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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Application of numerical modelling for the better design of radon preventive and remedial measures
    Autorzy:
    Jiránek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148703.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    numerical modelling
    radon concentration
    radon prevention
    radon remediation
    Opis:
    The main aim of the presented work was to verify, whether soil gas radon concentrations measured directly on building sites at a depth of 0.8 m below ground level and used in several countries for the design of protective measures against radon from the soil are in agreement with concentrations measured under houses after they had been built on a corresponding site. The correlation between sub-slab concentrations and concentrations measured at a depth of 0.8 m below the uncovered soil surface has been studied using a numerical simulation with the help of the computer program Radon2D. Numerical predictions showed that radon concentrations under the houses could be significantly different from concentrations measured on the building site and used for the assessment of radon risk categories. The highest differences were predicted for soil profiles with highly permeable upper layers. In the case of houses resting on the ground level the sub-slab radon concentration can be up to 3.4 times higher compared to the concentration measured at a depth of 0.8 m. An even higher increase was predicted for houses with the floor embedded 2 m below ground level. In this case the sub-floor concentrations increased up to 9.3 times. Numerical modelling can thus be considered as a powerful tool that can ensure the higher reliability of radon preventive and remedial measures.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 451-457
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wireless system for radiometric measurements
    Autorzy:
    Jakowiuk, A.
    Pieńkos, P. J.
    Kowalska, E.
    Filipiak, P.
    Świstowski, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146860.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiometric probes
    radon concentration measurements
    wireless communication
    Opis:
    Wireless system for radiometric measurements contains probes, for gamma radiation measurements and other probes for radon concentration measurements in air and water. The probes have the form of droplet-tight cylinders powered from a local battery. Measuring data collecting unit, based on a portable computer, communicates directly with the probes in a wireless manner using the WiFi communication network, or through the internet using mobile phone GSM network. Serial port wire connection is also possible. The local battery ensures at least 14 days of continuous operation of the probes. For long term measurements, the probes can also be powered from solar panels. Construction and operation of the probes are described. Results of scintillation probes investigation are given. Detection efficiency of the developed probes is comparable with the laboratory probes offered in our country.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 4; 637-641
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon in potable waters in Luxembourg
    Autorzy:
    Tosheva, Z.
    Kies, A.
    Hofmann, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148840.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon concentration
    geological dependence
    seasonal radon variation
    waters in Luxembourg
    Opis:
    The presence of elevated concentrations of radon in water is a potential health risk when the water is used in public water supply, mainly because of the increase of radon concentration in the indoor air due to degassing [16]. Samples were taken from a large number of Luxembourg’s drinking water springs in 2007 to determine the major ion chemistry and potential contaminants, mainly from agriculture. The natural radioactive isotopes were analysed as part of this program. Two sampling campaigns were performed, one in summer, one in winter, to consider seasonal variations. This paper presents the radon activities, which were sampled during the two field campaigns and measured using liquid scintillation counting (LSC). For quality assurance of our results we made three replicates from each collected water sample. This methodology was used because it is more accurate than other possible methods of radon measurement, and its limit of detection is sufficiently low, i.e., 700 Bqźm–3. The correlation between radon and radium levels was estimated, as well as the dependence of radon levels on geology. The results from the year 2007 were compared to previous measurements from the year 2003. Five springs in the program were sampled monthly throughout a year to account for possible seasonal variations, additionally to the large spatial extend of the program.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 583-588
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon exposure in kindergartens in one Bulgarian district
    Autorzy:
    Angelova, Antoaneta
    Chobanova, Nina
    Kunovska, Bistra
    Djunakova, Desislava
    Ivanova, Kremena
    Stojanovska, Zdenka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Bulgaria
    effective dose
    kindergarten
    passive detector
    radon concentration
    Opis:
    The major part of the radiation dose that humans receive from natural radioactive sources is due to inhalation of radon and its decay products. The study focuses on radon concentration (CRn) investigation in kindergartens and nurseries in the district of Montana. The infl uence of building characteristics on CRn was evaluated. The measurement of the CRn was performed using passive detectors. The survey was carried out between December 2019 and May 2020 with a total number of 602 detectors. The average value of CRn in the premises of the studied kindergartens and nurseries in this district is 125 Bq·m−3 , and the geometric mean (GM) value is 88 Bq·m−3 . The buildings that have built ventilation and sewerage systems have lower CRn. The effective doses of the children and workers were evaluated in order to assess the radon exposure.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2023, 68, 2; 51--56
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new geostatistical tool for the analysis of the geographical variability of the indoor radon activity
    Autorzy:
    Loffredo, Filomena
    Scala, Antonio
    Adinolfi, Guido Maria
    Savino, Federica
    Quarto, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    geographical variability
    geostatistics
    Gini coefficient
    Lorenz curve
    radon concentration
    variogram
    Opis:
    The population is continuously exposed to a background level of ionizing radiation due to the natural radioactivity and, in particular, with radon (222Rn). Radon gas has been classified as the second leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoke [1]. In the confined environment, radon concentration can reach harmful level and vary accordingly to many factors. Since the primary source of radon in dwellings is the subsurface, the risk assessment and reduction cannot disregard the identification of the local geology and the environmental predisposing factors. In this article, we propose a new methodology, based on the computation of the Gini coefficients at different spatial scales, to estimate the spatial correlation and the geographical variability of radon concentrations. This variability can be interpreted as a signature of the different subsurface geological conditions. The Gini coefficient computation is a statistical tool widely used to determine the degree of inhomogeneity of different kinds of distributions. We generated several simulated radon distributions, and the proposed tool has been validated by comparing the variograms based on the semi-variance computation with those ones based on the Gini coefficient. The Gini coefficient variogram is shown to be a good estimator of the inhomogeneity degree of radon concentration. Indeed, it allows to better constrain the critical distance below which the radon geological source can be considered as uniform at least for the investigated length scales of variability; it also better discriminates the fluctuations due to the environmental predisposing factors from those ones due to the random spatially uncorrelated noise.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 99-104
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of radon risk for Białystok inhabitants regarding the type of town buildings
    Autorzy:
    Karpińska, M.
    Kapała, J.
    Szpak, A.
    Mnich, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148400.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    indoor radon
    Białystok
    mean annual concentration of radon
    type of buildings
    Opis:
    Radon and its short-lived disintegration products are the most significant factors of exposure to ionizing radiation from natural sources. Białystok has the population of about 300,000 inhabitants in 100,460 flats in 16,282 houses. They are mostly one-family houses (about 80.7per cent) and two-family houses (8.2 per cent). It can be estimated that about 2/3 of the Białystok inhabitants live in the so-called “blocks of flats”. The study aimed at evaluation of the exposure to radon present in the flats. The integral method of trace detectors was used to measure radon concentration indoors. All values of the radon concentration were the mean annual values as they were obtained on annual exposure or were calculated and corrected to annual exposure based on shorter periods of time. Radon concentration distribution in flats of 3 housing estates in Białystok was analyzed. The effective dose of inhaled radon per a statistical inhabitant of Białystok (about 1.1 mSv) per year was calculated on the basis of mean values of radon concentration. Inhabitants of one-family houses obtained slightly higher annual doses – 1.4 mSv while the inhabitants of block of flats got lower annual doses – 0.8 mSv.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 2; 213-217
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal and diurnal variation of outdoor radon (222Rn) concentrations in urban and rural area with reference to meteorological conditions
    Autorzy:
    Podstawczyńska, A.
    Kozak, K.
    Pawlak, W.
    Mazur, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    outdoor radon (222Rn) concentration
    urban climate
    seasonal variation
    diurnal variation
    meteorological parameters
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to investigate temporal variability of outdoor radon (222Rn) concentration registered in the center of Łódź (urban station), at Ciosny (rural station) and Kraków (suburban station) in relation to meteorological parameters (i.e. air temperature, temperature vertical gradient, wind speed, soil heat flux, volumetric water content in soil) with special consideration of urban-rural differences. Continuous measurements of 222Rn concentration (at 60 min intervals) were performed at a height of 2 m above the ground using AlphaGUARDŽ PQ2000PRO (ionization chamber) from January 2008 to May 2009. 222Rn levels were characterized by a diurnal cycle with an early morning maximum and a minimum in the afternoon. The well-marked 24 h pattern of radon concentration occurred in summer at anticyclonic weather with cloudless sky, light wind and large diurnal temperature ranges. The urban measurement site was characterized by the lowest atmospheric 222Rn concentration and an urban-rural differences of radon levels increased from winter to summer and during the nighttime periods. The maximum contrasts of 222Rn levels between Łódź and Ciosny, reaching – 30 Bqźm–3, were registered in June and July during the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon (a positive thermal anomaly of a city if compared to rural area) and strong thermal inversion near the ground in the rural area.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 543-547
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon in houses of Kowary : Sudety Mountains, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Olszewski, Jerzy
    Walczak, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148481.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Kowary
    radon
    houses
    annual concentration
    Opis:
    The presence of uranium makes the Kowary area characterized by an increased concentration of radon in the air and the living houses. Measurements of periodic radon concentrations in dwellings of Kowary were carried out three times in the last 20 years. It can be observed that 20 years ago level of radon concentrations in houses of Kowary were lower than today. Measurements carried out in Kowary over 20 years have shown that residents are exposed to radon concentrations, which often exceed 300 Bq•m-3 – a reference level recommended by the European Union. The present geometric mean of radon concentration in houses of Kowary (260 Bq•m-3 ) exceeds the geometric mean of radon concentration of buildings in the rest of Poland (142 Bq•m-3 ).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 149-152
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fast measurement of radon concentration in water with Lucas cell
    Autorzy:
    Machaj, B.
    Bartak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon in water
    measurement
    concentration
    Opis:
    Abstract Fast method of measurement of radon concentration in water based on flushing (bubbling) water sample with air in closed loop with Lucas cell is presented. The main feature of the method is washing radon from large sample of water to small volume of air including the volume of Lucas cell, thanks to which high radon concentration in the air and considerable sensitivity of measurement is achieved. Estimated measuring sensitivity is S = 8.5 cpm/(Bq/dm3). Random error due to statistical fluctuations of count rate at radon concentration 1, 100, 10 000 Bq/dm3 is: 11, 1.1, 0.1% correspondingly at counting (measuring) time 10 min. Minimum detectable radon concentration in water for such counting time is 0.11 Bq/dm3.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 1; 29-31
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Test measurements of thoron concentration using two ionization chambers AlphaGUARD vs. radon monitor RAD7
    Autorzy:
    Kochowska, E.
    Kozak, K.
    Kozłowska, B.
    Mazur, J.
    Dorda, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148134.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    thoron
    thoron concentration
    ionization chamber
    Opis:
    The experiment aiming at testing the possibility of using AlphaGUARD monitors based on an ionization chamber for thoron measurements is presented. A single AlphaGUARD monitor working in the flow mode was applied to measure thoron concentration in the radon-free atmosphere. The sensitivity (correction factors) of the monitor to thoron was estimated by comparison with a RAD7 portable detector (Durridge Company), based on spectrometric analysis, in the thoron, radon-free atmosphere in a calibration chamber. This depends on the applied flow rate and changes from 8% for the flow rate of 0.3 dm3/min to 36% for 1 dm3/min. It was also revealed that the sensitivity of the monitor to thoron in the diffusion mode is equal to ca. 5% and may be neglected. The method involving two Alpha-GUARD monitors working in two different modes (diffusion and flow) at the same time may be used to evaluate radon and thoron concentration in the natural environmental conditions where usually both isotopes appear together. In this method thoron concentration is estimated as the difference of results obtained from two AlphaGUARD monitors multiplied by the correction factor corresponding to the applied flow rate. The devices based on spectrometric analysis, e.g. RAD7 seem to be a better tool for thoron measurements in the environmental conditions.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 3; 189-192
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Outdoor 222Rn behaviour in different areas of Slovakia
    Autorzy:
    Holý, K.
    Műllerová, M.
    Bulko, M.
    Holá, O.
    Melicherová, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146357.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    activity concentration
    exhalation rate
    orography
    Opis:
    Radon activity concentration (RAC) in the outdoor atmosphere was monitored in four localities of Slovakia. The distance between the localities were up to 130 km. The localities had a diverse orography, ranging from flatland to hilly terrain. A significant infl uence of orography and 226Ra and 222Rn content in soil on diurnal time series of RAC was found. A simple approach of determining radon exhalation rate from soil based on the increase of RAC from daily minima to maxima and removal characteristic of radon is presented. A linear dependency between radon exhalation rate from the soil and RAC in the soil gas at a depth of 0.8 m was found for sandy soils.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 281-288
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon 222Rn in drinking water of West Pomeranian Voivodeship and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Wieprzowski, K.
    Bekas, M.
    Waśniewska, E.
    Wardziński, A.
    Magiera, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146558.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    drinking water
    ionizing radiation
    Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
    preliminary monitoring of radioactivity
    radon-222 concentration
    West Pomeranian Voivodeship
    woda pitna
    promieniowanie jonizujące
    województwo kujawsko-pomorskie
    wstępne monitorowanie radioaktywności
    stężenie radonu-222
    województwo zachodniopomorskie
    Opis:
    Radon Rn-222 is a commonly occurring natural radionuclide found in the environment from uranium- -radium radioactive series, which is the decay product of radium Ra-226. The presence of radon carries negative health effects. It is, in fact, classifi ed as a carcinogen, and therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor its concentration. The aim of this study was to determine the level of radon-222 concentration in water intended for human consumption in the two voivodeships of Poland: West Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian. Measurements were performed for more than 60 intakes. The level of radon was measured by using the liquid scintillation counting method. The range of measured radon concentration in the water from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship was from 0.90 to 11.41 Bq/dm3 with an average of 5.01 Bq/dm3, while that from the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship was from 1.22 to 24.20 Bq/dm3 with an average of 4.67 Bq/dm3. Only in three water intakes, the concentration of radon-222 exceeded the value of 10 Bq/dm3. The obtained results allowed to conclude that population exposure associated with radon-222 in water is negligible and there is no need to take further action. In the case of three intakes where a higher concentration of radon was found, the potential exposure was low.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2018, 63, 2; 43-46
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radon decay products in the boundary layer of the atmosphere
    Autorzy:
    Otahal, P.
    Burian, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148920.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    natural radioactivity
    atmosphere
    radon daughter product (RnDP)
    equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC)
    Opis:
    The concentration of radon and its decay products in the boundary layer of the atmosphere varies and depends on many factors. One of the main factors leading to the variability of equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC) of radon is the dynamic behavior of the atmosphere. Describing the behavior of radon concentration and EEC in the atmosphere is important for the estimation of natural human exposition (this was our original goal). The National Institute for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Protection (SÚJCHBO, v.v.i.) has been investigating the characteristics of radon decay products in the boundary layer of the atmosphere since 1985. The measurements of EEC were carried out in places with different exhalation of radon from the subsoil. The grab sampling method, as well as continuous measurement, were applied in various areas. The determination of outdoor radon and radon daughter product (RnDP) is not easy due to very low levels of their concentrations: therefore, many methods and devices had to be modified for this type of measurement.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 539-542
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Indoor and outdoor 222Rn and 220Rn and their progeny levels surrounding Bayan Obo mine, China
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Nanping
    Hu, Miao
    Zeng, Weihua
    Yu, Cong
    Jia, Binlin
    Yang, Zhijie
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146589.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radon
    thoron
    thoron progeny
    equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration
    Rn equilibrium factor
    Bayan Obo
    Opis:
    More than half of the total natural ionizing radiation dose received by the human population is caused by radon and thoron (Rn and Tn) and their progeny. To estimate the level of radiation due to radon and thoron and their progeny, an investigation was conducted in a residential area near the world’s largest open-pit mine of Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia, China. The concentration of Rn, Tn, and their decay products in air and soil were studied by using AlphaGUARD, RAD7, and ERS-RDM-2S for a discrete period of time in three different locations. The average indoor concentration of radon and thoron was 62.6 ± 44.6 Bq/m3 and 108.3 ± 94.5 Bq/m3 respectively, and the outdoor concentration was 12.9 ± 6.3 Bq/m3 and 55.8 ± 18.5 Bq/m3 , respectively. Relatively high concentrations were recorded in the area near to the mine, with a significant increasing trend observed in indoor thoron concentration. A prominent hotspot in thoron concentration was found in a single-story house with values 747 ± 150 Bq/m3 . The equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration (EECTn) varies from 0.48 Bq/m3 to 2.36 Bq/m3 with an arithmetic mean of 1.37 ± 0.64 Bq/m3 , and comparatively higher than EECRn. Concluding that the mining activity at Bayan Obo mine is significantly increasing the level of indoor thoron and its progeny in surroundings. It is suggested to further systematically investigate the indoor Rn and Tn progeny concentrations in the residential dwellings of the Bayan Obo mining area, and 232Th content of the building materials, to provide a basis for calculating the radiation dose.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 145-148
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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