłu zawieszonego (tj. PM1,0, PM2,5, PM10) wewnątrz (W) i na zewnątrz (Z) budynku szkoły gimnazjalnej w centrum Wrocławia. Do poboru próbek pyłu PM1,0, PM2,5 i PM10, w latach 2009/2010, zostały wykorzystane impaktory typu Harvard.Zimą, w 90 dni pomiarowych, stwierdzono przekroczenia zalecanych przez WHO średnich dobowych stężeń PM10 i PM2,5. Frakcja PM2,5 wewnątrz szkoły oraz frakcja PM10, zarówno zimą, jak i latem miały swoje źródła w samej szkole, o czym świadczył stosunek W/Z = 1,2 dla średnich dobowych stężeń PM2,5, i odpowiednio 1,3 (zimą) oraz 2,0 (latem) dla PM10. Jednak, stężenia PM2,5 and PM10 w czasie trwania zajęć szkolnych (8-godzinne średnie) były znacznie wyższe (odpowiednio: 2,0 i 2,5-krotnie zimą oraz 4,1 i 5,6-krotnie latem). Stężenia PM1 były porównywalne wewnątrz i na zewnątrz szkoły. Choć są to badania wstępne, to jednak powinny zmotywować do dalszych prac skupionych na ocenie relacji między stężeniem pyłów drobnych w szkole a reakcjąukładu oddechowego dzieci.
Źródło:
Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine; 2017, 20, 3; 36-43
1505-7054
2084-6312
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary functions before and after pesticide application in cotton farming
Autorzy:
Sak, Z.H.A.
Kurtulus, S.
Ocakli, B.
Toreyin, Z.N.
Bayhan, I.
Yesilnacar, M.I.
Akgun, M.
Arbak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
pesticides
PM10
PM2.5
pulmonary functions
respiratory symptoms
Opis:
Ojective. To investigate respiratory health problems related to pesticide exposure in the inhabitants of agricultural areas. Materials and method. This study included 252 participants prior to pesticide application and 66 participants from the first group after pesticide application across four cotton farms. Symptom questionnaires were filled out by participants and respiratory function tests were measured before and after pesticide exposure. In addition, PM10, PM2.5, air temperature, and humidity were measured in all four farming villages before and after pesticide administration. Results. PM10 and PM2.5 levels were significantly increased after pesticide application. After pesticide application, all participants’ nose, throat, eye, and respiratory complaints increased significantly. Expected forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) percentage values decreased significantly. The rates of FVC and FEV1 values lower than 80% were 23.5% and 22%, respectively, before pesticide application, and this rate increased to 42.4% and 43.1%, respectively, after pesticide application. There was a significant negative correlation between PM10 levels and FVC, FEV1, and PEF values. After PM2.5 pesticide application, the risk of experiencing burning in the mouth, nose, and throat increased by 2.3-fold (OR: 2.316), 2.6-fold for burning symptoms in the eyes (OR: 2.593), 2.1-fold for wheezing (OR: 2.153), and 2.2-fold for chest tightness (OR: 2.211). With increased PM10 levels, the risk of chest tightness increased 1.1-fold (OR: 1.123). Conclusions. After pesticide administration, the respiratory health of the participants deteriorated. Performing pesticide applications in agriculture with harmless methods is the most important measure to be taken to protect public health
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2018, 25, 4; 701-707
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution: how many cigarettes does each Pole ‘smoke’ every year and how does it influence health, with special respect to lung cancer?
Autorzy:
Chudzik, R.
Rybojad, P.
Jarosz-Chudzik, K.
Sawicki, M.
Rybojad, B.
Panasiuk, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085106.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
lung cancer
PM2.5
air pollution
nitrogen dioxide
PM10
Opis:
Introduction. Air pollution is one of the most important issues of our times. Air quality assessment is based on the measurement of the concentration of substances formed during the combustion process and micro-particles suspended in the air in the form of an aerosol. Microscopic atmospheric particulate matters (PM) 2.5 and 10 are mixtures of organic and inorganic pollutants smaller than 2.5 and 10 μm, respectively. They are the main cause of negative phenomena in the earth’s atmosphere of Earth and human health, especially on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Particulates have the ability to cause permanent mutations of tissue, leading to neoplasms and even premature deaths. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the main pollutants which arises mainly during the burning of fossil fuels. Based on numerous scientific researches, it has been proved that long-term exposure to NO2 could increase morbidity of cancer due to inflammatory processes increasing abnormal mutations. Materials and method. Data available in the Polish National Cancer Registry, Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection and Map of Health Needs in the Field of Oncology for Poland, WHO Air Quality Guidelines 2005 were analyzed. Air pollution was also evaluated: PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and compared with lung cancer morbidity. Results and conclusions. Based on the available data and literature, it can be concluded that in 2009–2017, on average, each Pole smoked ten cigarettes a day +/- 2. Therefore, it can be estimated that after 60 years everyone had 30 package-years of smoking, leading to a high risk of lung cancer and other smoking related diseases. Additionally air quality in Poland is not satisfactory, exceeding the standards presented in the WHO Guidelines 2005. It can be assumed that this may translate into an additional, independent continuous increase in morbidity and mortality dependent on smoking.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 4; 566-571
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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