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Tytuł:
Hemimellitene (1,2,3-trimethylbenzene) in the liver, lung, kidney, and blood, and dimethylbenzoic acid isomers in the liver, lung, kidney and urine of rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to hemimellitene
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Majcherek, Wanda
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-10-08
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
rats
hemimellitene
pseudocumene
mesitylene
inhalation
toxicokinetic
Opis:
Objectives The aim of the study has been to explore hemimellitene distribution in blood, liver, lung and kidney as well as toxicokinetics of its elimination from blood of rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to this compound. Tissue distribution and excretion with urine of 2-dimethylbenzoic acids (2,3-DMBA and 2,6-DMBA) were also evaluated. Material and Methods Male outbred IMP:WIST rats were used in the experiment. The animals were exposed to hemimellitene vapors at the nominal concentration of 25 ppm, 100 ppm, and 250 ppm in the dynamic inhalation chambers for 6 h for single exposure purpose and for 4 weeks (6 h/day for 5 day/week) for repeated exposure purposes. Results Significantly lower concentrations of hemimellitene were detected in the blood and tissues of animals after repeated inhalation exposure of animals to hemimellitene vapors, which points to reduced retention of the chemical in the lungs of the experimental rats. The trend of hemimellitene elimination from the blood depended solely on exposure intensity, irrespective of exposure time, both after single and repeated exposure. As regards the 2 determined hemimellitene metabolites, the major trend of the metabolic transformation involved formation of 2,3-DMBA. Conclusions The significantly higher urinary 2,3-DMBA concentration after repeated exposure shows that hemimellitene induces enzymatic processes in the rat.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 1; 113-128
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
4-Week inhalation toxicity of 2-methylnaphthalene in experimental animals
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Stetkiewicz, Jan
Gromadzińska, Jolanta
Majcherek, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
2-Methylnaphthalene
rats
inhalation
NOAEL
LOAEL
Opis:
Objectives: This paper presents toxic effects of 2-MN in laboratory animals under conditions of 4-week inhalation exposure to 2-methylnaphthalene (2-MN) vapors. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were exposed to 2-MN vapors at a nominal concentration of 0, 2, 10 or 50 mg/m³ in dynamic inhalation chambers for 4 weeks (6 h/day, 5 days/week). After 4 weeks of inhalation exposure the animals were necropsied. Blood samples were collected and selected organs were weighted and prepared for histological examinations. Results: The effects of the increased levels of exposure to 2-MN experienced by the experimental rats were as follows: a) increasing γ-glutamylotransferase activity, b) stimulation of the hematopoietic system, c) lower cholesterol concentrations, d) higher number of goblet cells in lobar bronchi, e) hyperplasia of hepatic bile ducts. Conclusion: Four-week exposure of the animals to 2-MN at 2 mg/m³ proved to be the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL), while 10 mg/m³ appeared to represent the lowest-observed-adverseeffect- level (LOAEL).
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 4; 399-408
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The distribution and excretion of 1-methylnaphthalene in rats exposed to 1-methylnaphthalene by inhalation
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
rats
distribution
inhalation
toxicokinetic
excretion
1-Methylonaphthalene
Opis:
Objectives 1-Methylnaphthalene (1-MN) is a constituent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the chemicals that have become ubiquitous in the environment as result of natural and industrial process. This paper reports a study on the distribution and excretion of 1-MN in rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to 1-MN vapor. Material and Methods Male Wistar rats were exposed to 1-MN vapor at nominal concentrations of 50 mg/m³ or 200 mg/m³ in the dynamic inhalation chambers (TSE Systems Head Nose Only Exposure) for 6 h (single exposure) or 5 days (6 h/day, repeated exposure). Blood, urine and tissue samples were collected during and after the exposure. Blood, urine and tissue concentrations of 1-MN were estimated by gas chromatography using the headspace technique. Results The elimination of 1-MN from blood followed an open 2-compartment model. The concentration in rat tissues was dependent on the magnitude and time of exposure. After repeated exposure, the concentration 1-MN in tissue decreased in comparison to single exposure. The elimination of 1-MN with urine after single and repeated exposure to 1-MN occurred mainly in the samples collected during the first day of collection. Conclusions 1-Methylnaphthalene was rapidly eliminated from the blood and tissues of animals exposed by inhalation to 1-MN. In repeated exposure, there was probably a significant increase of 1-MN metabolism in rats exposed to low and high 1-MN doses. Under conditions of repeated 1-MN exposure, no significant systemic 1-MN accumulation could be observed. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(6):763–770
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 6; 763-770
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A systematic review of the health impacts of occupational exposure to wildland fires
Autorzy:
Groot, Emily
Caturay, Alexa
Khan, Yasmin
Copes, Ray
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-03
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
firefighter
inhalation
smoke
burns
wildfires
stress disorders
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to summarize the evidence of health impacts of occupational exposure to wildland fires. The authors searched 3 databases for relevant articles and screened the results. After full-text review, articles were included based on pre-determined criteria. The authors identified 32 relevant articles. Occupational exposure to wildland fires affects lung function in the short term and may increase the risk of hypertension in the long term. Exposure to wildland fires is also associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms. There was insufficient evidence to comment on most longer-term risks, and in particular on respiratory disease or cancer risks. Further research is required to understand whether occupational exposure to wildland fires results in clinically significant impacts on respiratory function, and to further clarify the relationship between occupational exposure and blood pressure, mental health, and cancer outcomes. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(2):121–40
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2019, 32, 2; 121-140
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Toxic effect in the lungs of rats after inhalation exposure to benzalkonium chloride
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Hałatek, Tadeusz
Stetkiewicz, Jan
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Kur, Barbara
Grzelińska, Zofia
Majcherek, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-08-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
benzalkonium chloride
rats
inhalation
lungs
biomarkers
histopathological examinations
Opis:
Background: Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) toxic to microorganisms. Inhalation is one of the major possible routes of human exposure to BAC. Materials and Methods: Experiments were performed on female Wistar rats. The rats were exposed to aerosol of BAC water solution at the target concentration of 0 (control group) and 35 mg/m³ for 5 days (6 h/day) and, after a 2-week interval, the animals were challenged (day 21) with BAC aerosol at the target concentration of 0 (control group) and 35 mg/m³ for 6 h. Results: Compared to the controls, the animals exposed to BAC aerosol were characterized by lower food intake and their body weight was significantly smaller. As regards BAC-exposed group, a significant increase was noted in relative lung mass, total protein concentration, and MIP-2 in BALF both directly after the termination of the exposure and 18 h afterwards. Significantly higher IL-6 and IgE concentrations in BALF and a decrease in the CC16 concentration in BALF were found in the exposed group immediately after the exposure. The leukocyte count in BALF was significantly higher in the animals exposed to BAC aerosol compared to the controls. In the lungs of rats exposed to BAC the following effects were observed: minimal perivascular, interstitial edema, focal aggregates of alveolar macrophages, interstitial mononuclear cell infiltrations, thickened alveolar septa and marginal lipoproteinosis. Conclusion: Inhalation of BAC induced a strong inflammatory response and a damage to the blood-air barrier. Reduced concentrations of CC16, which is an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory protein, in combination with increased IgE concentrations in BALF may be indicative of the immuno-inflammatory response in the animals exposed to BAC aerosol by inhalation. Histopathological examinations of tissue samples from the BAC-exposed rats revealed a number of pathological changes found only in the lungs.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 4; 647-656
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acute lung injury in a worker after inhalation of ethylene phosphorodifluoridite
Autorzy:
Ra, Seung Won
Oh, Jimi
Kim, Hochang
Kwon, Woon Jung
Kim, Yangho
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-08
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
exposure
inhalation
acute
lung injury
pulmonary edema
ethylene phosphorodifluoridite
Opis:
Ethylene phosphorodifluoridite (C2H4F4O2P2) (CAS No. 3965-00-2) is a colorless corrosive fuming liquid that is used as a stabilizer in the electrolyte of rechargeable batteries. There are no previous reports of toxic effects following exposure to this compound. A 28-year-old male complained of respiratory distress after accidental inhalation of ethylene phosphorodifluoridite for 30 min. The patient developed acute lung injury with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and was treated with supportive management. The patient fully recovered and was discharged after 7 days without any significant sequelae. The patient’s symptoms were attributed to non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema caused by ethylene phosphorodifluoridite exposure. The case study showed that ethylene phosphorodifluoridite should be added to the list of chemicals that can cause acute lung injury.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 3; 361-366
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effects of 1-methylnaphthalene after inhalation exposure on the serum corticosterone levels in rats
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Stępnik, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-17
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
rat
corticosterone
HPA
inhalation exposure
1-methylnaphthalene
restraining stress
Opis:
ObjectivesThis paper reports on the trend of the stressogenic stimulus caused by a repeated exposure to 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) vapors at the nominal concentrations of 0 mg/m3 (the control restrainer), 50 mg/m3 or 200 mg/m3 in the nose-only inhalation system, by analyzing the serum corticosterone (CORT) levels in rats.Material and MethodsThree groups of rats were exposed in restrainers to 1-MN vapors at the nominal concentrations of 0 mg/m3, 50 mg/m3 or 200 mg/m3 for 5 days. One control group of animals spent all the time during the experiment in an individually ventilated plastic cage. The serum CORT concentrations were determined in all 4 groups of the rats. The blood samples drawn from the tail vein were collected every day after termination of the 6-h exposure. On the fifth day, blood samples were collected 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, and 3 h after termination of the 6-h exposure.ResultsOn the fifth day of the study, no statistically significant changes in body weights between all groups of animals were found. After 5 days of the observation, increased food intake in the control groups was noted. Significantly higher CORT concentrations in the rats exposed to 1-MN at 200 mg/m3 and in the animals from the control restrainer were found, comparing to the animals exposed to 1-MN at 50 mg/m3 and the animals from the control cage.ConclusionsThe application of 6-h restraining induced high concentrations of the stress hormone, CORT, in the blood of rats. The short-term exposure of rats to 1-MN non-linearly reduced the restraint stress measured with CORT concentration.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2020, 33, 5; 691-699
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metabolism and in vitro assessment of the mutagenic activity of urinary extracts from rats after inhalation exposure to 1-methylnaphthalene
Autorzy:
Świercz, Radosław
Stępnik, Maciej
Gromadzińska, Jolanta
Domeradzka-Gajda, Katarzyna
Roszak, Joanna
Wąsowicz, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152982.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
rats
inhalation
micronucleus test
toxicokinetics
1-methylonaphthalene
1-naphthoic acid
Opis:
Objectives 1-Methylnaphthalene (1-MN) is composed of 2 benzene rings and belongs to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The metabolism of 1-MN in laboratory animals and bacteria leads to the formation of 1-naphthoic acid (1-NA). Material and Methods In this study the distribution of 1-NA in lung, liver, spleen, kidney and urinary excretion of 1-NA in rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to 1-MN vapors were investigated. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and cytochrome were measured of the rats. Genotoxic effects were evaluated with the in vitro micronucleus test on V79 hamster fibroblasts. Results The concentrations of 1-NA in the tissues of rats after single and repeated exposure to 1-MN were dependent on the exposure dose. High levels of 1-NA were found in kidneys of animals after the single and repeated exposure to 1-MN. With an increase of 1-MN dose, an increase in the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2) was observed in the liver of rats. Compared to control animals, significantly higher ALT activity was noted in serum of rats exposed to 1-MN. The micronuclei frequency in V79 cells exposed to 1-MN (in the range of analyzable concentrations; i.e., 5–25 μg/ml) did not differ significantly from the vehicle control, whereas urine extracts from rats exposed to 1-MN induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei compared to urine extracts from the group of control animals. Conclusions Metabolism of 1-MN in rats after the inhalation exposure leading to 1-NA was mainly observed during the first day after the end of exposure. It is likely that 1-MN metabolites present in rat urine can induce the increased micronuclei frequency as was shown in V79 cells.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 6; 731-746
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the TRA ECETOC model for inhalation workplace exposure to different organic solvents for selected process categories
Autorzy:
Kupczewska-Dobecka, Małgorzata
Czerczak, Sławomir
Jakubowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
inhalation exposure assessment
TRA ECETOC estimation
organic solvents occupational exposure
Opis:
Objective: The aim of this work is to describe the operation principle of the TRA ECETOC model developed using the descriptor system, and the utilization of that model for assessment of inhalation exposures to different organic solvents for selected process categories identifying a given application. Method: Measurement results were available for toluene, ethyl acetate and acetone in workplace atmosphere in Poland. The following process categories have been postulated: (1) Paints and lacquers factory: use in closed, continuous process with occasional controlled exposure; (2) Shoe factory: roller or brush application of glues; (3) Refinery: use in closed process, no likelihood of exposure. The next step was to calculate the workplace concentration at chosen process categories by applying the TRA ECETOC model. Results: The selected categories do not precisely describe the studied applications. Very high concentration values of acetone were measured in the shoe factory, mean 443 ppm. The concentration obtained with the aid of the model is underestimated, ranging from 25.47 to 254.7 ppm, for the case with and without activation of the local exhaust ventilation (LEV), respectively. Estimated concentration at a level corresponding to that of the measured concentration would be possible if the process category involving spraying, e.g., PROC 7 was considered. For toluene and ethyl acetate, the measured concentrations are within the predicted ranges determined with the use of the model when we assume the concentration predicted with active ventilation for the beginning, and the concentration predicted with inactive ventilation for the end of the range. Conclusions: Model TRA ECETOC can be easily used to assess inhalation exposure at workplace. It has numerous advantages, its structure is clear, requires few data, is available free of charge. Selection of appropriate process categories related to the uses identified is guarantee of successful exposure assessment.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 2; 208-217
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational asthma caused by samba (Triplochiton scleroxylon) wood dust in a professional maker of wooden models of airplanes: A case study
Autorzy:
Krawczyk-Szulc, Patrycja
Wiszniewska, Marta
Pałczyński, Cezary
Nowakowska-Świrta, Ewa
Kozak, Anna
Walusiak-Skorupa, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
occupational asthma
wood dusts
samba
triplochiton scleroxylon
specific inhalation challenge test
Opis:
Objectives: Wood dust is a known occupational allergen that may induce, in exposed workers, respiratory diseases including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Samba (obeche, Triplochiton scleroxylon) is a tropical tree, which grows in West Africa, therefore, Polish workers are rarely exposed to it. This paper describes a case of occupational asthma caused by samba wood dust. Material and Methods: The patient with suspicion of occupational asthma due to wood dust was examined at the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Toxicology in the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine. Clinical evaluation included: analysis of occupational history, skin prick tests (SPT) to common and occupational allergens, determination of serum specific IgE to occupational allergens, serial spirometry measurements, metacholine challenge test and specific inhalation challenge test with samba dust. Results: SPT and specific serum IgE assessment revealed sensitization to common and occupational allergens including samba. Spirometry measurements showed mild obstruction. Metacholine challenge test revealed a high level of bronchial hyperactivity. Specific inhalation challenge test was positive and cellular changes in nasal lavage and induced sputum confirmed allergic reaction to samba. Conclusions: IgE mediated allergy to samba wood dust was confirmed. This case report presents the first documented occupational asthma and rhinitis due to samba wood dust in wooden airplanes model maker in Poland.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 3; 512-519
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after inhalation of a water repellent
Autorzy:
Bennett, David
Bargagli, Elena
Refini, Rosa M.
Pieroni, Maria Grazia
Fossi, Antonella
Romeo, Riccardo
Volterrani, Luca
Mazzei, Maria Antonietta
Rottoli, Paola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-03
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
siloxanes
acute exacerbation
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
water proof inhalation
occupational exposure
chemical hazard
Opis:
The natural course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unpredictable at the time of diagnosis. Some patients may experience episodes of acute respiratory worsening that have been termed acute exacerbations. A 58-year-old male was admitted to our Emergency Department due to progressive and intense dyspnea and dry cough after accidental inhalation of waterproof’s vapor containing siloxanes. Chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan showed diffuse and bilateral ground glass attenuation, basal predominant reticular abnormalities and subpleural honeycombing. The patient didn’t know that he suffered from IPF and siloxanes’ inhalation triggered an acute exacerbation of his disease. Clinical course after the inhalation was aggressive and, despite steroids and cyclophosphamide therapy, the patient died 3 months after due to a respiratory failure. Inhalation of water repellents has been associated with an acute onset of respiratory symptoms and acute lung injury; usually, however, the prognosis is commonly good with a complete recovery. Our case is an example of an extremely negative reaction probably because of pre-existing and misdiagnosed IPF. Currently, no literature concerning water repellent inhalation as a trigger of acute exacerbation of IPF is available.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 4; 775-779
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mannitol vs. methacholine in the evaluation of airway responsiveness in bakers’ asthma
Autorzy:
Nowakowska-Świrta, Ewa
Wiszniewska, Marta
Lipińska-Ojrzanowska, Agnieszka
Walusiak-Skorupa, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2116654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-13
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
mannitol
methacholine
nonspecific bronchial hyper-responsiveness
occupational asthma
specific inhalation challenge test
bakery workers
Opis:
ObjectivesVarious indirect or direct airway challenge tests are used to measure nonspecific bronchial hyper-responsiveness (NSBHR). The evaluation of NSBHR in diagnosing occupational asthma (OA) is performed, e.g., to monitor the specific inhalation challenge test (SICT). The aim of this study was to preliminarily compare the results of methacholine and mannitol inhalation challenge tests in SICT monitoring in bakers with work-related airway symptoms.Material and MethodsFour bakery workers with a suspicion of OA underwent single-blind placebo-controlled SICTs involving workplace allergens, accompanied by the evaluation of NSBHR with mannitol and methacholine, both before and after SICTs. Clinical examinations, spirometry tests, skin prick tests (SPTs) to common aeroallergens and occupational allergens, as well as tests to determine serum specific IgE antibodies to occupational aeroallergens were also performed.ResultsPositive SPTs results to occupational aeroallergens were found in all bakery workers, and specific IgE antibodies to flour were detected in 2 subjects. Three patients displayed positive SICT reactions. In all of these 3 patients, airway responsiveness to methacholine increased significantly. In 2 patients, airway reaction to mannitol was significant, whereas in 1 subject there was no increase in NSBHR after mannitol inhalation. The patient with a negative SICT result did not reveal any changes in NSBHR before and after the test, either to methacholine or mannitol.ConclusionsThe data obtained by the authors show that there is no clear correlation between the methacholine and mannitol inhalation challenge tests in SICT monitoring. Preliminary results indicate the need for further investigations to evaluate the usefulness of the mannitol challenge test in the diagnostics of OA.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2020, 33, 2; 235-239
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rare occupational cause of nasal septum perforation: Nickel exposure
Autorzy:
Bolek, Ertugrul C.
Erden, Abdulsamet
Kulekci, Cagri
Kalyoncu, Umut
Karadag, Omer
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-10-06
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
occupational medicine
nickel
nickel exposure
nasal septum perforation
occupational toxic heavy metal exposure
inhalation toxicity
Opis:
Many etiologies are held accountable for nasal septum perforations. Topical nasal drug usage, previous surgeries, trauma, nose picking, squamous cell carcinoma, some rheumatological disorders such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener granulomatosis), some infectious diseases such as syphilis and leprosy are among the causes of the perforations. Occupational heavy metal exposures by inhalation rarely may also cause nasal septum perforation. Here, we present a 29-year-old patient without any known diseases, who is a worker at a metallic coating and nickel-plating factory, referred for investigation of his nasal cartilage septum perforation from an otorhinolaryngology clinic. The patient questioning, physical examination and laboratory assessment about rheumatic and infectious diseases were negative. There was a metallic smell in the breath during the physical examination. The analysis showed serum nickel level at 31 μg/l and urine nickel at 18 μg/l (84.11 μg/g creatinine). Other possible serum and urine heavy metal levels were within normal ranges. Nickel exposure is usually together with other heavy metals (chromium or cadmium), it is rarely alone. Nickel ingested by inhalation usually leads to respiratory problems such as reduced olfactory acuity, ulcers, septum perforation or tumors of the nasal sinuses. This case demonstrates the importance of occupational anamnesis and awareness of diagnosis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):963–967
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 6; 963-967
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nanorurki węglowe – charakterystyka substancji, działanie biologiczne i dopuszczalne poziomy narażenia zawodowego
Carbon nanotubes – Characteristic of the substance, biological effects and occupational exposure levels
Autorzy:
Świdwińska-Gajewska, Anna M.
Czerczak, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-03-24
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
narażenie zawodowe
nanoobiekty
toksyczność
nanorurki węglowe
nanowłókna
narażenie inhalacyjne
occupational exposure
nanoobjects
toxicity
carbon nanotubes
nanofibers
inhalation
Opis:
Nanorurki węglowe (carbon nanotubes – CNT) są grupą nanoobiektów zróżnicowaną pod względem budowy, rozmiaru (długości i średnicy), kształtu oraz własności. Dzięki wielu interesującym właściwościom znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w różnych dziedzinach. Rosnące zainteresowanie tymi strukturami pociąga za sobą zwiększenie liczby osób pracujących w narażeniu na CNT. Ekspozycja zawodowa na nanorurki może występować zarówno w laboratoriach prowadzących nad nimi badania, jak i w zakładach produkujących CNT lub zawierające je nanokompozyty. Poziomy stężeń liczbowych CNT w pobliżu źródła ich emisji mogą sięgać wielkości rzędu 10⁷ cząstek/cm³. Wartości te jednak znacznie się obniżają po zastosowaniu odpowiedniej wentylacji. Z badań na zwierzętach wynika, że główną drogą narażenia jest inhalacja. Nie ma dowodów na wchłanianie przez skórę. Nanorurki węglowe podawane drogą pokarmową w znacznym stopniu są wydalane z kałem. Nie opisano metabolizmu nanorurek węglowych. W badaniach inhalacyjnych na zwierzętach CNT wywoływały głównie stan zapalny, na skutek stresu oksydacyjnego, prowadząc przede wszystkim do zmian w płucach. U zwierząt narażanych drogą dermalną główny efekt to stres oksydacyjny wywołujący miejscowy stan zapalny. Najmniej objawów toksyczności zaobserwowano u zwierząt eksponowanych drogą pokarmową. Nanorurki węglowe nie indukowały mutacji w testach bakteryjnych, jednak działały genotoksycznie w wielu testach prowadzonych zarówno na komórkach in vitro, jak również u narażanych myszy in vivo. Działanie embriotoksyczne CNT zależy głównie od ich modyfikacji, natomiast rakotwórcze – od rozmiaru i sztywności. Zaproponowane przez światowych ekspertów wartości dopuszczalnych poziomów narażenia zawodowego dla CNT mieszczą się w przedziale 1–80 μg/m³. Różnorodność skutków działania CNT skłania do tego, żeby każdy rodzaj nanorurek był traktowany jak oddzielna substancja wymagająca osobnego szacowania normatywu higienicznego. Med. Pr. 2017;68(2):259–276
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a diverse group of nano-objects in terms of structure, size (length, diameter), shape and characteristics. The growing interest in these structures is due to the increasing number of people working in exposure to CNTs. Occupational exposure to carbon nanotubes may occur in research laboratories, as well as in plants producing CNTs and their nanocomposites. Carbon nanotubes concentration at the emission source may reach 10⁷ particles/cm³. These values, however, are considerably reduced after the application of adequate ventilation. Animal studies suggest that the main route of exposure is inhalation. Carbon nanotubes administered orally are largely excreted in the feces. In animals exposed by inhalation, CNTs caused mainly inflammation, as a result of oxidative stress, leading above all to changes in the lungs. The main effect of animal dermal exposure is oxidative stress causing local inflammation. In animals exposed by ingestion the mild or no toxicity was observed. Carbon nanotubes did not induce mutations in the bacterial tests, but they were genotoxic in a series of tests on cells in vitro, as well as in exposed mice in vivo. Embryotoxicity of nanotubes depends mainly on their modifications and carcinogenicity – primarily on the CNT size and its rigidity. Occupational exposure limits for CNTs proposed by world experts fall within the range of 1–80 μg/m³. The different effects of various kinds of CNT, leads to the conclusion that each type of nanotube should be treated as a separate substance with individual estimation of hygienic normative. Med Pr 2017;68(2):259–276
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2017, 68, 2; 259-276
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagrożenia zdrowotne wynikające z narażenia zawodowego na enfluran – przegląd badań i próba analizy wartości dopuszczalnych stężeń
Health hazards resulting from occupational exposure to enfluran – overview of tests and analysis of admissible concentration values
Autorzy:
Kupczewska-Dobecka, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-02-18
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
narażenie zawodowe
NDS
zagrożenia zdrowotne
enfluran
anestetyki wziewne
pogorszenie sprawności psychomotorycznej
occupational exposure
OEL
health hazards
enflurane
inhalation anesthetics
deterioration in psychomotor performance
Opis:
Ponieważ przeprowadzono niewiele badań dotyczących wpływu zawodowego narażenia na enfluran na stan zdrowia, celem pracy była analiza zagrożeń zdrowotnych wynikających z narażenia na tę substancję oraz analiza jej dopuszczalnych stężeń w środowisku pracy. Zastosowano metodę zbierania dowodów na podstawie przeglądu internetowych baz danych czasopism naukowych. Enfluran należy do wziewnych środków ogólnie znieczulających. Obserwowano, że u pacjentów powodował on złośliwą hipertermię, napady padaczkowe, zaburzenia rytmu serca, depresję ośrodka oddechowego i niedociśnienie tętnicze. Nieliczne dane wskazują na możliwość uszkodzenia wątroby czy niewydolności nerek na skutek narkozy. Narażenie zawodowe na enfluran może występować u pracowników opieki medycznej. Narządem docelowym dla enfluranu jest ośrodkowy układ nerwowy, a skutkiem krytycznym pogorszenie sprawności psychomotorycznej. W badaniach z udziałem ochotników rekrutowanych spośród personelu medycznego sal operacyjnych narażonego na enfluran wykazano istotne pogorszenie wyników w Teście czasu reakcji prostej. Grupy eksperckie na świecie za najniższy poziom działania szkodliwego (lowest observed adverse effect concentration – LOAEC) dla pogorszenia wyników testów psychomotorycznych przyjmują stężenie na poziomie 5–10% minimalnego stężenia w powietrzu pęcherzyków płucnych w trakcie znieczulania (minimal anesthetic concentration – MAC), tj. 6342–12 684 mg/m3. Ocena potencjalnego działania nefrotoksycznego enfluranu wykazała, że jest ono mało prawdopodobne, gdyż biotransformacja enfluranu u ludzi skutkuje niskim szczytowym stężeniem fluorku w surowicy, średnio 15 μmol/l. Wczesne doniesienia przypisujące uszkodzenie wątroby u pacjentów nie zostały potwierdzone. Badania epidemiologiczne dotyczące narażenia zawodowego wzbudziły obawy co do wpływu mieszanin gazów znieczulających na częstość poronień, rozwój płodu i wady wrodzone u dzieci, jednak w żadnym z tych badań nie określono szczegółowo rodzaju i stężenia stosowanych gazów znieczulających. W badaniu rakotwórczości i mutagenności uzyskano wyniki negatywne. W Polsce nie monitoruje się narażenia zawodowego na enfluran, ponieważ nie ustalono dla niego wartości normatywnej w powietrzu środowiska pracy. Konieczne jest szybkie wprowadzenie tego anestetyku wraz z obowiązującą wartością dopuszczalną do wykazu NDS (najwyższe dopuszczalne stężenie).
The aim of this work is to analyze the health hazards of enflurane exposure and to analyze the occupational exposure limits (OEL). The method of obtaining evidence based on a review of online databases of scientific journals was used. Enflurane is an inhalation anesthetic. Malignant hyperthermia, seizures, arrhythmias, respiratory depression and hypotension have been observed in patients. Occupational exposure to enflurane may occur in healthcare professionals. The target organ for enflurane is the central nervous system with a critical consequence of deterioration in psychomotor performance. In studies on volunteers recruited from the medical staff of operating rooms exposed to enflurane, a significant deterioration in the results of the Simple Reaction Time Test was shown. World experts’ groups assume that the LOAEC (lowest observed adverse effect concentration) value for the deterioration of psychomotor test results is 5–10% of the MAC value (minimal anesthetic concentration), i.e., 6342–12 684 mg/m3. Assessment of the nephrotoxic potential of enflurane has shown that it is unlikely to occur because biotransformation of enflurane in humans results in a low peak serum fluoride concentration of 15 μmol/l. Early reports about liver damage in patients were not be supported. Occupational exposure epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the effects of anesthetic gas mixtures on the abortion rate or on fetal development and birth defects in children, but none of these studies specifically determined the type and concentration of anesthetic gases used. The carcinogenicity and mutagenicity studies were negative. Occupational exposure to enflurane is not monitored in Poland, as no standard value has been established for it in the air of the working environment. It is necessary to quickly introduce this anesthetic along with the applicable limit value to the OEL list.
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 1; 51-69
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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