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Tytuł:
Trace analysis of Indonesian volcanic ash using thermal and epithermal neutron activation analysis
Autorzy:
Canion, B.
Jacques, C.
Landsberger, S.
Taftazani, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
neutron activation analysis (NAA)
trace elements
volcanic ash
rare earth elements (REE)
Mount Merapi
Opis:
There is continued great interest in determining the trace element and heavy metal content of volcanic ash for a variety of reasons. The motivation stems from the desire to understand the geochemistry of volcanic ash in imbedded geological formations, the impact on seawater, and the possible release of toxic elements into the environment that may impact livestock grazing and water systems. Ash from volcanic plumes can go as high 8-18 km thus affecting climate and air traffic. We have employed Compton suppression neutron activation analysis (NAA) with thermal and epithermal neutrons to determine trace elements in volcanic ash from Indonesian eruption of Mount Merapi in October 2010. We found a wide range of elements, including several rare earth elements.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 4; 585-589
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leakage test evaluation used for qualification of iodine-125 seeds sealing
Autorzy:
Feher, A.
Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
Zeituni, C. A.
Calvo, W. A. P.
Somessari, S. L.
Moura, J. A.
Moura, E. S.
Souza, C. D.
Rela, P. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
leakage test
iodine-125 seeds
prostate cancer
brachytherapy
titanium tube
standard ISO-9978
Opis:
Brachytherapy is one of the possible treatments with ionizing radiation available for prostate cancer, in which small seeds containing iodine-125 radioisotope are implanted directly into the prostate. The seed consists of a sealed titanium tube containing a central silver wire with adsorbed iodine-125. The tube sealing is made with titanium at the ends, using plasma arc-welding (PAW) or laser process. This sealing must be leakage-resistant and free of cracks, therefore avoiding iodine-125 to deposit in the silver wire to escape and spread into the human body. To ensure that this problem is not occurring, rigorous leakage tests in accordance with the standard ISO-9978 should be applied. The aim of this study is to determine, implement and evaluate the leakage test to be used in the iodine-125 seeds production, in order to qualify the sealing procedure. The standard ISO-9978 presents a list of tests to be carried out according to the type of source. The preferential methods for brachytherapy sources are soaking and helium. To assess the seeds leakage, the method of immersion test at room temperature was applied. The seeds are considered leakage-free if the detected activity does not exceed 185 Bq (5 nCi). An iodine standard was prepared and its value determined in a sodium iodide detector. A liquid scintillation counter was calibrated with the standard for seed leakage tests. Forty-eight seeds were plasma arc-welded for these tests.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 375-379
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study about the measurement method of the homogeneity of radioactivity along an iridium-192 wire used in brachytherapy
Autorzy:
Costa, O. L.
Calvo, W. A. P.
Zeituni, C. A.
Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
Moura, J. A.
Feher, A.
Souza, C. D.
Somessari, S. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
iridium-192
iridium wire
low dose rate brachytherapy
quality control
cancer treatment
radioactive sources production
Opis:
The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute has produced, since 1998, iridium-192 wires used in low dose rate brachytherapy. In the paper the authors studied the influence of wire profile on the homogeneity distribution of radioactivity of iridium-192 along the wire. The authors propose the improvements in the quality control procedure that will provide more accurate measurement data and suggest changes in control devices.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 1; 37-39
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development and production of radioactive sources used for cancer treatment in Brazil
Autorzy:
Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
Rela, P. R.
Zeituni, C. A.
Feher, A.
Manzoli, J. E.
Moura, J. A.
Moura, E. S.
Silva, C. P. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radioactive sources production
iodine-125 seeds
iridium-192 wires
brachytherapy
cancer treatment
Opis:
The number of cancer patients in Brazil is increasing and part of the patients are submitted to brachytherapy treatment using iridium-192 wire and iodine-125 radioactive seeds. The Nuclear Energy Research Institute established a programme to produce iridium-192 wire and iodine-125 radioactive seeds. With the purpose of settling a laboratory for iridium-192 sources production, a wire activation method was developed and a hot cell for the wire manipulation, quality assurance and packaging was built. The iodine-125 seeds consist of a welded titanium capsule containing iodine-125 adsorbed onto a silver rod. Concerning the setup of the local production, the following activities were carried out: superficial treatment of the silver rod, development of a process to absorb the iodine in the silver rod, welding methodology to seal the seeds, leakage and contamination test and source activity measurement.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 99-103
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preparation of lithium titanate by sol-gel method
Autorzy:
Deptuła, A.
Łada, W.
Olczak, T.
Sartowska, B.
Chmielewski, A.
Alvani, C.
Casadio, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147573.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Opis:
Medium sized spherical particles of Li2TiO3 (with diameters below 100 mi m) can be prepared from peroxy lithium titanate solution (stabilized with citric acid) by a modified INCT variant of the sol-gel process. The process consists of the following main steps: (I) formation of aqueous phase emulsion in 2-ethylhexanol-1 containing the surfactants 1v/o SPAN-80 and 1v/o Ethomen S-15 (EH); (II) gelation of emulsion drops by extraction of water with partially dehydrated EH; (III) filtration and washing with carbon tetrachloride or acetone; (IV) non-destructive thermal treatment. The tritium release from sol-gel process preparation of Li2TiO3 micro-spheres was found very close to that observed for other traditional material however, the new process is more efficient than other processes because of the morphology of the sintered specimens.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 3; 95-100
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Radiation processing of detergents and possible environmental benefits
Autorzy:
Borrely, S. I.
Romanelli, M. F.
Pereira, M. C. C.
da Silva, G. P.
Mesquita, L. C. A.
de Moraes, M. C. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
EB irradiadion
anionic surfactants
effluent
Vibrio fischeri
Daphnia similis
Opis:
Detergents at waters inducing negative changes for biological degradability and water general quality. Some authors have evidenced a considerable amount of anionic surfactant and toxic effects into natural water and effluents related to detergents. The objective of the study was to apply electron irradiation for reducing toxicity, and for degradation of surfactants. To quantify surfactant LAS determination as MBAS (metylene blue active substances) was applied. The capacity of radiation to reduce surfactants was evidenced for real effluent and for water solution containing sodium dodecyl sulfate, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), separately. An electron beam accelerator (EBA) 1.5 MeV was the radiation source. Anionic surfactant solutions as well as real effluents resulted in less toxic samples after irradiation. Toxicity was evaluated for Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia similis. An important decline of total anionic surfactant was observed after irradiation to doses: 6.0 kGy and 20 kGy (surfactant in water solutions and effluents, respectively). To conclude, EBA irradiations accounted for 88% to 96% less toxic surfactants solutions and effluents and 68% to 96% for MBAS compounds decomposition.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 2; 61-64
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vitamin E content and sensory qualities of γ-irradiated sunflower whole grain cookies
Autorzy:
Taipina, M. S.
Lamardo, L. C. A.
Rodas, M. A. B.
del Mastro, N. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
ionization radiation
cookies
vitamin E
sensory evaluation
Opis:
The sources of vitamin E in the diet are oils, margarines, seeds, nuts and cereal grains. Industrialized sunflower whole grain cookies were treated with gamma irradiation and evaluated for changes in vitamin E content and sensory properties. Radiation doses were 0.0, 1.0 and 3.0 kGy, the dose rate was 3.5 kGy/h. Irradiation at 1 and 3 kGy resulted in no changes in vitamin E content measured as α-tocopherol equivalents by a colorimetric measurement based method. A sensory panel composed of 22 trained members found that irradiation even at 1 kGy induced certain small, but statistically significant differences in sensory characteristics for appearance, aroma, texture and flavor attributes. From the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that there was a notorious stability of the vitamin content of the product submitted to γ-irradiation at the assayed doses. Meanwhile, irradiation at room temperature of this ready to eat food item caused small but statistically significant effects on sensory (marketing) attributes.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 81-84
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tubing decontamination during the leak test of iodine-125 seeds
Autorzy:
Moura, J. A.
Moura, E. S.
Sprenger, F. E.
Nagatomi, H. R.
Zeituni, C. A.
Feher, A.
Manzoli, J. E.
Souza, C. D.
Rostelato, M. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
brachytherapy
iodine seeds
leak test
sealed radioactive sources
Opis:
Leak tests were made to detect any leakage of radioactive material from inside the iodine-125 seeds applied in brachytherapy. These seeds are used in prostate cancer treatment. In the quality control routine, during seed production, leak tests are performed according to the International Standard Organization – radiation protection – sealed radioactive sources – ISO-9978 standard, and require liquid transfer between recipients. Any leakage causes contamination of the liquid and tubes. The aim of this study is the establishment of decontamination routines for tubes, allowing their repeated use, in the automated assay process.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 409-413
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Burn-up calculation of different thorium-based fuel matrixes in a thermal research reactor using MCNPX 2.6 code
Autorzy:
Gholamzadeh, Z.
Feghhi, S. A. H.
Soltani, L.
Rezazadeh, M
Tenreiro, C.
Joharifard, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148179.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
ThO2
neutronic parameters
fuel burn-up
233U
235U
239Pu fissile material
Opis:
Decrease of the economically accessible uranium resources and the inherent proliferation resistance of thorium fuel motivate its application in nuclear power systems. Estimation of the nuclear reactor’s neutronic parameters during different operational situations is of key importance for the safe operation of nuclear reactors. In the present research, thorium oxide fuel burn-up calculations for a demonstrative model of a heavy water- -cooled reactor have been performed using MCNPX 2.6 code. Neutronic parameters for three different thorium fuel matrices loaded separately in the modelled thermal core have been investigated. 233U, 235U and 239Pu isotopes have been used as fi ssile element in the thorium oxide fuel, separately. Burn-up of three different fuels has been calculated at 1 MW constant power. 135X and 149Sm concentration variations have been studied in the modelled core during 165 days burn-up. Burn-up of thorium oxide enriched with 233U resulted in the least 149Sm and 135Xe productions and net fi ssile production of 233U after 165 days. The negative fuel, coolant and void reactivity of the used fuel assures safe operation of the modelled thermal core containing (233U-Th) O2 matrix. Furthermore, utilisation of thorium breeder fuel demonstrates several advantages, such as good neutronic economy, 233U production and less production of long-lived α emitter high radiotoxic wastes in biological internal exposure point of view.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 4; 129-136
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Magnetic resonance study of co-modified (Co,N)-TiO2 nanocomposites
Autorzy:
Guskos, N.
Zolnierkiewicz, G.
Guskos, A.
Typek, J.
Berczynski, P.
Dolat, D.
Mozia, S.
Aidinis, C.
Morawski, A. W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
nanocomposites
titanium dioxide
ferromagnetic resonance
Opis:
Three nCo,N-TiO2 nanocomposites (where cobalt concentration index n = 1, 5 and 10 wt %) were prepared and investigated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy at room temperature. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) lines of magnetic cobalt agglomerated nanoparticle were dominant in all registered spectra. The relaxation processes and magnetic anisotropy of the investigated spin system essentially depended on the concentration of cobalt ions. It is suggested that the samples contained two magnetic types of sublattices forming a strongly correlated spin system. It is suggested that the existence of strongly correlated magnetic system has an essential infl uence of the photocatalytic properties of the studied nanocomposites.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 3, part 1; 411-416
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gamma-ray computed tomography SCANNERS for applications in multiphase system COLUMNs
Autorzy:
Calvo, W. A. P.
Hamada, M. M.
Sprenger, F. E.
Vasquez, P. A. S.
Rela, P. R.
Martins, J. F. T.
de Matos Pereira, J. C. S.
Omi, N.
de Mesquita, C. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
industrial computed tomography
multiphase flow systems
non-destructive testing
gas absorption column
industrial process optimization
packed distillation columns
scanning systems
Opis:
Gamma-ray tomography experiments have been carried out to detect spatial patterns in the porosity, in a 0.27 m diameter packed steel column using a first generation computed tomography (CT) system. The CT scanner consists of a NaI(Tl) detector 5.08 cm in diameter, and an encapsulated 137Cs (3.7 GBq) radioactive source, located opposite to the center of the detector. The detector and the source, mounted on a fixed support and the column, can rotated and dislocate by two stepping motors controlled through a microprocessor. Different sizes of stainless steel Raschig rings (12.6, 37.9 and 76 mm) have been examined. The primary objective of this work is to detect spatial patterns and statistical information on porosity variation in packed distillation columns. Horizontal scans, at different vertical positions of the packed bed were made for each size of Raschig rings. Radial porosity variation within the packed bed has been determined. This study has demonstrated that the porosity and its spatial distribution in a metallic packed column can be measured with adequate spatial resolution using the gamma-ray tomography technique. After validation of this first generation CT, the turntable design to rotate and dislocate the 60Co or 137Cs sealed gamma-ray sources and multidetector array for the third generation industrial computed tomography was also developed.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 2; 129-133
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control of the propagation of intense laser pulses in gas for laser plasma acceleration
Autorzy:
Giulietti, D.
Cecchetti, C. A.
Drenska, N. V.
Faccini, N.
Gatti, C.
Gatti, G.
Giulietti, A.
Gizzi, L.
Labate, L.
Levato, T.
Martellotti, S.
Pathak, N.
Valente, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
intense laser pulses
ultra-short laser pulse
laser plasma
plasma acceleration
Opis:
The role of the propagation mechanisms of intense and ultra-short laser pulses in gas is presented, as well as the first results of the laser plasma acceleration (LPA) tests at Frascati National Laboratories (INFN), in the frame of NTA-PLASMONX project.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 221-225
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of diagnostic tools for Plasma Focus derived X-ray source
Autorzy:
Angeli, E.
Bonifazzi, C.
Da Re, A.
Marziani, M.
Tartari, A.
Frignani, M.
Mannucci, S.
Mostacci, D.
Rocchi, F.
Sumini, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
plasma focus
electron impact ionization
characteristic X-ray lines
bremsstrahlung
material heating
dosimetry
Opis:
The energy spectra of X-rays generated by the impact of electron beams on high- and medium-Z targets following the pinch implosion of Plasma Focus (PF) devices are discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms of X-ray production following electron impact ionization. In addition, the temperature measurement of the PF inner electrode is reported and some results have been proved useful in order to optimize the device functionalities.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 15-20
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of an automation system for iodine-125 brachytherapy seed encapsulated by Nd:YAG laser welding
Autorzy:
Somessari, S. L.
Feher, A.
Sprenger, F. E.
Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
da Costa, F. E.
Calvo, W. A. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
iodine-125 seeds
prostate cancer
brachytherapy
Nd:YAG laser welding
Opis:
The aim of this work is to develop an automation system for iodine-125 radioactive seed production by Nd:YAG laser welding, which has been used successfully in low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy treatment. This small seed consists of a welded titanium capsule, with 0.8 mm in diameter and 4.5 mm in length, containing iodine-125 adsorbed onto a silver rod. The iodine-125 seeds are implanted into the human prostate to irradiate the tumor for cancer treatment. Nowadays, the Radiation Technology Center, at Institute for Nuclear and Energy Research, Săo Paulo, Brazil (IPEN-CNEN/SP) imports and distributes 36,000 iodine-125 seeds per year, for the clinics and hospitals in the country. However, the Brazilian market potential is now over 8,000 iodine-125 seeds per month. The local production of these iodine-125 radioactive sources became a priority for the Institute, in order to reduce the price and the problems of prostate cancer management. It will permit to spread their use to a larger number of patients in Brazil. On the other hand, the industrial automation plays an important role for iodine-125 seeds in order to increase the productivity, with high quality and assurance, avoiding human factors, implementing and operating with good manufacturing practices (GMP). The technology consists of appliance electronic and electro-mechanical parts and components to control machines and processes. The automation system technology for iodine-125 seed production developed in this work was mainly assembled employing a programmable logic controller (PLC), a stepper motor, an Nd:YAG laser welding machine and a supervisory. The statistical repeatability of correctly encapsulated sealed sources with this automation system is greater than 95 per cent.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 369-374
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of flow patterns in industrial gold leaching tank by radiotracer residence time distribution measurement
Autorzy:
Stęgowski, Z.
Dagadu, C. P. K.
Furman, L.
Akaho, E. H. K.
Danso, K. A.
Mumuni, I. I.
Adu, P. S.
Amoah, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
mineral processing
gold ores
leaching
radiotracer
modelling
Opis:
The carbon-in-leach (CIL) process is one the most efficient methods of gold recovery from gold bearing ores. The efficiency of the leaching process greatly depends on the flow structure created by mechanical agitation (in some cases air agitation) in the leaching tanks. Residence time distribution (RTD) measurement was conducted in the CIL section of a gold processing plant in order to determine the flow structure in the first tank using the 131I radioactive tracer. The shape of the experimental data revealed that the flow behaviour in the tank was close to an ideal mixer. Modelling of the experimental data, however, revealed that the tank was not behaving as a single perfect mixer, but consisted of two mixing zones. The flow structure in the tank was best described by the “perfect mixers with exchange” model consisting of two mixing zones. The model allowed the determination of flow parameters including the mean residence time, flow rate and volumes of the mixing zones.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 339-344
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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