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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    X-ray tube with needle-like anode
    Autorzy:
    Słapa, M.
    Straś, W.
    Traczyk, M.
    Dora, J.
    Snopek, M.
    Gutowski, R.
    Drabik, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147038.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    brachytherapy
    photon needle
    X-ray tube
    Opis:
    An X-ray tube with a needle-like anode (NAXT) built in our Laboratory, its design and basic operating parameters are presented. The process of electron beam forming and influence of external and internal magnetic fields is discussed. The tube properties essential from the point of view of its application in X-ray generators as well as disadvantageous thermal effects caused by flow of heat generated in the tube target to irradiated objects are discussed. The tube is almost a point-like source of X radiation emitted into 4đ geometry; the dose rates are on the order of 1 Gy/min at the distance of 10 mm from the anode cap. Preliminary tests show the tube may be useful in brachytherapy of cancer tumors of diameter up to 30 mm. The tube may also be an interesting device in widely understood field of irradiation techniques.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 3; 101-105
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radioisotopes for medical and industrial use during the 50-year history of the Institute of Nuclear Research
    Autorzy:
    Mikołajczak, R.
    Bazaniak, Z.
    Iller, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147948.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiopharmaceuticals
    isotope application
    sealed sources
    radiotherapy
    brachytherapy
    Opis:
    The paper summarises the 50-years long history of the development of research programmes related to the practical applications of radionuclides in various fields of the Polish economy. The changing trends of interest of the potential users are reflected in the research and development activities of the Radioisotope Centre POLATOM. In the 1960's and 1970's the main areas of activity were focused on the sealed sources and radiolabelled compounds for the investigation of industrial processes. The introduction to the routine practice of the RIA and the IRMA kits for hormonal in vitro diagnostics in the 70-ties and 80-ties resulted in the general availability of this diagnostic technique in Poland. The number of radioisotopes having the required radiation type, energy and half-life is steadily increasing due to the progress in irradiation facilities and in chemical separation processes. The need for modern radiopharmaceuticals, more specific and providing higher diagnostic and therapeutic potential as an alternative to other medical modalities is reflected in the research programmes carried out and implemented currently at the Radioisotope Centre POLATOM.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 83-87
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tubing decontamination during the leak test of iodine-125 seeds
    Autorzy:
    Moura, J. A.
    Moura, E. S.
    Sprenger, F. E.
    Nagatomi, H. R.
    Zeituni, C. A.
    Feher, A.
    Manzoli, J. E.
    Souza, C. D.
    Rostelato, M. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148765.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    brachytherapy
    iodine seeds
    leak test
    sealed radioactive sources
    Opis:
    Leak tests were made to detect any leakage of radioactive material from inside the iodine-125 seeds applied in brachytherapy. These seeds are used in prostate cancer treatment. In the quality control routine, during seed production, leak tests are performed according to the International Standard Organization – radiation protection – sealed radioactive sources – ISO-9978 standard, and require liquid transfer between recipients. Any leakage causes contamination of the liquid and tubes. The aim of this study is the establishment of decontamination routines for tubes, allowing their repeated use, in the automated assay process.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 409-413
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dose enhancement in brachytherapy in the presence of gold nanoparticles : a Monte Carlo study on the size of gold nanoparticles and method of modelling
    Autorzy:
    Ghorbani, M.
    Pakravan, D.
    Bakhshabadi, M.
    Meigooni, A. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146605.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    brachytherapy
    dose enhancement
    gold nanoparticles
    Monte Carlo (MC)
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the size of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on dose enhancement in brachytherapy with photon emitting sources. Four photon emitting sources, 125I, 169Yb, 103Pd, and 192Ir were simulated and dose rate constant and radial dose functions were compared with published corresponding data for these sources. Dose enhancement factor in the presence of gold nanoparticles of 30 mg/ml concentration was calculated separately for nanoparticles with a diameter of 50, 100 and 200 nm. Gold nanoparticles were simulated precisely as nanospheres utilizing a lattice option in the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and the results were compared with those obtained with a simple model in which gold atoms are distributed uniformly in tumor volume as a simple mixture. Among the four mentioned sources, the dose enhancement related to 125I source is higher. Our results have shown that with gold nanoparticles of higher diameter, the level of dose enhancement is higher in the tested tumor. It has been also observed that the simple model overestimates the dose enhancement factor when compared with the precise model in which nanoparticles are defined according to the Monte Carlo code. In the energy range produced by the brachytherapy sources, the dose enhancement is higher when using brachytherapy sources with lower energy. Among the size range of gold nanoparticles used in medicine, it is predicted that nanoparticles with higher diameter can be more useful when are utilized in brachytherapy. It is also recommended that when calculating dose enhancements, a precise model be used for modelling of nanoparticles in the Monte Carlo simulations.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 3; 401-406
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An approach to the preparation of iodine-125 seed-type sources
    Autorzy:
    Cieszykowska, I.
    Piasecki, A.
    Mielcarski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    iodine-125 sealed sources
    seed-type sources
    brachytherapy sources
    Opis:
    The deposition of iodine-125 on silver bars to be sealed in titanium capsules as seed-type sources for brachytherapy was studied. For this purpose, a method of internal electrolysis was applied. The cell consisted of a silver anode contained in a Pt crucible serving as cathode. The plating solution contained sodium iodide-125 and sodium hydroxide. The yield of iodine-125 deposition for carrier-containing and carrier-free electrolyte solutions was determined. The deposition on uncutted Ag wires and on those cutted into 3 mm long bars was investigated. The influence of visible light on the coating process was examined. The leachability of iodine-125 from the silver wires as well as the activity distribution on the wires was measured. The obtained results indicate that the silver wire should be first coated with iodine-125 and then cutted into 3 mm long pieces. Based on this observation, a device for a batch-type procedure of manufacturing I-125 plated silver bars was designed and made. A design for simultaneous cutting and positioning of the activity-carrying bars into the titanium capsules is presented. This arrangement has been built and tested in trials. The tests confirmed that contamination of the source capsules can be minimized. Laser weldings of the titanium capsules were performed and the cross section of the welds examined by the use of an optical microscope.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50, 1; 17-22
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of an automation system for iodine-125 brachytherapy seed encapsulated by Nd:YAG laser welding
    Autorzy:
    Somessari, S. L.
    Feher, A.
    Sprenger, F. E.
    Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
    da Costa, F. E.
    Calvo, W. A. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147664.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    iodine-125 seeds
    prostate cancer
    brachytherapy
    Nd:YAG laser welding
    Opis:
    The aim of this work is to develop an automation system for iodine-125 radioactive seed production by Nd:YAG laser welding, which has been used successfully in low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy treatment. This small seed consists of a welded titanium capsule, with 0.8 mm in diameter and 4.5 mm in length, containing iodine-125 adsorbed onto a silver rod. The iodine-125 seeds are implanted into the human prostate to irradiate the tumor for cancer treatment. Nowadays, the Radiation Technology Center, at Institute for Nuclear and Energy Research, Săo Paulo, Brazil (IPEN-CNEN/SP) imports and distributes 36,000 iodine-125 seeds per year, for the clinics and hospitals in the country. However, the Brazilian market potential is now over 8,000 iodine-125 seeds per month. The local production of these iodine-125 radioactive sources became a priority for the Institute, in order to reduce the price and the problems of prostate cancer management. It will permit to spread their use to a larger number of patients in Brazil. On the other hand, the industrial automation plays an important role for iodine-125 seeds in order to increase the productivity, with high quality and assurance, avoiding human factors, implementing and operating with good manufacturing practices (GMP). The technology consists of appliance electronic and electro-mechanical parts and components to control machines and processes. The automation system technology for iodine-125 seed production developed in this work was mainly assembled employing a programmable logic controller (PLC), a stepper motor, an Nd:YAG laser welding machine and a supervisory. The statistical repeatability of correctly encapsulated sealed sources with this automation system is greater than 95 per cent.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 369-374
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radiation stability of 125I-brachytherapy sources
    Autorzy:
    Saxena, S.
    Ram, R.
    Dash, A.
    Joshi, P.
    Venkatesh, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    retinoblastoma
    125 I-brachytherapy sources
    radiation stability
    SEM
    leach rate
    Opis:
    Low energy 125I-brachytherapy sources are used for the treatment of retinoblastoma and many other forms of eye cancer. Such sources were prepared by adsorption of 125I on palladium coated silver rods and were critically evaluated for safety aspects, as per AERB standards. In order to attain low leachability and to facilitate leak free laser encapsulation of sources within titanium capsules of size 0.8 mm (f) ´ 4.75 mm (l), the radioactive source core was coated with polystyrene. With a view to study the radiation stability of such sources over a period of three weeks, both polymer coated radioactive sources and inactive source cores were separately subjected to an integrated gamma dose of ~(17.85 ´ 104) Gy (17.85 MRad), which is the dose expected to be received in three weeks from a source containing ~ 111 MBq of 125I. This was carried out to test their suitability for reuse within such period. SEM pictures of inactive source cores were taken to observe the effect of gamma radiation on palladium coating. Post-irradiation leachability and uniformity of activity of radioactive sources were evaluated and found to be satisfactory. The sources were found to be reusable safely, for repeated brachytherapy procedures over a practically useful time of at least three weeks.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 1; 13-16
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of the geometry function for a brachytherapy seed, comparing MCNP results with TG-43U1 analytical approximations
    Autorzy:
    Raisali, G.
    Ghonchehnazi, M. G.
    Shokrani, P.
    Sadeghi, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    analytical approximation
    brachytherapy
    geometry function
    MCNP
    TG-43U1
    Opis:
    Geometry function is the only dosimetry parameter of a brachytherapy source seed, introduced in TG-43U1 protocol which is determined using calculational methods rather than physical measurement. In order to evaluate the accuracy of point and line source approximations, for calculation of the geometry function, the MCNP computer code has been used for a typical brachytherapy seed and the results have been compared. The MCNP has been used to simulate the geometry and activity distribution of a Pd-103 seed in order to calculate the geometry function for various angles and distances from the source. The comparison of results shows that at distances close to the source, the values predicted with different methods are not in agreement. The difference between the MCNP calculations and line approximation for small angles from ? = 0 to 15° is about 27% at 0.25 cm from the seed center. This difference is so much higher for point source approximation (up to a factor of 3) even up to distances of 0.5 cm from the source. As ? increases, the difference between MCNP and approximate methods is reduced. Therefore, for small distances from brachytherapy seeds, it is recommended to calculate the geometry function using more detailed methods instead of point and linear source approximations. This will provide more accurate results for other TG-43U1 dosimetry parameters such as radial dose function or anisotropy function which for some points are calculated via interpolation or extrapolation of the available discrete dosimetry data.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 2; 45-49
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design and fabrication of 125I seeds for brachytherapy using capillary-based microfluidic technique
    Autorzy:
    Wang, Yuan
    Zhang, Miao
    Song, Tong
    Chang, Zhenqi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055673.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    125I seeds
    brachytherapy source
    microfluidic
    Monte Carlo calculation
    core-shell
    Opis:
    A new kind of 125I seeds with a core-shell structure were synthesized by an easy assembling–disassembling coaxial capillaries microfluidic device. The dose distribution of a 125I brachytherapy source fabricated by arranging six 125I seeds collinearly within a cylindrical titanium capsule was simulated by modelling the source in a water phantom using Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport code. The infl uence of the motion and the core size of the 125I seeds on the dose distribution was also studied in this work.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2021, 66, 2; 55--60
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development and production of radioactive sources used for cancer treatment in Brazil
    Autorzy:
    Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
    Rela, P. R.
    Zeituni, C. A.
    Feher, A.
    Manzoli, J. E.
    Moura, J. A.
    Moura, E. S.
    Silva, C. P. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radioactive sources production
    iodine-125 seeds
    iridium-192 wires
    brachytherapy
    cancer treatment
    Opis:
    The number of cancer patients in Brazil is increasing and part of the patients are submitted to brachytherapy treatment using iridium-192 wire and iodine-125 radioactive seeds. The Nuclear Energy Research Institute established a programme to produce iridium-192 wire and iodine-125 radioactive seeds. With the purpose of settling a laboratory for iridium-192 sources production, a wire activation method was developed and a hot cell for the wire manipulation, quality assurance and packaging was built. The iodine-125 seeds consist of a welded titanium capsule containing iodine-125 adsorbed onto a silver rod. Concerning the setup of the local production, the following activities were carried out: superficial treatment of the silver rod, development of a process to absorb the iodine in the silver rod, welding methodology to seal the seeds, leakage and contamination test and source activity measurement.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 99-103
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of dosimetry parameters of ADVANTAGETM 103Pd brachytherapy seed using MCNP4C computer code
    Autorzy:
    Ataeinia, V.
    Raisali, G.
    Sadeghi, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148136.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    brachytherapy
    103Pd source
    dosimetry parameters
    MCNP4C
    ADVANTAGE TM 103Pd
    Opis:
    The IsoAid LLC Inc. has been introduced ADVANTAGETM 103Pd brachytherapy seed in 2006. The aim of this work is to determine the dosimetric characteristics of this seed according to AAPM’s recommendation in TG43-U1 using MCNP4C computer code. The dose rate constant has been determined to be 0.694š0.001 cGy.h–1.U–1. The radial dose function has been calculated at distances from 0.25 to 7 cm. Two-dimensional anisotropy function have been calculated at distances from 0.25 to 7 cm and at angles from 0 to 90 degrees centigrade at 10 degrees centigrade increments. The one-dimensional anisotropy function and anisotropy constant have been also calculated. The anisotropy constant in water has been calculated as 0.872š0.001. The results of this investigation are compared with the results of Meigooni et al. obtained by PTRAN code in 2006 and Sowards results obtained by PTRAN code in 2007. The comparison of the dose rate constant and the one-dimensional anisotropy function obtained from the two codes shows good agreement; also the radial dose function at distances lower than 3 cm and the two-dimensional anisotropy function at angles greater than 20 degrees centigrade are in good agreement. But, for the calculated radial dose function at distances beyond 3 cm, we observed differences between our values and Meigooni et al. and Sowards results. Also, differences between the calculated two-dimensional anisotropy function using the two codes for angles smaller than 20 degrees centigrade are considerable. The differences between the results of MCNP4C and PTRAN codes could be related to the different cross-section data libraries used in these two codes.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 3; 181-187
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Leakage test evaluation used for qualification of iodine-125 seeds sealing
    Autorzy:
    Feher, A.
    Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
    Zeituni, C. A.
    Calvo, W. A. P.
    Somessari, S. L.
    Moura, J. A.
    Moura, E. S.
    Souza, C. D.
    Rela, P. R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147662.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    leakage test
    iodine-125 seeds
    prostate cancer
    brachytherapy
    titanium tube
    standard ISO-9978
    Opis:
    Brachytherapy is one of the possible treatments with ionizing radiation available for prostate cancer, in which small seeds containing iodine-125 radioisotope are implanted directly into the prostate. The seed consists of a sealed titanium tube containing a central silver wire with adsorbed iodine-125. The tube sealing is made with titanium at the ends, using plasma arc-welding (PAW) or laser process. This sealing must be leakage-resistant and free of cracks, therefore avoiding iodine-125 to deposit in the silver wire to escape and spread into the human body. To ensure that this problem is not occurring, rigorous leakage tests in accordance with the standard ISO-9978 should be applied. The aim of this study is to determine, implement and evaluate the leakage test to be used in the iodine-125 seeds production, in order to qualify the sealing procedure. The standard ISO-9978 presents a list of tests to be carried out according to the type of source. The preferential methods for brachytherapy sources are soaking and helium. To assess the seeds leakage, the method of immersion test at room temperature was applied. The seeds are considered leakage-free if the detected activity does not exceed 185 Bq (5 nCi). An iodine standard was prepared and its value determined in a sodium iodide detector. A liquid scintillation counter was calibrated with the standard for seed leakage tests. Forty-eight seeds were plasma arc-welded for these tests.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 375-379
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A study about the measurement method of the homogeneity of radioactivity along an iridium-192 wire used in brachytherapy
    Autorzy:
    Costa, O. L.
    Calvo, W. A. P.
    Zeituni, C. A.
    Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
    Moura, J. A.
    Feher, A.
    Souza, C. D.
    Somessari, S. L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    iridium-192
    iridium wire
    low dose rate brachytherapy
    quality control
    cancer treatment
    radioactive sources production
    Opis:
    The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute has produced, since 1998, iridium-192 wires used in low dose rate brachytherapy. In the paper the authors studied the influence of wire profile on the homogeneity distribution of radioactivity of iridium-192 along the wire. The authors propose the improvements in the quality control procedure that will provide more accurate measurement data and suggest changes in control devices.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 1; 37-39
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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